Hafiz (Quran)

Hafiz (/ˈhɑːfɪz/; Arabic: حافظ, romanized: ḥāfiẓ, pl. ḥuffāẓ حُفَّاظ, f. ḥāfiẓa حافظة), literally meaning "protector", depending on the context, is a term used by Muslims for someone who has completely memorized the Quran. Hafiza is the female equivalent.^[1]

A hafiz is given great respect by the people of the community with titles such as "Hafiz Sahb" (Sir Hafiz), "Ustadh" (أُسْتَاذ) (Teacher), and occasionally Sheikh (شَيْخ).^[2]

Importance

Hifz is the memorization of the Quran. Muslims believe that whoever memorizes the Quran and acts upon it will be rewarded and honoured greatly by Allah, as Abdullah ibn Amr narrated that the Messenger of Allah said: “It shall be said — meaning to the one who memorized the Qur'an — 'Recite, and rise up, recite (melodiously) as you would recite in the world. Indeed your rank shall be at the last Āyah you recited” (Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2914)^[3]

Having memorised the Quran, the hafiz or hafiza must then ensure they do not forget it. Ensuring perfect recall of all the learned verses requires constant practice.^[4] The memorisation of the Quran was important to Muslims in the past and also in the present.^[5] Yearly, thousands of students master the Quran and complete the book with interpretation and also memorisation. The Quran is the only book, religious or secular, that has been memorized completely by millions of people.^[6]

In Pakistan alone, Qari Hafeez Jalandhari, the general secretary of the Wafaq-ul-Madaris, which is a central board accounting for most of the religious seminaries in Pakistan adhering to Deobandi sect, says that, in its network of madaris, "one million children have become Hafiz-e-Quran after an exam was introduced in 1982", with more than 78,000 (including 14,000 girls) every year, which he compared to the yearly output of Saudi Arabia, which is 5,000.^[7]

Cultural differences

For Muslims who are attempting to memorize certain surah but are unfamiliar with the Arabic script, the ulema have made various elucidations. There are mixed opinions on the usage of romanization of Arabic due to concerns about mispronunciations, higher approval of writing systems with close consonantal and vocalic equivalents to classical Arabic or relevant and effective diacritics, and a preference for Quran tutors or recorded recitations from qurrāʾ or any device with clear audible sound storage technology, such as CDs or cassettes.^[8]

Keeping the Quran memorized has always been a challenging and, at the same time, an important issue in Muslim countries. In Iran, according to Resolution 573 of the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution, there is at least one specialized examination of the preservation of the Quran each year, according to specific criteria. The reviewer of this evaluation is Dar al-Qur'an al-Karim, a subsidiary of the Islamic Advertising Organization. According to Article 5 of the above Decree, holders of specialized qualifications for memorizing the Quran will enjoy the benefits of one to five art degrees, subject to the approval of the 547th session of the Supreme Council for Cultural Revolution. Therefore, the approval of the Qualification Degrees 1 to 5 of the Quran is in line with the Doctoral, Master's, Bachelor, Associate's Diploma, and Diploma degrees, respectively. ^[9]

References

^ Ludwig W. Adamec (2009), Historical Dictionary of Islam, pp.113-114. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0810861615.
^ Sheikhupuri, Muhammad Aslam (2014-01-06). Guide Book for Huffaz: Quranic Memorisation Guide for Students. ScribeDigital.com. ISBN 978-1-78041-058-6.
^ at-Tirmidhi, Mohammad ibn Eisa; Khallyl, Abu; Ali Za'i, Zubair (2007). ُEnglish Translation of Jami' at-Tirmidhi. Darussalam. pp. 245–246. ISBN 978-9960-9967-8-3.
^ Wajihuddin, Mohammed (22 Oct 2005). "The Messengers: Reward of the faithful". The Times of India. Retrieved 29 July 2013.
^ Sheikhupuri, Muhammad Aslam (2014-01-06). Guide Book for Huffaz: Quranic Memorisation Guide for Students. ScribeDigital.com. ISBN 978-1-78041-058-6.
^ William Graham (1993), Beyond the Written Word, UK: Cambridge University Press, p.80.
^ Naya Din (10 April 2019), "Online Quran Hifz Guide", Reports. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
^ The Multiple Realities of Multilingualism, Page 159, Elka Todeva, Jasone Cenoz - 2009
^ Supreme Council of, The Cultural Revolution. "شورای عالی انقلاب فرهنگی". sccr.ir. Supreme Council of The Cultural Revolution. Retrieved 27 October 2023.