从句(clause)又称子句、分句、小句,在文法中是构成一个完整句子的最小语法单位[1],主从复句里的一种从句。典型的子句通常包含主語、謂語这两个成分[2],其中谓语一般是主謂短語,由动词和賓語等其他修饰成分构成。然而,主语时常被省掉(尤其是在无主语语句中),但有时也会在英语等其他语言中出现(如祈使句)。
脚注
- ^ For this basic definition in terms of a proposition, see Kroeger (2005:32).
- ^ For a definition of the clause that emphasizes the subject-predicate relationship, see Radford (2004327f.).
参考资料
- Crystal, David (1997). A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics. fourth edition. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers.
- Kroeger, Paul R. (2005). Analysing Grammar: An Introduction. Cambridge. UK: Cambridge University Press.
- Timothy Osborne; Thomas Gross. Constructions are catenae: Construction Grammar meets Dependency Grammar. Cognitive Linguistics. 2012, 23 (1): 163–214. doi:10.1515/cog-2012-0006.
- Radford, Andrew (2004). English syntax: An introduction. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.