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喬治六世紀念禮拜堂

喬治六世紀念禮拜堂
King George VI Memorial Chapel(英文)
喬治六世紀念禮拜堂毗鄰聖喬治禮拜堂,为图中正中间的小型建筑。
地图
51°29′01″N 00°36′25″W / 51.48361°N 0.60694°W / 51.48361; -0.60694
位置 英国温莎温莎城堡聖喬治禮拜堂
國家/地區 英国
所屬宗派英格蘭圣公会
宗內派別高教會派
官方網站www.stgeorges-windsor.org
歷史
奉獻圣乔治
建築
建築風格哥特式

喬治六世紀念禮拜堂[1][2](英語:King George VI Memorial Chapel),又譯喬治六世國王紀念教堂[3][4][5],屬英國溫莎城堡聖喬治禮拜堂的一部分,為1962年英國女王伊莉莎白二世委託喬治·佩斯英语George Pace設計作為她父親喬治六世的墓地,1969年竣工。

歷史

1962年,伊麗莎白二世委託建築師設計一座禮拜堂以容納三代君主伉儷遺體。此案也是自1504年亨利七世私人秘書英语Oliver King在教堂南側的禮拜堂完工後的再次增建。[6]同年12月,女王私人秘書致信溫莎教長英语Dean of Windsor羅賓·伍茲英语Robin Woods提出兩項要求,一是為時任威爾斯親王的查爾斯三世准备坚振礼;二為父親喬治六世選定永久安息之地。喬治六世遺體原擬安葬聖喬治禮拜堂下方的皇家墓園中,然喬治六世猝逝而未能指定具體安息地,同時女王為免母親再經歷埋葬亡夫之苦,亦因伊麗莎白王太后傾向較簡樸的鑲地石板墓穴,而非石雕形式的櫃墓英语Funerary art#Christianity設計,而致遷葬延宕。

設計

喬治六世紀念禮拜堂最初由約翰·西里英语John Seely, 2nd Baron Mottistone保羅·佩吉英语Paul Page進行設計,計劃在聖喬治禮拜堂中殿北牆建造一個小型矩形教堂,然該計劃遭王室美術委員會英语Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment否決,[6]最終通過由第二順位的喬治·佩斯英语George Pace所提出之計劃,在聖喬治禮拜堂無法增建新拱頂的前提下,於拉特蘭禮拜堂和聖喬治禮拜堂北合唱團之間增建一座高18英尺(5.49米)、寬10英尺(3.05米)、長14英尺(4.27米)的禮拜堂並於1969年竣工,禮拜堂建造成本為25,000英鎊,相當於今日437,800英鎊,並由伊麗莎白二世全額資助。[6]該禮拜堂位於聖喬治禮拜堂北牆的兩外部扶壁間,由拉特蘭郡克利普夏漢英语Clipsham的石材建成,紅色及藍色花窗玻璃窗由約翰·派柏英语John Piper (artist)設計和派崔克·瑞因軒斯英语Patrick Reyntiens製作。禮拜堂屋頂為黑白相間並嵌飾金箔,祭壇則有威廉·利德·迪克爵士英语William Reid Dick所製的、諾福克郡桑德靈厄姆宮皇家莊園聖瑪利亞瑪達肋納教堂英语St Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham聖喬治像的複製品。[7]溫莎教長羅賓·伍茲稱:「教堂本身為垂直哥德式英语Perpendicular Gothic設計,但採用了二十世紀的表現手法」。

安葬喬治六世

喬治六世紀念禮拜堂內原僅刻有喬治六世和伊麗莎白王后伉儷的碑文英语Ledger stone

1969年3月24日,喬治六世移靈至以祂所命名的新建禮拜堂,[8]1969年3月31日,在喬治六世遺孀伊麗莎白王太后、長女伊麗莎白二世、長女婿愛丁堡公爵菲利普親王、長孫查爾斯王子和孫女安妮公主出席的儀式上落葬,嘉德騎士團亦受邀出席,[8]第一代緬甸的蒙巴頓伯爵路易·蒙巴頓因出席美國前總統德懷特·艾森豪的葬禮而缺席[6]溫莎公爵則未受邀。

堂內地面由一塊刻有「喬治六世」的黑色比利時大理石標記墓地[6],禮拜堂的鍛鐵大門上刻1908年米尼·路易絲·哈斯金斯英语Minnie Louise Haskins所撰寫的詩歌《歲月之門英语The Gate of the Year》詩句:「我對站在歲月之門的人說,『給我光明,讓我可以安全地踏入未知』」,喬治六世曾在1939年的聖誕致辭特別引述此文句。 [6]

後入葬者

喬治六世入葬後迄今還有兩次入葬。

2002年

喬治六世遺孀伊麗莎白王太后於2002年4月9日在西敏寺舉行葬禮英语Death and funeral of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother後被安葬在禮拜堂內,[9]兩個月前剛過世的喬治六世么女瑪格麗特公主的骨灰亦同時遷葬於此。[10]

2022年

2022年9月8日駕崩的伊利沙伯二世於同月19日入葬[11],前一年4月過世的菲利普親王也同時遷葬於此[12]

堂中碑文

註:以下漢譯碑文為中文維基百科自行翻譯。

禮拜堂地面鑲有大理石製墓碑英语Ledger stone[13],紀載葬入人名與生卒年,墓碑正中央鑲有嘉德勳章

GEORGE VI
1895–1952
ELIZABETH
1900–2002

ELIZABETH II
1926–2022
PHILIP
1921–2021

喬治六世
1895–1952
伊莉莎白
1900–2002

伊莉莎白二世
1926–2022
菲利普
1921–2021

堂中右側另豎立瑪嘉烈公主的墓碑,碑文下方刻有象徵瑪嘉烈公主的皇家文織

In
thankful
remembrance
of
HER ROYAL
HIGHNESS
THE
PRINCESS
MARGARET
COUNTESS
OF
SNOWDON
BORN
AUGUST 21ST
1930
DIED
FEBRUARY 9TH
2002

敬悼
瑪嘉烈公主殿下
斯諾登伯爵夫人
生於
1930年
8月21日
卒於
2002年
2月9日

參考文獻

  1. ^ 英女王伊麗莎白二世安葬 長眠喬治六世紀念禮拜堂页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)- 中央社
  2. ^ 英女王长眠温莎堡,国葬全球直播伴走最后一程页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)-星島日報
  3. ^ 英國女王逝世:公眾瞻仰靈柩及國葬的安排页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)-BBC
  4. ^ 女王最後安息之地:喬治六世國王紀念教堂[失效連結] - 太報
  5. ^ 英女王墓碑鋪設完成 最後安息地照片曝光页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)-星島日報
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Keay, Douglas. Princess Margaret's ashes to rest by her father. The Times (67375). 2002-02-15: 3 [2022-09-14]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-19) (英国英语). 
  7. ^ Last resting place of King George VI. The Times (57522). 1969-03-22: 3 [2022-09-14]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-19) (英国英语). 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 News in Brief. The Times (57516). 1969-03-22: 1. (原始内容存档于2022-09-19) (英国英语). 
  9. ^ Hamilton, Alan. The human touch will survive amid pomp and ceremony. The Times (67419). 2002-04-08: 10 [2022-09-14]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-19) (英国英语). 
  10. ^ Margaret's ashes to be interred with Queen Mother's coffin. Irish Examiner. 2002-03-31 [2022-09-15]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-15) (英语). 
  11. ^ Queen's funeral plans: What we know so far. BBC News. 2022-09-14 [2022-09-14]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-19) (英国英语). 
  12. ^ Sampson, Annabel. Prince Philip's final resting place will be alongside the Queen. Tatler Magazine. 13 April 2021 [2022-09-14]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-14) (英语). 
  13. ^ 自由時報電子報. 女王長眠喬治六世紀念禮拜堂 白金漢宮公布「最後安息地」照片 - 國際. 自由時報電子報. 2022-09-25 [2022-09-25]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-26) (中文(臺灣)). 

51°29′02″N 0°36′24″W / 51.48382°N 0.60680°W / 51.48382; -0.60680

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