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克利珀頓島

克利珀頓島
Île de Clipperton
克利珀顿岛(Clipperton Island)有泻湖,以米为单位显示深度。
克利珀顿岛(Clipperton Island)有泻湖,以米为单位显示深度。
克利珀頓島在太平洋的位置
克利珀頓島
克利珀頓島
克利珀頓島在太平洋的位置
自然地理
位置太平洋
坐标10°18′N 109°13′W / 10.300°N 109.217°W / 10.300; -109.217
群岛
面積6平方公里(2.3平方英里)
最高海拔29米(95英尺)
最高點克利珀頓岩法语Rocher de Clipperton
管轄
 法國
人口统计
人口無人居住

克利珀頓島(法語:Île de Clipperton [il də klipœʁtɔn]Île de la Passion [il də la pasjɔ̃];西班牙語:Isla de la Pasión;英語:Clipperton Island)是一座位於東北太平洋的荒島,為法國海外領土

概要

克利珀頓島位於北緯10°18′,西經109°13′,為一面積大約5平方公里的圓形環礁,最高點大約29公尺。

歷史

最早有關此地的記載在於1521年。1705年,英國海盜約翰·克利珀頓英语John ClippertonJohn Clipperton)在此上陸,其後便根據他的名字來為這個島嶼命名。1836年,西班牙海軍發現此地,便對此實行統治。1858年後法國政府對此地聲稱擁有統治權,直至今天。

不過,自墨西哥從西班牙獨立后,墨西哥也聲稱對克利珀頓島擁有主權,更因此與法國出現領土衝突。1909年墨西哥与美国签署协议,同意把克利珀頓島悬案提交给意大利国王维托里奥·埃马努埃莱三世国际仲裁英语international arbitration。1931年维托里奥·埃马努埃莱三世决定克利珀頓島归属法国所有。[1][2][3]法国重建了灯塔,设立军事哨所,成為飛機橫跨太平洋的中途站。直至二战爆发放弃成为荒岛。2012年墨西哥向联合国提交书面声明,指出墨西哥保留其根据国际法在克利珀顿岛区域所拥有的所有权利。[4]

参见

参考文献

  1. ^ Affaire de l’île de Clipperton (Mexique contre France) [Case of Clipperton Island (Mexico v. France)] (PDF). Recueil des Sentences Arbitrales [Reports of International Arbitral Awards] II. United Nations. 28 January 1931: 1105–1111 (2006) [2018-12-11]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-08-19) (法语). 
  2. ^ John P. Grant & J. Craig Barker (编). Clipperton Island Case. Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law 3rd. Oxford University Press. 2009 [2018-12-11]. ISBN 978-0-19-538977-7. doi:10.1093/acref/9780195389777.001.0001/acref-9780195389777-e-386 (不活跃 2018-06-13). (原始内容存档于2018-12-14). 
  3. ^ William B. Heflin. Diayou/Senkaku Islands Dispute: Japan and China, Oceans Apart (PDF). Asian-Pacific Law & Policy Journal. 2000, 1 (18): 11–13 [2018-01-11]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2010-09-28). 
  4. ^ 姚莹. 岛礁法律地位的解释问题研究. 法商研究. 

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