This is a list of Hungarian Jews. There has been a Jewish presence in today's Hungary since Roman times (bar a brief expulsion during the Black Death), long before the actual Hungarian nation. Jews fared particularly well under the Ottoman Empire, and after emancipation in 1867. At its height, the Jewish population of historical Hungary numbered more than 900,000, but the Holocaust and emigration, especially during the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, has reduced that to around 100,000, most of whom live in Budapest and its suburbs.
This is a list of anyone who could be reliably described as "Hungarian" and is of significant Jewish heritage (ethnic or religious). See List of Hungarian Americans for descendants of Hungarian émigrés born in America, a significant number of whom are of Jewish ancestry.
The names are presented in the Western European convention of the given name preceding the family name, whereas in Hungary, the reverse is true, as in most Asian cultures.
Historical figures
Leó Frankel, one of the leaders of the Paris Commune
Gyula Germanus, islamologist, (non-Jewish mother, Jewish father)
László Fábián, sprint canoer, Olympic champion (K-2 10,000 meter), 4x world champion (3x K-2 10,000 meter and 1x K-4 10,000 meter) and one silver (K-4 10,000 meter)[3]
Imre Farkas, sprint canoer, 2x Olympic bronze (C-2 1,000 and 10,000 meter)[3]
Klára Fried-Bánfalvi, sprint canoer, Olympic bronze (K-2 500 m), world champion (K-2 500 m)[4]
Anna Pfeffer, sprint canoer, Olympic 2x silver (K-2 500 m), bronze (K-1 500 m); world champion (K-2 500 m), silver (K-4 500 m), 2x bronze (K-2 500)[5]
Fencing
Péter Bakonyi (born "Buchwald", 1938), saber, Olympic 3x bronze
Ilona Elek (née "Schacherer"; 1907–1988), foil fencer; Olympic gold-medal winner, and world champion, both before and after World War II
Dr. Dezső Földes (1880–1950), saber, 2x Olympic champion
Dr. Jenő Fuchs (1882–1955), saber, 4x Olympic champion[6]
Peter Fuzes, born in Hungary; soccer goalkeeper for Sydney Hakoah club and Australia, Maccabi Hall of Fame 2003. Played 1st grade 1964 till 1976; International career from 1966 to 1972, against Scotland 1967, Greece 1969, Israel 1969 & 1972. Played against various European club sides including AS ROMA 1966, Manchester United.
Andrea Gyarmati, Olympic silver (100-m backstroke) and bronze (100-m butterfly); world championships bronze (200-m backstroke), International Swimming Hall of Fame[12] (both parents half-Jewish)
Alfréd Hajós (born "Arnold Guttmann"), 3x Olympic champion (100-m freestyle, 800-m freestyle relay, 1,500-m freestyle), International Swimming Hall of Fame[9]
András Székely, Olympic silver (200-m breaststroke) and bronze (4x200-m freestyle relay); died in a Nazi concentration camp
Éva Székely, Olympic champion & silver (200-m breaststroke); International Swimming Hall of Fame; mother of Andrea Gyarmati[12] (mother Jewish, father Roman Catholic szekler)
Ferenc Kemény, co-founder and first secretary of the IOC[21]
László Bartók, Rowing (Paris 1924 eight and coxed four, Amsterdam 1928 coxed four) and 1932 men's coxless four European Rowing Champion[22][23]
Olympic gold medalists at the Summer Games
Period
1896-1912
1924-1936
1948-1956
1960-1972
1976-1992 (1984 excluded)
1996-2008
# of Olympics
5
4
3
4
4
4
Total Golds
442
482
440
684
903
1172
Hungarian Golds
11
22
35
32
33
26
Hungarian/total World
2.49%
4.56%
7.95%
4.68%
3.65%
2.22%
Hungarian Individual Gold
9
17
26
22
27
16
Hungarian Jewish Individual
5
3
6
4
0
0
Jewish/total individual Hungarian
55.56%
17.65%
23.08%
18.18%
0%
0%
Jews in Gold Teams
57.14% = 8/14
28.21%= 11/39
Jews in population
5.0% (1910)
5.12% (1930)
1.45% (1949)
0.13% (2001)
Before the Holocaust
Hungarian Jews, while comprising some 5% of the population of Hungary, won 8 individual gold medals for Hungary out of 26 (30.8%) in the Olympic sports events between 1896 and 1936. In each of the 7 gold winning teams, there were Hungarian Jews making up 35.8% of the teams (19 out of 53 team members).
Dr.Jenő Fuchs (2), fencing, individual saber, team saber
Dr. Oszkár Gerde, fencing, team saber
Lajos Werkner, fencing, team saber
Richard Weisz, Greco-Roman wrestling, heavyweight
1912
Dezső Földes, fencing, team saber
Dr. Jenő Fuchs (2), fencing, individual saber, team saber
Dr. Oszkár Gerde, fencing, team saber
Lajos Werkner, fencing, team saber
1924
Alfred Hajós, Olympic art competition, architecture
Gyula Halasy, Gold Medal, Individual Trap Competition
1928
János Garay, fencing, team saber
Dr. Sándor Gombos, fencing, team saber
Attila Petschauer, fencing, team saber
Dr. Ferenc Mező, Olympic art competition, epic works
1932
István Barta, water polo
György Brody, water polo
Miklós Sárkány, water polo
Endre Kabos, fencing, team saber
Attila Petschauer, fencing, team saber
1936
György Bródy, water polo
Miklos Sárkány, water polo
Endre Kabos (2), fencing, individual saber, team saber
Ilona Elek, individual foil
Károly Kárpáti, freestyle wrestling, lightweight
After the Holocaust, 1948-1972
After the Holocaust, less than 1% of the population of Hungary remained of Jewish heritage.
In individual sports events, Hungary won 48 gold medals between 1948 and 1972. Sportsmen and mainly sportswomen of Jewish extraction won 10 gold medals (20.8%). Hungarian Jewish women won 7 gold medals out of the 15 individual gold medals won by Hungarian women. In the 19 gold medal-winning teams for Hungary, 9 had Jewish members.
There are no known Hungarian Jewish gold medalist since 1976. Overall, Hungarian Jews won 15.4% of the 117 individual gold medals of Hungary, and had part in at least 16 out of the 42 gold medals in team events.
Nickolas Muray, photographer, born Miklós Mandl, Szeged HU, 1892-1965 New York City, and Olympic fencer.[29] Known for his advances in commercial photography, most notably the first use of color film.
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