Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

Comprehensive National Power

Comprehensive National Power (CNP; Chinese: 综合国力, pinyin: zōnghé guólì) is a measure of the general power of a nation-state. It is a putative measure, important in the contemporary political thought of the People's Republic of China from the 1980s onwards and first introduced into official documents in 1992.[1][2]

CNP can be calculated numerically by combining various quantitative indices to create a single number held to measure the power of a nation-state.[3] These indices take into account military, political, economic and cultural factors.[4][5]

About

Inspired by F. Clifford German, J. David Singer, Stuart Bremer and John Stuckey, A.F.K. Organski and Jacek Kugler, and Ray Cline's understanding and formulas for national power assessment.[6][7] It builds upon concepts such as superpower and regional power, as well as soft power, hard power and smart power.[8]

A 1995 definition of CNP refers to it as "the totality of a country's economic, military and political power in a given period. It signals the country's comprehensive development level and its position in the international system."[2]

There are a number of methods for calculating CNP devised by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Chinese Military Academy, Chinese Institute of Contemporary International Relations and independent Chinese scholars.[9]

National Strategic Resources

Michael Porter lists five major resources, that is, physical, human, infrastructure, knowledge and capital resources. Accordingly, the national strategic resources are divided into eight categories, with 23 indictors.[10] Those categories constitute CNP:[11]

  • Economic resources
  • Natural resources
  • Capital resources
  • Knowledge and Technology resources
  • Government resources
  • Military resources
  • International resources
  • Cultural resources

Adaptations

A fairly simplistic and effective index was developed by Chin-Lung Chang. It uses critical mass, economic capacity and military capacity. Due to its indicators, it is often repeatable and easy to define, making it comparable to the Human Development Index in understanding and reliability.[12]

See also

References

Citations
  1. ^ Bajwa 2008, p. 151.
  2. ^ a b Yongnian 1998, p. 192.
  3. ^ Bajwa 2008, p. 152.
  4. ^ Bajwa 2008, p. 153-157.
  5. ^ Yongnian 1998, p. 196.
  6. ^ Bhonsle 2016, p. 3-4.
  7. ^ Chuwattananurak 2016, p. 3.
  8. ^ Mishra 2017.
  9. ^ Singh, Gera & Dewan 2013, p. viii.
  10. ^ Bajwa 2008, p. 153.
  11. ^ Bajwa 2008, pp. 153–156.
  12. ^ Chang 2004.
Works cited
  • Bajwa, J.S (Summer 2008). "Defining Elements of Comprehensive National Power" (PDF). CLAWS Journal.
  • Bhonsle, Brig (Retd.) Rahul (March 2016), Strategies for Enhancing India's Comprehesive [sic] National Power (PDF), Vivekananda International Foundation
  • Chang, Chin Lung (2004), A Measure of National Power (PDF), Fo-guang University, archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2011
  • Chuwattananurak, Wuttikorn (June 2016), China's Comprehensive National Power and Its Implications for the Rise of China: Reassessment and Challenges (PDF), Paper presented at the CEEISA-ISA 2016 Joint International Conference at Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
  • Mishra, Lieutenant Colonel Malay (March 2017). "Unique Approach to Comprehensive National Power through the Lens of Kautilya's Arthashastra". United Service Institution of India. Archived from the original on 2022-12-20. Retrieved 2021-09-04.
  • Singh, P. K.; Gera, Y. K.; Dewan, Sandeep (2013). Comprehensive National Power: A Model for India. Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. ISBN 978-93-81411-39-1.
  • Yongnian, Zheng (1998). "Comprehensive National Power: An Expression of China's New Nationalism". In Wang, Gungwu; Wong, John (eds.). China's Political Economy. World Scientific. ISBN 9789814496308 – via Google Books.

Further reading

External links
Read more information:

Stasiun Nonami

Stasiun Nonami野並駅Lokasi200 Furukawa-cho, Tempaku, Nagoya, Aichi（名古屋市天白区古川町200）JepangOperatorBiro Transportasi Kota NagoyaJalurJalur SakuradōriLayanan Terminal bus Informasi lainKode stasiunS17SejarahDibuka1994Penumpang200816.056 per hari Sunting kotak info • L • BBantuan penggunaan templat ini Stasiun Nonami (野並駅code: ja is deprecated , Nonami-eki) adalah sebuah stasiun metro bawah tanah yang terletak di Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, Prefektur Aichi, Jepa…

Ghost in the Shell: SAC 2045

Ghost in the Shell: SAC_2045攻殻機動隊 SAC_2045(Kōkaku Kidōtai: SAC_2045)PenciptaMasamune Shirow Animasi web orisinalSutradaraShinji AramakiKenji KamiyamaSkenarioKenji KamiyamaMusikKazuma JinnōchiIrone TodaStudioProduction I.GSola Digital ArtsPelisensiNetflixTayang 23 April 2020 – sekarangDurasi24 menitEpisode12 (Daftar episode)  Portal anime dan manga Ghost in the Shell: SAC_2045 (Jepang: 攻殻機動隊 SAC_2045code: ja is deprecated , Hepburn: Kōkaku Kidōtai: SAC_2045) ad…

Derbi Tangerang

Derbi TangerangStadion Benteng, kandang Persikota Tangerang dan kandang Persita Tangerang sebelum pindah ke Stadion Benteng Taruna, Tangerang. Persikota Persita OlahragaSepak bolaLokasiKota Tangerang & Kabupaten Tangerang(Provinsi Banten)Tim terlibat Persikota Persita Stadion Stadion Benteng, Kota Tangerang StatistikKemenangan terbanyakPersikotaRekor pertemuan Persikota: 5 menang Imbang: 4 Persita Tangerang: 2 menang StatusVakumPersikotaPersitaLokasi markas Persikota dan Persita di Banten da…

Koi no Tsubomi

Koi no Tsubomi 恋のつぼみLagu oleh Koda Kumidari album Black CherryDirilis24 Mei 2006FormatCDCD + DVDGenrePopelectropopsynthpopbubblegum popLabelRhythm Zone Koi no Tsubomi (恋のつぼみ / Bud of Love) adalah singel solo ke-31 karya Koda Kumi di bawah label Rhythm Zone. Karya tersebut adalah singel pertama yang dibawa dalam era baru setelah Best ~second session~. Singel tersebut dirilis dalam format CD dan CD+DVD dan meraih urutan #2 di Oricon, terjual lebih dari 140,000 salinan pada peka…

Katedral Funchal

Katedral FunchalGereja Katedral Bunda Maria Diangkat ke Surga di FunchalPortugis: Sé Catedral de Nossa Senhora da Assunçãocode: pt is deprecated Katedral FunchalKatedral Funchal32°38′54″N 16°54′30″W / 32.648333°N 16.908333°W / 32.648333; -16.908333Koordinat: 32°38′54″N 16°54′30″W / 32.648333°N 16.908333°W / 32.648333; -16.908333LokasiMadeira, FunchalNegaraMadeira, PortugalDenominasiGereja Katolik RomaSitus webhttps://www.…

Agus Maftuh Abegebriel

Drs. H.Agus Maftuh AbegebrielM.Ag.Lahir20 Juni 1966 (umur 57)Semarang, Jawa TengahKebangsaanIndonesiaAlmamaterIAIN Sunan KalijagaPekerjaanDuta besar Drs. H. Agus Maftuh Abegebriel, M.Ag (lahir 20 Juni 1966)[1] adalah Duta Besar Indonesia untuk Arab Saudi merangkap Organisasi Kerja Sama Islam berkedudukan di Riyadh, Arab Saudi yang dilantik oleh Presiden Joko Widodo pada 13 Januari 2016.[2] Sebelumnya, ia bertugas sebagai dosen hukum tata negara (siyasah) di Universitas Islam…

Salò, or the 120 Days of Sodom

1975 Italian horror film by Pier Paolo Pasolini For other meanings of Salò or Salo, see Salo (disambiguation). For the book on which the film is based, see The 120 Days of Sodom. Salò, or the 120 Days of SodomOriginal Italian theatrical release posterItalianSalò o le 120 giornate di Sodoma Directed byPier Paolo PasoliniScreenplay by Sergio Citti Pier Paolo Pasolini (Uncredited:) Pupi Avati Claudio Masenza Antonio Troisi Based onThe 120 Days of Sodomby Marquis de SadeProduced byAlberto Grimald…

Footballers' Wives: Extra Time

Television series This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Footballers' Wives: Extra Time – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Footballers' Wives: Extra TimeOpening credits titleAlso known asFootballers' Wives: OvertimeCreated …

Almanak

Naskah Kutika yang dapat menjadi pedoman hari baik dan hari buruk dalam masyarakat Bugis. Almanak ([ ألمناخ al-manaakh] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help), musim, iklim) adalah suatu publikasi tahunan yang mengandung informasi tabular pada suatu atau beberapa topik yang disusun sesuai dengan data dan berbagai jenis juga ditemukan pada almanak, seperti waktu terbit dan tenggelamnya matahari dan bulan, tanggal-tanggal terjadinya gerhana, waktu-waktu ketika pasang dan surut, pe…

Keterangan Tacitus tentang Kristus

Kebakaran Roma, karya Karl von Piloty, 1861. Menurut Tacitus, Nero sengaja mengambinghitamkan umat Kristen sebagai biang keladi kebakaran. Bagian dari seri tentang Pandangan Kristen Kristus Kristologi Nama dan Gelar Riwayat Hidup Injil Keselarasan Injil Petilasan Beribunda Perawan Kelahiran Pembaptisan Karya Pelayanan Khotbah di Bukit Mukjizat Perumpamaan Penistaan Penyaliban Penguburan Kebangkitan Kenaikan Ketaatan Bersemayam di Surga Perantaraan Kedatangan Ke-2 Relikui Isa (Pandangan Islam) Al…

ألبرت جورج ويلسون

ألبرت جورج ويلسون (بالإنجليزية: Albert George Wilson)‏  معلومات شخصية الميلاد 28 يوليو 1918  هيوستن  الوفاة 27 أغسطس 2012 (94 سنة) [1]  سيباستوبول  مواطنة الولايات المتحدة  الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم معهد كاليفورنيا للتقنية  المهنة فلكي  اللغات الإنجليزية[2]  أع…

James Island (San Juan Islands)

Island of the San Juan Islands in Washington state, United States For the island at the mouth of the Quillayute River near La Push, Washington, see James Island (Washington). James Island Marine State ParkJames Island (left) behind Decatur Island (foreground right)Location in the state of WashingtonShow map of Washington (state)James Island (San Juan Islands) (the United States)Show map of the United StatesLocationSan Juan County, Washington, United StatesCoordinates48°30′45″N 122°46′31…

دوري الدرجة الأولى الروماني 1984–85

دوري الدرجة الأولى الروماني 1984–85 تفاصيل الموسم دوري الدرجة الأولى الروماني  النسخة 67  البلد رومانيا  التاريخ بداية:2 سبتمبر 1984  نهاية:19 يونيو 1985  المنظم اتحاد رومانيا لكرة القدم  البطل نادي ستيوا بوخارست  الهابطون بوليتنيكا ياشي،  ونادي يول بيتروشاني …

Hamburger SV

Sports club in Hamburg, Germany Football clubHamburger SVFull nameHamburger Sport-Verein e.V.Nickname(s)Die Rothosen (The Red Shorts)Short nameHSVFounded29 September 1887; 136 years ago (1887-09-29) (as SC Germania)2 June 1919; 104 years ago (1919-06-02) (as Hamburger SV)GroundVolksparkstadionCapacity57,000PresidentMarcell JansenSporting directorJonas BoldtHead coachSteffen BaumgartLeague2. Bundesliga2022–232. Bundesliga, 3rd of 18WebsiteClub website Home co…

Meteor (satellite)

Series of weather observation satellites launched by Russia This article is about satellites named Meteor. For the process of satellites becoming meteors, see atmospheric entry and meteor. Model of a Meteor-2 satellite The Meteor spacecraft are weather observation satellites launched by the Soviet Union and Russia. The Meteor satellite series was initially developed during the 1960s.[1] The Meteor satellites[clarification needed] were designed to monitor atmospheric and sea-surfa…

Mathius Salempang

Ini adalah nama Toraja, marganya adalah Selempang Mathius Salempang Wakil Kepala Badan Reserse Kriminal PolriMasa jabatan14 Maret 2011 – 5 Juli 2011 PendahuluDikdik Mulyana Arief MansurPenggantiBekto SupraptoKepala Kepolisian Daerah Kalimantan TimurMasa jabatan31 Agustus 2009 – 14 Maret 2011 PendahuluAndi MasmiyatPenggantiBambang WidaryatmoKepala Kepolisian Daerah Sulawesi Selatan dan Sulawesi BaratMasa jabatan28 Januari 2009 – 31 Agustus 2009 PendahuluSisno Adiw…

Christmas Humphreys

Christmas HumphreysChristmas HumphreysLahir(1901-02-15)15 Februari 19017 Royal Crescent, London, InggrisMeninggal13 April 1983(1983-04-13) (umur 82)St John's Wood, LondonKebangsaanBritania RayaPekerjaanBarrister; hakim, penulisTahun aktif1924–1976 Travers Christmas Humphreys (15 Februari 1901 – 13 April 1983)[1] adalah seorang barrister, Queen's Counsel, dan hakim Britania di Old Bailey.[2][3] Bersama dengan istrinya, Aileen Faulkner, Christmas Humphreys ada…

A.S. Bisceglie Calcio 1913

BisceglieNama lengkapAssociazione Sportiva Bisceglie Calcio 1913Berdiri1913StadionStadio Gustavo Ventura,Bisceglie, Italy(Kapasitas: 5,000)PresidentNicola CanonicoHead coachNicola RagnoLigaSerie D/H2011–12Eccellenza Apulia, 3rd (promoted) Kostum kandang Kostum tandang Associazione Sportiva Bisceglie Calcio 1913 adalah sebuah klub sepak bola Italia yang berada di Bisceglie, Apulia. Saat ini mereka bermain di Seri D. lbsSerie D Klub 2019–2020 Girone A Borgosesia Bra Caronnese Casale Chieri Fez…

لنكن (نبراسكا)

لنكن    علم الاسم الرسمي (بالإنجليزية: Lincoln)‏    الإحداثيات 40°48′33″N 96°40′41″W / 40.809166666667°N 96.678055555556°W / 40.809166666667; -96.678055555556   [1] تاريخ التأسيس 1856  سبب التسمية أبراهام لينكون  تقسيم إداري  البلد الولايات المتحدة[2][3]  التقسيم الأعلى مق…

Kerikil

Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: Kerikil – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR Batu kerikil (ukuran serpihan terbesar kira-kira 4 cm) Kerikil (Inggris: gravel) ialah bebatuan kecil, biasanya batu granit yang dipecahkan. U…

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya