List of bridges in the United States
This is a list of the major current and former bridges in the United States. For a more expansive list, see List of bridges in the United States by state .
Major bridges
This table presents a non-exhaustive list of the road and railway bridges with spans greater than 300 metres (984 ft).
Name
Span
Length
Type
CarriesCrosses
Opened
Location
State
Ref.
1
Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge
1,298 m (4,260 ft)
4,176 m (13,701 ft)
Suspension 2 levels steel truss deck, steel pylons 7+6 lanes 370+1298+370
1964
New York City Staten Island –Brooklyn 40°36′23″N 74°2′43.2″W / 40.60639°N 74.045333°W / 40.60639; -74.045333 (Verrazano-Narrows Bridge )
New York
[ Note 1] [ 2] [ 3]
2
Golden Gate Bridge
1,280 m (4,200 ft)
2,737 m (8,980 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2x3 lanes 343+1280+343
1937
San Francisco –Sausalito 37°49′9.5″N 122°28′43.9″W / 37.819306°N 122.478861°W / 37.819306; -122.478861 (Golden Gate Bridge )
California
[ Note 2] [ 7] [ 8] [ 9]
3
Mackinac Bridge
1,158 m (3,800 ft)
8,038 m (26,371 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2x2 lanes 548+1158+548
1957
Mackinaw City –St. Ignace 45°48′56″N 84°43′40.6″W / 45.81556°N 84.727944°W / 45.81556; -84.727944 (Mackinac Bridge )
Michigan
[ 10] [ 11] [ 12]
4
George Washington Bridge
1,067 m (3,500 ft)
1,451 m (4,760 ft)
Suspension 2 levels steel truss deck, steel pylons 8+6 lanes 186+1067+198
1931
New York City –Fort Lee 40°51′6.2″N 73°57′9.8″W / 40.851722°N 73.952722°W / 40.851722; -73.952722 (George Washington Bridge )
New York New Jersey
[ Note 3] [ 8] [ 14] [ 15]
5
Tacoma Narrows Bridge (1950) East bridge
853 m (2,800 ft)
1,822 m (5,978 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 3 lanes 335+853+335
1950
Tacoma 47°16′5.6″N 122°33′0.7″W / 47.268222°N 122.550194°W / 47.268222; -122.550194 (Tacoma Narrows Bridge (1950) )
Washington
[ 16] [ 17]
6
Tacoma Narrows Bridge West bridge
853 m (2,800 ft)
1,646 m (5,400 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, concrete pylons 3 lanes 427+853+366
2007
Tacoma 47°16′4.4″N 122°33′2.8″W / 47.267889°N 122.550778°W / 47.267889; -122.550778 (Tacoma Narrows Bridge (2007) )
Washington
[ 18] [ 19] [ 20]
7
Gordie Howe International Bridge under construction
853 m (2,800 ft)
2,500 m (8,200 ft)
Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons 2x3 lanes
2025
Detroit –Windsor 42°17′14.3″N 83°05′53.1″W / 42.287306°N 83.098083°W / 42.287306; -83.098083 (Gordie Howe International Bridge )
Michigan Canada
[ 21]
8
Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge
728 m (2,388 ft)
1,056 m (3,465 ft)
Suspension Steel box girder deck, concrete pylons 4 lanes 148+728+183
2003
Vallejo –Crockett 38°3′39.7″N 122°13′35.5″W / 38.061028°N 122.226528°W / 38.061028; -122.226528 (Al Zampa Memorial Bridge )
California
[ 22] [ 23] [ 24]
9
San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge West bridge
704 m (2,310 ft) (x2)
3,141 m (10,305 ft)
Suspension 2 levels steel truss deck, steel pylons 2x5 lanes 357+704+353+52 +353+704+353
1936
San Francisco –Yerba Buena Island 37°48′12.2″N 122°22′18.9″W / 37.803389°N 122.371917°W / 37.803389; -122.371917 (San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge (northbound) )
California
[ 25] [ 26]
10
Bronx–Whitestone Bridge
701 m (2,300 ft)
2,242 m (7,356 ft)
Suspension Steel girder deck, steel pylons 2x3 lanes 224+701+224
1939
New York City The Bronx –Queens 40°48′6.7″N 73°49′47.2″W / 40.801861°N 73.829778°W / 40.801861; -73.829778 (Pont de Bronx–Whitestone )
New York
[ 27] [ 28]
11
Delaware Memorial Bridge
655 m (2,150 ft)
3,291 m (10,797 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons Twin bridges 4 lanes 229+655+229
1951 1968
New Castle –Pennsville 39°41′18.2″N 75°31′6.2″W / 39.688389°N 75.518389°W / 39.688389; -75.518389 (Delaware Memorial Bridge (southbound) )
Delaware New Jersey
[ 29] [ 30]
12
Walt Whitman Bridge
610 m (2,000 ft)
3,652 m (11,982 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 3+4 lanes 235+610+235
1957
Philadelphia –Gloucester City 39°54′18.7″N 75°7′46.1″W / 39.905194°N 75.129472°W / 39.905194; -75.129472 (Walt Whitman Bridge )
Pennsylvania New Jersey
[ 31] [ 32]
13
Ambassador Bridge
564 m (1,850 ft)
2,286 m (7,500 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2x2 lanes
1929
Detroit –Windsor 42°18′43.2″N 83°4′27.2″W / 42.312000°N 83.074222°W / 42.312000; -83.074222 (Ambassador Bridge )
Michigan Canada
[ Note 4] [ 33] [ 34]
14
Throgs Neck Bridge
549 m (1,800 ft)
3,430 m (11,250 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2x3 lanes 169+549+169
1961
New York City The Bronx –Queens 40°48′0.9″N 73°47′36″W / 40.800250°N 73.79333°W / 40.800250; -73.79333 (Throgs Neck Bridge )
New York
[ 35] [ 36]
15
Benjamin Franklin Bridge
534 m (1,750 ft)
2,273 m (7,457 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 3+4 lanes 2 railway tracks 218+534+218
1926
Philadelphia –Camden 39°57′10.5″N 75°8′3.3″W / 39.952917°N 75.134250°W / 39.952917; -75.134250 (Benjamin Franklin Bridge )
Pennsylvania New Jersey
[ Note 5] [ 8] [ 37]
16
New River Gorge Bridge
518 m (1,700 ft)
924 m (3,031 ft)
Arch Steel deck arch 2x2 lanes
1977
Fayetteville 38°4′8.6″N 81°4′58.2″W / 38.069056°N 81.082833°W / 38.069056; -81.082833 (New River Gorge Bridge )
West Virginia
[ Note 6] [ 39]
17
Bayonne Bridge
510 m (1,670 ft)
1,762 m (5,781 ft)
Arch Steel through arch 2x2 lanes
1931
New York City –Bayonne 40°38′30.7″N 74°8′31.5″W / 40.641861°N 74.142083°W / 40.641861; -74.142083 (Bayonne Bridge )
New York New Jersey
[ Note 7] [ 41] [ 42]
18
Harbor Bridge Project under construction
506.4 m (1,661 ft)
3,298 m (10,820 ft)
Cable-stayed Concrete box girder deck, concrete pylons 2x3 lanes 248+506+248
2025
Corpus Christi 27°48′48.7″N 97°23′57.9″W / 27.813528°N 97.399417°W / 27.813528; -97.399417 (Harbor Bridge Project )
Texas
[ 43] [ 44] [ 45]
19
Commodore Barry Bridge
501 m (1,644 ft)
4,240 m (13,910 ft)
Cantilever Steel 2+3 lanes 251+501+251
1974
Chester –Bridgeport 39°49′42.2″N 75°22′17.3″W / 39.828389°N 75.371472°W / 39.828389; -75.371472 (Commodore Barry Bridge )
Pennsylvania New Jersey
[ 46] [ 47]
20
Bear Mountain Bridge
497 m (1,631 ft)
688 m (2,257 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2x2 lanes 64+497+64
1924
Bear Mountain State Park –Cortlandt 41°19′11.3″N 73°58′59.7″W / 41.319806°N 73.983250°W / 41.319806; -73.983250 (Pont de Bear Mountain )
New York
[ Note 8] [ 50] [ 51] [ 52]
21
Williamsburg Bridge
488 m (1,600 ft)
2,227 m (7,306 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2x4 lanes 2 subway lanes
1903
New York City Manhattan –Brooklyn 40°42′48.4″N 73°58′18.6″W / 40.713444°N 73.971833°W / 40.713444; -73.971833 (Williamsburg Bridge )
New York
[ Note 9] [ 54] [ 55]
22
Chesapeake Bay Bridge South bridge
488 m (1,600 ft)
6,484 m (21,273 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2 lanes 201+488+201
1952
Anne Arundel County –Queen Anne's County 38°59′35.4″N 76°22′55.3″W / 38.993167°N 76.382028°W / 38.993167; -76.382028 (W. Preston Lane Memorial Bridge (southbound) )
Maryland
[ 56] [ 57]
23
Chesapeake Bay Bridge North bridge
488 m (1,600 ft)
6,415 m (21,047 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 3 lanes
1973
Anne Arundel County –Queen Anne's County 38°59′39.6″N 76°22′53.9″W / 38.994333°N 76.381639°W / 38.994333; -76.381639 (W. Preston Lane Memorial Bridge (northbound) )
Maryland
[ 56]
24
Claiborne Pell Newport Bridge
488 m (1,600 ft)
3,428 m (11,247 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2x2 lanes 210+488+210
1969
Newport –Jamestown 41°30′17.9″N 71°20′55.1″W / 41.504972°N 71.348639°W / 41.504972; -71.348639 (Claiborne Pell Bridge )
Rhode Island
[ 57]
25
Brooklyn Bridge
486 m (1,594 ft)
1,825 m (5,988 ft)
Suspension with cable-stays Steel truss deck, masonry pylons 2+3 lanes 283+486+283
1883
New York City Manhattan –Brooklyn 40°42′20.4″N 73°59′46.8″W / 40.705667°N 73.996333°W / 40.705667; -73.996333 (Brooklyn Bridge )
New York
[ Note 10] [ 61]
26
John James Audubon Bridge
482 m (1,581 ft)
3,927 m (12,884 ft)
Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons 2x2 lanes 195+482+195
2011
Pointe Coupee Parish –West Feliciana Parish 30°43′13.2″N 91°21′5.1″W / 30.720333°N 91.351417°W / 30.720333; -91.351417 (John James Audubon Bridge )
Louisiana
[ 62]
27
Crescent City Connection
480 m (1,575 ft)
4,093 m (13,428 ft)
Cantilever Steel Twin bridges 2x4 lanes 260+486+180
1958 1988
New Orleans 29°56′16.1″N 90°3′23.6″W / 29.937806°N 90.056556°W / 29.937806; -90.056556 (Crescent City Connection )
Louisiana
[ 63] [ 64]
28
Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge
471 m (1,545 ft)
4,023.3 m (13,200 ft)
Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons 2x4 lanes 198+471+198
2005
Charleston –Mount Pleasant 32°48′10.5″N 79°54′55.3″W / 32.802917°N 79.915361°W / 32.802917; -79.915361 (Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge )
South Carolina
[ 65] [ 66] [ 67]
29
Vincent Thomas Bridge
457 m (1,500 ft)
1,848 m (6,063 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2x2 lanes 154+457+154
1963
Los Angeles San Pedro –Terminal Island 33°44′58″N 118°16′17.8″W / 33.74944°N 118.271611°W / 33.74944; -118.271611 (Vincent Thomas Bridge )
California
[ 68] [ 69]
30
Stan Musial Veterans Memorial Bridge
457 m (1,500 ft)
854 m (2,800 ft)
Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons 2x2 lanes 194+457+194
2014
St. Louis –St. Clair County 38°38′45.1″N 90°10′41.8″W / 38.645861°N 90.178278°W / 38.645861; -90.178278 (New Mississippi River Bridge )
Missouri Missouri
[ 70] [ 71]
31
Mid-Hudson Bridge
456 m (1,495 ft)
914 m (2,999 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 3 lanes 228+456+230
1930
Highland –Poughkeepsie 41°42′10.3″N 73°56′46.4″W / 41.702861°N 73.946222°W / 41.702861; -73.946222 (Mid-Hudson Bridge )
New York
[ 72] [ 73] [ 74]
32
Manhattan Bridge
448 m (1,470 ft)
2,089 m (6,854 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 7 road lanes 4 railway tracks
1909
New York City Manhattan –Brooklyn 40°42′24.4″N 73°59′25.5″W / 40.706778°N 73.990417°W / 40.706778; -73.990417 (Manhattan Bridge )
New York
[ Note 11]
33
Gramercy Bridge
445 m (1,460 ft)
945 m (3,100 ft)
Cantilever Steel 2x2 lanes
1995
Gramercy –Wallace 30°2′47.6″N 90°40′22.9″W / 30.046556°N 90.673028°W / 30.046556; -90.673028 (Gramercy Bridge )
Louisiana
34
Robert F. Kennedy Bridge
421 m (1,380 ft)
4,212 m (13,819 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2x4 lanes 205+421+205
1936
New York City Manhattan –Queens 40°46′46.5″N 73°55′35.7″W / 40.779583°N 73.926583°W / 40.779583; -73.926583 (Triborough Bridge )
New York
[ Note 12] [ 78] [ 79]
35
Greenville Bridge
420 m (1,380 ft)
4,133 m (13,560 ft)
Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons 2x2 lanes 181+420+181
2010
Refuge –Shives 33°17′13.2″N 91°9′15.3″W / 33.287000°N 91.154250°W / 33.287000; -91.154250 (Greenville Bridge )
Mississippi Arkansas
[ 80] [ 81]
36
Sam Houston Ship Channel Bridge Replacementunder construction
402.4 m (1,320 ft)
3,500 m (11,500 ft)
Cable-stayed 2x4 lanes
2025
Harris County, Texas 29°44′10.1″N 95°08′48″W / 29.736139°N 95.14667°W / 29.736139; -95.14667 (Sam Houston Ship Channel Bridge Replacement )
Texas
[ 82] [ 83]
37
Dames Point Bridge
396 m (1,300 ft)
3,245 m (10,646 ft)
Cable-stayed Concrete deck, concrete pylons 2x3 lanes 198+396+198
1989
Jacksonville 30°23′4.1″N 81°33′24.8″W / 30.384472°N 81.556889°W / 30.384472; -81.556889 (Dames Point Bridge )
Florida
[ 84]
38
San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge East bridge
385 m (1,263 ft)
3,540 m (11,610 ft)
Suspension Self-anchored , steel box girder deck, 1 steel pylon 2x5 lanes 385+180
2013
San Francisco –Oakland 37°48′59.0″N 122°21′24.2″W / 37.816389°N 122.356722°W / 37.816389; -122.356722 (San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge (East bridge) )
California
[ 85] [ 86] [ 87]
39
Fremont Bridge
382 m (1,255 ft)
656 m (2,152 ft)
Arch 2 levels steel through arch 2x4 lanes 137+382+137
1973
Portland 45°32′16.6″N 122°40′58.6″W / 45.537944°N 122.682944°W / 45.537944; -122.682944 (Fremont Bridge )
Oregon
[ 88] [ 89] [ 90]
40
Sidney Lanier Bridge
381 m (1,250 ft)
2,371 m (7,779 ft)
Cable-stayed Concrete deck, concrete pylons 2x2 lanes 190+381+190
2003
Brunswick 31°6′57.6″N 81°29′6.5″W / 31.116000°N 81.485139°W / 31.116000; -81.485139 (Sidney Lanier Bridge )
Georgia
[ 91] [ 92]
41
Fred Hartman Bridge
381 m (1,250 ft)
4,185 m (13,730 ft)
Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons Twin bridges 2x4 lanes 147+381+147
1995
Baytown –La Porte 29°42′13.7″N 95°1′0.3″W / 29.703806°N 95.016750°W / 29.703806; -95.016750 (Fred Hartman Bridge )
Texas
[ 93] [ 94]
42
Astoria–Megler Bridge
376 m (1,234 ft)
6,545 m (21,473 ft)
Truss Steel 2 lanes 189+376+189
1966
Astoria –Megler 46°11′37″N 123°51′3.2″W / 46.19361°N 123.850889°W / 46.19361; -123.850889 (Astoria–Megler Bridge )
Oregon Washington
[ 95]
43
Horace Wilkinson Bridge
376 m (1,234 ft)
4,313 m (14,150 ft)
Cantilever Steel 2x3 lanes
1968
Baton Rouge –Port Allen 30°26′22.6″N 91°11′55.3″W / 30.439611°N 91.198694°W / 30.439611; -91.198694 (Horace Wilkinson Bridge )
Louisiana
44
Hale Boggs Memorial Bridge
372 m (1,220 ft)
3,261 m (10,699 ft)
Cable-stayed Steel box girder deck, steel pylons 2x2 lanes 151+372+155
1983
Luling –Destrehan 29°56′28.2″N 90°22′29″W / 29.941167°N 90.37472°W / 29.941167; -90.37472 (Hale Boggs Memorial Bridge )
Louisiana
[ 96] [ 97]
45
Tappan Zee Bridge
370 m (1,215 ft)
4,989 m (16,368 ft)
Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons Twin bridges 2x5 lanes 157+366+157
2017
Tarrytown –South Nyack 41°04′16.2″N 73°52′51.9″W / 41.071167°N 73.881083°W / 41.071167; -73.881083 (Tappan Zee Bridge )
New York
[ 98] [ 99] [ 100]
46
St. Johns Bridge
368 m (1,207 ft)
1,168 m (3,832 ft)
Suspension Steel girder deck, steel pylons 2x2 lanes 131+368+131
1931
Portland 45°35′6.8″N 122°45′53.1″W / 45.585222°N 122.764750°W / 45.585222; -122.764750 (St. Johns Bridge )
Oregon
[ 101] [ 102]
47
Mount Hope Bridge
366 m (1,200 ft)
1,868 m (6,129 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2 lanes 154+366+154
1929
Portsmouth –Bristol 41°38′23.3″N 71°15′29.7″W / 41.639806°N 71.258250°W / 41.639806; -71.258250 (Mount Hope Bridge )
Rhode Island
[ Note 13] [ 104]
48
Lewis and Clark Bridge (Columbia River)
366 m (1,200 ft)
830 m (2,725 ft)
Cantilever Steel 2 lanes
1930
Longview –Rainier 46°6′17.1″N 122°57′42.8″W / 46.104750°N 122.961889°W / 46.104750; -122.961889 (Lewis and Clark Bridge (Columbia River) )
Washington Oregon
49
Sunshine Skyway Bridge
366 m (1,200 ft)
6,700 m (22,000 ft)
Cable-stayed Concrete box girder deck, concrete pylons 2x2 lanes 165+367+165
1987
St. Petersburg –Terra Ceia 27°37′13.5″N 82°39′20″W / 27.620417°N 82.65556°W / 27.620417; -82.65556 (Bob Graham Sunshine Skyway Bridge )
Florida
[ 105] [ 106]
50
William H. Natcher Bridge
366 m (1,200 ft)
1,373 m (4,505 ft)
Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons 2x2 lanes 152+366+152
2002
Rockport –Maceo 37°54′8.8″N 87°2′6.3″W / 37.902444°N 87.035083°W / 37.902444; -87.035083 (William H. Natcher Bridge )
Indiana Kentucky
[ 107] [ 108]
51
Lewis and Clark Bridge (Ohio River)
366 m (1,201 ft)
762 m (2,500 ft)
Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons 2x2 lanes 164+365+164
2016
Prospect –Utica 38°20′33.5″N 85°38′35.4″W / 38.342639°N 85.643167°W / 38.342639; -85.643167 (Lewis and Clark Bridge (Ohio River) )
Kentucky Indiana
[ 109] [ 110]
52
Queensboro Bridge
360 m (1,180 ft)
1,135 m (3,724 ft)
Cantilever 2 levels, steel 4+5 lanes 143+360+192+285 +140
1909
New York City Manhattan –Queens 40°45′28.3″N 73°57′24.9″W / 40.757861°N 73.956917°W / 40.757861; -73.956917 (Queensboro Bridge )
New York
[ Note 14] [ 114]
53
Penobscot Narrows Bridge
354 m (1,161 ft)
646 m (2,119 ft)
Cable-stayed Concrete box girder deck, concrete pylons 2 lanes 146+354+146
2006
Prospect –Verona Island 44°33′35.9″N 68°48′6.2″W / 44.559972°N 68.801722°W / 44.559972; -68.801722 (Penobscot Narrows Bridge )
Maine
[ 115] [ 116] [ 117]
54
Ogdensburg–Prescott International Bridge
351 m (1,150 ft)
2,248 m (7,375 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2 lanes 152+351+152
1960
Ogdensburg –Johnstown 44°44′06.5″N 75°27′33.3″W / 44.735139°N 75.459250°W / 44.735139; -75.459250 (Ogdensburg–Prescott International Bridge )
New York Canada
[ 118] [ 119]
55
Bill Emerson Memorial Bridge
351 m (1,152 ft)
1,206 m (3,957 ft)
Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons 2x2 lanes 143+351+143
2003
Cape Girardeau –East Cape Girardeau 37°17′42.7″N 89°31′4.1″W / 37.295194°N 89.517806°W / 37.295194; -89.517806 (Bill Emerson Memorial Bridge )
Missouri Illinois
[ 120]
56
Bidwell Bar Bridge
338 m (1,109 ft)
546 m (1,791 ft)
Suspension Steel truss deck, steel pylons 2 lanes
1965
Oroville 39°32′59.9″N 121°25′47.9″W / 39.549972°N 121.429972°W / 39.549972; -121.429972 (Bidwell Bar Bridge )
California
57
Carquinez Bridge East bridge
335 m (1,099 ft)
1,000 m (3,300 ft)
Cantilever Steel 4 lanes 152+335+45+335 +152
1927 1958
Vallejo –Crockett 38°3′39.8″N 122°13′31″W / 38.061056°N 122.22528°W / 38.061056; -122.22528 (Carquinez Bridge )
California
[ Note 15] [ 121] [ 122]
58
Talmadge Memorial Bridge
335 m (1,099 ft)
3,060 m (10,040 ft)
Cable-stayed Concrete deck, concrete pylons 2x2 lanes
1991
Savannah 32°5′18.4″N 81°5′57″W / 32.088444°N 81.09917°W / 32.088444; -81.09917 (Talmadge Memorial Bridge )
Georgia
59
Hart Bridge
332 m (1,089 ft)
1,171 m (3,842 ft)
Truss Steel, suspended deck 2x2 lanes
1967
Jacksonville 30°18′57.6″N 81°37′39.4″W / 30.316000°N 81.627611°W / 30.316000; -81.627611 (Hart Bridge )
Florida
60
Deer Isle Bridge
329 m (1,080 ft)
743 m (2,438 ft)
Suspension Steel girder deck, steel pylons 2 lanes 147+329+147
1939
Sedgwick –Little Deer Isle 44°17′39.2″N 68°41′19.3″W / 44.294222°N 68.688694°W / 44.294222; -68.688694 (Deer Isle Bridge )
Maine
[ 123] [ 124] [ 125]
61
Theodore Roosevelt Lake Bridge
329 m (1,079 ft)
670 m (2,200 ft)
Arch Steel through arch 2 lanes
1990
Gila County –Maricopa County 33°40′26″N 111°9′25.1″W / 33.67389°N 111.156972°W / 33.67389; -111.156972 (Roosevelt Lake Bridge )
Arizona
[ 126]
62
Richmond–San Rafael Bridge
326 m (1,070 ft) (x2)
8,851 m (29,039 ft)
Cantilever 2 levels, steel 2+3 lanes 2x(164+326+164)
1956
San Rafael –Richmond 37°56′1.9″N 122°25′37.3″W / 37.933861°N 122.427028°W / 37.933861; -122.427028 (Richmond-San Rafael Bridge )
California
[ 127] [ 128]
63
Simon Kenton Memorial Bridge
323 m (1,060 ft)
607 m (1,991 ft)
Suspension Steel girder deck, steel pylons 2 lanes 142+323+142
1932
Maysville –Aberdeen 38°38′59.5″N 83°45′34.5″W / 38.649861°N 83.759583°W / 38.649861; -83.759583 (Simon Kenton Bridge )
Kentucky Ohio
[ 129]
64
Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge
323 m (1,060 ft)
579 m (1,900 ft)
Arch Concrete deck arch 2x2 lanes
2010
Clark County –Mohave County 36°0′44.8″N 114°44′29.4″W / 36.012444°N 114.741500°W / 36.012444; -114.741500 (Mike O'Callaghan-Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge )
Nevada Arizona
[ 130] [ 131]
65
John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge
322 m (1,056 ft)
686 m (2,251 ft)
Suspension with cable-stays Steel truss deck, masonry pylons 2 lanes 89+322+90
1866
Cincinnati –Covington 39°5′34.3″N 84°30′35.3″W / 39.092861°N 84.509806°W / 39.092861; -84.509806 (John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge )
Ohio Kentucky
[ Note 16] [ 133]
66
Dent Bridge
320 m (1,050 ft)
472 m (1,549 ft)
Suspension Steel girder deck, steel pylons 2 lanes
1971
Clearwater County 46°36′9.2″N 116°10′42.2″W / 46.602556°N 116.178389°W / 46.602556; -116.178389 (Dent Bridge )
Idaho
67
William H. Harsha Bridge
320 m (1,050 ft)
710 m (2,330 ft)
Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons 2 lanes 38+122+320+122+38
2000
Maysville –Aberdeen 38°41′4.5″N 83°46′54.7″W / 38.684583°N 83.781861°W / 38.684583; -83.781861 (William H. Harsha Bridge )
Kentucky Ohio
[ 134]
68
Glen Canyon Dam Bridge
313 m (1,027 ft)
387 m (1,270 ft)
Arch Steel deck arch 2 lanes
1959
Coconino County 36°56′8.5″N 111°28′59.8″W / 36.935694°N 111.483278°W / 36.935694; -111.483278 (Glen Canyon Dam Bridge )
Arizona
[ 135] [ 136]
69
Wheeling Suspension Bridge
308 m (1,010 ft)
308 m (1,010 ft)
Suspension with cable-stays Steel truss deck, masonry pylons
1849
Wheeling 40°4′12.9″N 80°43′35.1″W / 40.070250°N 80.726417°W / 40.070250; -80.726417 (Wheeling Suspension Bridge )
West Virginia
[ Note 17] [ 138]
70
Lewiston–Queenston Bridge
305 m (1,000 ft)
488 m (1,601 ft)
Arch Steel deck arch 5 lanes
1962
Lewiston –Queenston 43°09′11.2″N 79°02′40.5″W / 43.153111°N 79.044583°W / 43.153111; -79.044583 (Lewiston–Queenston Bridge )
New York Canada
[ 139]
71
Newburgh–Beacon Bridge
305 m (1,000 ft)
2,394 m (7,854 ft)
Cantilever Steel Twin bridges 2x3 lanes 183+305+183
1963 1980
Newburgh –Beacon 41°31′12.1″N 74°0′0.1″W / 41.520028°N 74.000028°W / 41.520028; -74.000028 (Newburgh-Beacon Bridge )
New York
[ 140] [ 141] [ 142]
72
Long Beach International Gateway
305 m (1,000 ft)
2,682 m (8,799 ft)
Cable-stayed Composite steel/concrete deck, concrete pylons 2x3 lanes 152+305+152
2020
Long Beach –Terminal Island 33°45′53.8″N 118°13′16.4″W / 33.764944°N 118.221222°W / 33.764944; -118.221222 (Harbor Bridge Project )
California
[ 143] [ 144]
73
Hell Gate Bridge
303 m (995 ft)
5,182 m (17,001 ft)
Arch Steel through arch 3 railway tracks
1917
New York City The Bronx –Queens 40°46′56.6″N 73°55′18.4″W / 40.782389°N 73.921778°W / 40.782389; -73.921778 (Hell Gate Bridge )
New York
[ 145]
74
Perrine Bridge
303 m (994 ft)
457 m (1,499 ft)
Arch Steel deck arch 2x2 lanes
1974
Twin Falls 42°36′2.9″N 114°27′12.6″W / 42.600806°N 114.453500°W / 42.600806; -114.453500 (Perrine Bridge )
Idaho
This table presents a non-exhaustive list of the former road and railway bridges with spans greater than 300 metres (984 ft).
Name
Span
Length
Type
CarriesCrosses
Opened
Location
State
Ref.
1
Tacoma Narrows Bridge (1940) collapsed in 1940
853 m (2,800 ft)
1,810 m (5,940 ft)
Suspension Steel girder deck, steel pylons 2 lanes 335+853+335
1940
Tacoma 47°16′0″N 122°33′0″W / 47.26667°N 122.55000°W / 47.26667; -122.55000 (Tacoma Narrows Bridge (1940) )
Washington
[ 146] [ 17]
2
San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge East bridge dismantled in 2014
427 m (1,401 ft)
3,102 m (10,177 ft)
Cantilever Steel 2 levels 2x5 lanes 155+427+156
1936
San Francisco –Oakland 37°48′54.4″N 122°21′23.5″W / 37.815111°N 122.356528°W / 37.815111; -122.356528 (San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge (East bridge) )
California
[ 25]
3
First Niagara Clifton Bridge destroyed by storm in 1889
386 m (1,266 ft)
Suspension with cable-stays Wooden deck and pylons
1869
Niagara Falls, New York –Niagara Falls, Ontario 43°05′18.2″N 79°04′11.3″W / 43.088389°N 79.069806°W / 43.088389; -79.069806 (First Niagara Clifton Bridge )
New York
[ Note 18] [ 149] [ 148]
4
Tappan Zee Bridge (1955–2017) dismantled in 2017
369 m (1,211 ft)
4,881 m (16,014 ft)
Cantilever Steel 3+4 lanes 183+369+183
1955
Tarrytown –South Nyack 41°4′12.3″N 73°52′51.9″W / 41.070083°N 73.881083°W / 41.070083; -73.881083 (Tappan Zee Bridge (1955–2017) )
New York
[ 150]
5
Francis Scott Key Bridge (Baltimore) collapsed in 2024
366 m (1,200 ft)
2,632 m (8,635 ft)
Truss Steel, suspended deck 2x2 lanes
1977
Baltimore 39°13′1″N 76°31′41.5″W / 39.21694°N 76.528194°W / 39.21694; -76.528194 (Francis Scott Key Bridge )
Maryland
6
John P. Grace Memorial Bridge dismantled in 2005
320 m (1,050 ft)
4,300 m (14,100 ft)
Cantilever Steel 2 lanes 137+320+137
1929
Charleston –Mount Pleasant 32°48′14.0″N 79°54′49.0″W / 32.803889°N 79.913611°W / 32.803889; -79.913611 (John P. Grace Memorial Bridge )
South Carolina
[ 151]
See also
Other lists of U.S. bridges
Other topics
Notes and references
^ Soule, Gardner (June 1955). "Biggest Bridge to Span Busiest Harbor" . Popular Science . 166 (6): 90–93, 264, 268. ISSN 0161-7370 .
^ Amman; Whitney (May 1964). "Puente Verrazano-Narrows" . Informes de la Construcción (in Spanish). 17 (160): 65–74. doi :10.3989/ic.1964.v17.i160.4554 . ISSN 1988-3234 .
^ "Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge" . New.mta.info - Metropolitan Transportation Authority (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Mensch, 1935 , Spanning the Golden Gate . San Francisco, Calif. 1935. p. 5.
^ "Seven Wonders of the Modern World" . ASCE.org - American Society of Civil Engineers . Archived from the original on 2010-04-02.
^ "Golden Gate Bridge" . Ohp.parks.ca.gov - Office of Historic Preservation of California . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Mensch, 1935 , Golden Gate Bridge Elevation . San Francisco, Calif. 1935. p. 4.
^ a b c Mensch, 1935 , Golden Gate, Georges Washington, Camden, Brooklyn . San Francisco, Calif. 1935. p. 62.
^ "Design & Construction Stats" . Goldengate.org (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Facts & Figures" . Mackinacbridge.org (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Steinman, D.B.; Gronquist, C.H. (January 1959). "Mackinac Bridge - Superstructure Design and Construction" . Civil Engineering . Vol. 29, no. 1. American Society of Civil Engineers. pp. 48–57.
^ Steiman, David B. (November 1958). "Puente de Mackinac" . Informes de la Construcción (in Spanish). 11 (105): 63–70. doi :10.3989/ic.1958.v11.i105.5477 . ISSN 1988-3234 .
^ a b "George Washington Bridge" . American Society of Civil Engineers - Metropolitan Section . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Design of 3,500-Ft. Suspension Bridge Across Hudson River" . Engineering News-Record . Vol. 99, no. 6. New York: McGraw Hill Publications Company. August 11, 1927. pp. 212–217. ISSN 0891-9526 .
^ "George Washington Bridge" . Panynj.gov - Port Authority of New York and New Jersey . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Tacoma Narrows Bridge - The Bridge Machine Since 1950" . Washington State Department of Transportation . Archived from the original on January 21, 2021.
^ a b Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. WA-99, "Tacoma Narrows Bridge, Spanning Narrows at State Route 16, Tacoma, Pierce County, WA ", 35 photos, 2 color transparencies, 2 measured drawings, 30 data pages, 4 photo caption pages
^ "Tacoma Narrows Bridge history" . Wsdot.wa.gov - Washington State Department of Transportation . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Arzoumanidis, Serafim; Shama, Ayman; Ostadan, Farhang (April 2005). "Performance‐based seismic analysis and design of suspension bridges" . Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics . 34 (4–5). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: 349–367. doi :10.1002/eqe.441 . S2CID 110637726 .
^ Spoth, Thomas; Viola, Joseph M.; Condell, Seth H. (2005). The New Tacoma Narrows Suspension Bridge, a Continuous Mile of Suspended Steel (PDF) . American Institute of Steel Construction .
^ "Overview - By the Numbers" . Gordiehoweinternationalbridge.com (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ He, Xianfei; Moaveni2, Babak; Conte, Joel P.; Elgamal, Ahmed; Masri, Sami F. (2009). "System Identification of Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge Using Dynamic Field Test Data" . Journal of Structural Engineering . 135 : 54–66. doi :10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2009)135:1(54) . {{cite journal }}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link )
^ "Carquinez Bridge" . Mtc.ca.gov - Metropolitan Transportation Commission . 11 May 2021. Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Third Carquinez Strait Bridge" . Opacengineers.com - OPAC Consulting Engineers, Inc . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ a b Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. CA-32, "San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge ", 415 photos, 20 measured drawings, 272 data pages, 48 photo caption pages
^ "San Francisco - Oakland West Bay Crossing" . Opacengineers.com - OPAC Consulting Engineers, Inc . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Ammann, Othmar Hermann (March 1946). "Additional Stiffening of Bronx-Whitestone Bridge" . Civil Engineering . Vol. 16, no. 3. American Society of Civil Engineers. pp. 101–103.
^ Pavlo, E.L. (October 2, 1947). "Widening and Stiffening Whitestone Bridge" . Engineering News-Record . Vol. 138, no. 14. New York: McGraw Hill Publications Company. pp. 98–101. ISSN 0891-9526 .
^ Miller, William J. (1983). Crossing the Delaware: The Story of the Delaware Memorial Bridge, The Longest Twin-Suspension Bridge in the World . Wilmington, Delaware: Delapeake Publishing Company. p. 110. ISBN 0-911293-01-9 . LCCN 83-71879 . OCLC 1193386858 .
^ "Delaware Memorial Bridge History" . Delawarememorialbridge.com (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Walt Whitman Bridge" . Drpa.org - Delaware River Port Authority . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Awart Class I - Walt Whiteman Bridge, Philadelphia, Pennsylwania" (PDF) . Prize Bridge Brochure . American Institute of Steel Construction. 1957. p. 5.
^ a b "Bridge Facts" . Ambassadorbridge.com (official website) . Retrieved 6 December 2022 .
^ Jones, Jonathan (September 27, 1928). "Design of Great International Suspension Bridge Over Detroit River" . Engineering News-Record . Vol. 101, no. 13. New York: McGraw Hill Publications Company. pp. 460–466. ISSN 0891-9526 .
^ Gray, Nomer (October 1959). "Foundations for the Throgs Neck Bridge" . Civil Engineering . Vol. 29, no. 10. American Society of Civil Engineers. pp. 50–54.
^ "TBTA Electronic Security and Design Support Services Project 26 for Throgs Neck Bridge" (PDF) . Agceng.com - A.G. Consulting Engineering, PC . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ a b "Ben Franklin Bridge" . Benfranklinbridge.com (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form - New River Gorge Bridge" . National Park Service . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Baker Jr., Michael (November 1991). Figure 2: New River Gorge Bridge, Fayette County, WV . National Park Service (Report). p. 56.
^ "Bayonne Bridge" . American Society of Civil Engineers - Metropolitan Section . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. NJ-66, "Bayonne Bridge ", 56 photos, 15 data pages, 6 photo caption pages
^ Rastorfer, Darl (2007). Bayonne Bridge: A Landmark by Land, Sea, and Air (PDF) . New York: Port Authority of New York and New Jersey . ISBN 978-0-9789640-1-6 . Archived from the original (PDF) on October 16, 2018.
^ "Project Overview" . Harborbridgeproject.com (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Technical Proposal to Develop, Design, Construct, & Maintain US 181 Harbor Bridge Replacement Project - Executive Summary" (PDF) . Ftp.dot.state.tx.us - Texas Department of Transportation . Flatiron - Dragados USA. Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Harbor Bridge. Corpus Christi, Texas. Under Construction" . Cfcsl.com - Carlos Fernández Casado S.L. Engineering . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Commodore Barry Bridge" . Drpa.org - Delaware River Port Authority . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Hodgson, Ian C.; Yen, Ben T.; Bowman, Carl (2008). Field Testing and Evaluation of Electroslag Welds on the Commodore Barry Bridge (PDF) (Report) (ATLSS Report No. 08-04 ed.). Lehigh University .
^ a b "Bear Mountain Bridge" . American Society of Civil Engineers - Metropolitan Section . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form - Bear Mountain Bridge and Toll House" . National Park Service . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Smith, Wilson Fitch (May 10, 1923). "Bridging the Hudson River at Bear Mountain" . Engineering News-Record . Vol. 90, no. 19. New York: McGraw Hill Publications Company. pp. 829–830. ISSN 0013-807X . OCLC 760807850 .
^ "Le Pont Suspendu de 497 Mètres de Portée de Bear Mountain, sur l'Hudson (New-York, E.-U.)" [The 497 Meter Span Suspension Bridge at Bear Mountain, over the Hudson (New York, USA)]. Le Génie Civil: Revue générale des industries françaises et étrangères (in French). 12 (2223). Paris: 277–281. March 21, 1925.
^ "Bear Mountain Bridge - Celebrating 95 years of service!" . Hbhv.org - Historic Bridges of the Hudson Valley . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ a b "Williamsburg Bridge" . American Society of Civil Engineers - Metropolitan Section . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "The Williamsburg Bridge Across the East River at New York City" . Engineering News-Record . Vol. 50, no. 25. New York: McGraw Hill Publications Company. December 17, 1903. pp. 535–541. ISSN 0891-9526 .
^ Bruschi, Maria Grazia; Koglin, Terry L. (1995). "A new life for the main cables of Williamsburg Bridge". IABSE Symposium: Extending the Lifespan of Structures. Report - E-periodica.ch . 73 (1). San Francisco: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering : 519–524. doi :10.5169/seals-55233 .
^ a b "The William Preston Lane Jr. Memorial Bridge" (PDF) . Baybridge.com (official website) . Maryland Transportation Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 17, 2010. Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ a b McLamore, V.R.; Stubbs, Ian R.; Hart, Gary C. "Dynamic Properties of Suspension Bridges" (PDF) . Onlinepubs.trb.org . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ a b "Brooklyn Bridge" . American Society of Civil Engineers - Metropolitan Section . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Brooklyn Bridge (PDF) (Report). New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form - Brooklyn Bridge" . National Park Service . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. NY-18, "Brooklyn Bridge ", 77 photos, 8 color transparencies, 1 measured drawing, 8 data pages, 9 photo caption pages
^ Fossier, Paul; Duggar, Chuck (February 12, 2007). John James Audubon Bridge Design-Build Project Update (PDF) . 2007 Transportation Engineering Conference. Louisiana TIMED Managers / Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 4, 2016.
^ Sorgenfrei, O.F. (June 1958). "Greater New Orleans Bridge Completed" . Civil Engineering . Vol. 28, no. 6. American Society of Civil Engineers. pp. 60–64.
^ "Crescent City Connection" . Modjeski.com . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Shen, Liang; Bittner, Robert B. "Design of the Drilled Shaft Foundations for the Cooper River Bridge" (PDF) . Bittner-shen.com - Bittner-Shen Consulting Engineers, Inc . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "News and Updates" . Cooperriverbridge.org (official website) . Archived from the original on May 16, 2008.
^ Abrahams, Michael J. (November 2005). "Arthur J. Ravenel, Jr. Bridge over Cooper River, Charleston, SC" (PDF) . Modern Steel Construction . American Institute of Steel Construction . ISSN 0026-8445 .
^ Abdel-Ghaffar, A. M.; Housner, G. W. (January 1977). An Analysis of the Dynamic Characteristics of a Suspension Bridge by Ambient Vibration Measurements (PDF) (Report). California Institute Of Technology - Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory.
^ Senese, Jerome R. (April 2000). "Welding Gives New Look to Suspension Bridge" (PDF) . Modern Steel Construction . Vol. 4, no. 1. American Institute of Steel Construction . pp. 11–13. ISSN 0026-8445 .
^ "New Mississippi River Bridge Project" . Newriverbridge.org (official website) . Archived from the original on December 21, 2016.
^ Brown, Dan. "A Foundation Engineering Trip down the Mississippi River" (PDF) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Mid-Hudson Bridge to Be 1500-Ft. Suspension Span" . Engineering News-Record . Vol. 92, no. 11. New York: McGraw Hill Publications Company. March 13, 1924. p. 452. ISSN 0891-9526 .
^ Martin, John T. (October 2, 1930). "Erection of 276-Ft. Towers for Mid-Hudson Suspension Bridge at Poughkeepsie" . Engineering News-Record . Vol. 105, no. 14. New York: McGraw Hill Publications Company. pp. 529–531. ISSN 0891-9526 .
^ "The Mid-Hudson Bridge" . Nysba.ny.gov - New York State Bridge Authority . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Manhattan Bridge" . American Society of Civil Engineers - Metropolitan Section . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form - Manhattan Bridge" . National Park Service . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Triborough Bridge Project" . American Society of Civil Engineers - Metropolitan Section . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Bowden, E. Warren (August 1936). "The Triborough Bridge Project" . Civil Engineering . Vol. 6, no. 8. American Society of Civil Engineers. pp. 515–519.
^ Coco, Edith; Ye, Qi (November 2016). "Robert F. Kennedy Bridge - Aerodynamic Evaluation and Retrofit Design" (PDF) . Structure . National Council of Structural Engineers Associations. pp. 33–37. ISSN 1536-4283 .
^ "Project Summary: The New Bridge" . Greenvillebridge.com (official website) . Archived from the original on May 18, 2012. Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Project Plan and Elevation" (PDF) . Greenvillebridge.com (official website) . Mississippi Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 24, 2012.
^ "Work Begins on $1B Ship Channel Bridge in Houston | 2018-06-20 | Engineering News-Record" . www.enr.com .
^ Jordan, Jay R. " 'Significant' flaws in Beltway 8 bridge under construction will cost Harris County millions" .
^ Loizias, Marcos P.; McCabe, Raymond J. (1991). "The Dame Point concrete cable-stayed bridge". IABSE Symposium: Bridges: Interaction Between Construction Technology and Design - E-periodica.ch . 64 . Leningrad: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering : 449–454. doi :10.5169/seals-49349 .
^ "San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge - Self-anchored suspension bridge - Evaluation of the ASTM A354 grade bd rods" (PDF) . California Department of Transportation. September 30, 2014. Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Ho, Tom. "The Design and Construction of the New San Francisco- Oakland Bay Bridge (Sfobb) East Span" (PDF) . Pwri.go.jp . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Nader, Marwan; Maroney, Brian (October 2007). "One-of-a-Kind Design - The New San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge Self-Anchored Suspension Span" (PDF) . Structure . National Council of Structural Engineers Associations. ISSN 1536-4283 .
^ Bottenberg, 2007 , Eight: Fremont Bridge . p. 105.
^ Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. OR-104, "Fremont Bridge, Spanning Willamette River, Portland, Multnomah County, OR ", 18 photos, 2 color transparencies, 1 measured drawing, 42 data pages, 2 photo caption pages
^ Kook, Michael J.; Hanson, John M. "Field Testing of the Fremont Bridge" (PDF) . Transportation Research Record. Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Sidney Lanier Bridge" . Tylin.com - T. Y. Lin International . Archived from the original on May 8, 2021. Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Sidney Lanier Bridge, Brunswick, Georgia" . Asbi-assoc.org - American Segmental Bridge Institute . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Svensson, Holger S.; Lovett, Thomas G. (1990). "The Twin Cable-Stayed Composite Bridge at Baytown, Texas". IABSE Symposium - E-periodica.ch . 60 . Brussels: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering : 317–322. doi :10.5169/seals-46499 .
^ "1996 Merit Bridge Award: Long Span - The Fred Hartman Bridge" (PDF) . Modern Steel Construction . American Institute of Steel Construction . October 1996. ISSN 0026-8445 .
^ "Bridge Log - Bridge Engineering Section" (PDF) . Oregon.gov . Oregon Department of Transportation . 2023. p. 223. Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Smart, Michael W. "Hale Boggs Memorial Bridge (I-310 Luling-Destrehan) - Stay-Cable Replacement - Outside New Orleans, Louisiana" (PDF) . Ltrc.lsu.edu - Louisiana Transportation Research Center . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Mehrabi, Armin B. "Stay Cable Replacement of the Hale Boggs Bridge" (PDF) . Pwri.go.jp . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Scollard, Christopher; Bergman, Don; Schemman, Armin; Kleymann, Matthew; Tjhin, Tjen. Design of the New NY (Tappan Zee) Bridge Cable-Stayed Main Span (PDF) . 2014 Conference of the Transportation Association of Canada. Conf.tac-atc.ca . Montreal, Quebec.
^ Wright, Kenneth J. (2014). The New Ny (Tappan Zee) Bridge: Why Steel Provided The Optimum Solution (PDF) . World Steel Bridge Symposium - Conference Proceedings. American Institute of Steel Construction.
^ "The Governor Mario M. Cuomo Bridge" . Newnybridge.com (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. OR-40, "St. Johns Bridge, Spans Willamette River at US Highway 30, Portland, Multnomah County, OR ", 31 photos, 2 color transparencies, 3 measured drawings, 28 data pages, 3 photo caption pages
^ John A. Roebling's Sons Company, 1934 , Rope-Strand Cables Used in New Bridge at Portland, Oregon . pp. 50–57.
^ "National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form - Mount Hope Bridge" . National Park Service . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Design of Mount Hope Wire-Cable Suspension Bridge" . Engineering News-Record . Vol. 100, no. 15. New York: McGraw Hill Publications Company. April 12, 1928. pp. 585–587. ISSN 0891-9526 .
^ Chandra, Vijay; Szecsei, George (July–August 1988). "Sunshine Skyway Bridge Ship Impact Design of Low Level Approaches". PCI Journal . 33 (4). Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute: 96–123. doi :10.15554/pcij.07011988.96.123 .
^ Muller, Jean; Tassin, Daniel (1987). "Design principles and construction methods of the Sunshine Skyway Bridge". IABSE Symposium: Concrete Structures for the Future - E-periodica.ch . 55 . Paris-Versailles: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering : 53–58. doi :10.5169/seals-42706 .
^ Goodpaster, Steve; Chandra, Vijay (September 1999). "Aesthetic Anchors - An innovative design for the anchor piers helped create an economical solution for this 1,200'-long cable stayed bridge over the Ohio River" (PDF) . Modern Steel Construction . American Institute of Steel Construction . ISSN 0026-8445 .
^ Chandra, Vijay; Hsu, Ruchu (1999). "The innovative William Natcher cable-stayed bridge". IABSE Conference: Cable-stayed Bridges: Past, Present and Future - E-periodica.ch . 82 . Malmö: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering : 38–39. doi :10.5169/seals-62112 .
^ Soule, Benjamin (January–February 2019). Science et Industrie S.A. (ed.). "Lewis and Clark Bridge (USA)" (PDF) . Revue Travaux . 948 . Fédération nationale des travaux publics (FNTP): 40–47. ISSN 0041-1906 .
^ "East End Crossing Partners" . Eastendcrossing.com (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Queensboro Bridge (PDF) (Report). New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Queensboro Bridge" . American Society of Civil Engineers - Metropolitan Section . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form - Queensboro Bridge" . National Park Service . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Waddell, 1916 , Fig.25l. Blackwell's Island Bridge over the East River in New York City . p. 595.
^ Bosch, Harold R.; Pagenkopf, James R. (September 2014). Dynamic Properties of Stay Cables on the Penobscot Narrows Bridge (PDF) . Fhwa.dot.gov - Federal Highway Administration (Report). p. 6.
^ "Penobscot Narrows Bridge & Observatory" . (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Endicott, Wayne A. (2007). "Unique Cable-stay System Creates Landmark Bridge" (PDF) . Aspire - the Concrete Bridge Magazine . pp. 28–31. ISSN 1935-2093 .
^ Thorkildsen, Eric (October 24, 2011). "Structural Rehabilitation of the Ogdensburg Suspension Bridge" (PDF) . Ibtta.org - International Bridge, Tunnel and Turnpike Association . p. 18. Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "International Bridge" . Ogdensport.com (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Chen, G.; Yan, D.; Wang, W.; Zheng, M.; Ge, L.; Liu, F. (September 2007). Assessment of the Bill Emerson Memorial Cable-stayed Bridge Based on Seismic Instrumentation Data (PDF) . Rosap.ntl.bts.gov (Report). University of Missouri-Rolla - Missouri Department of Transportation. p. 18.
^ Rojansky, Michael; Ewert, Thomas C. (1995). "Carquinez Bridges' Seismic Hazard Assessment and Conceptual Retrofit". IABSE Symposium: Extending the Lifespan of Structures. Report - E-periodica.ch . 73 (1). San Francisco: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering : 597–602. doi :10.5169/seals-55246 . ISBN 3-85748-021-1 .
^ Editorial, Equipo (July 1960). "Puente Carquinez, California" . Informes de la Construcción (in Spanish). 13 (122): 73–76. doi :10.3989/ic.1960.v13.i122.5167 . ISSN 1988-3234 .
^ Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. ME-66, "Deer Isle-Sedgwick Bridge ", 4 photos, 1 color transparency, 3 data pages, 1 photo caption page
^ Mahmoud, 2003 , Bosh, H.R.; Guterres, R.M. Effectiveness of fairings on a suspension bridge . pp. 33–42.
^ "Deer Isle Bridge" . Historicbridges.org . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Roosevelt Lake Bridge" . Bridgehunter.com . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Raab, Norman A. (November–December 1953). "New Bay Crossing: Story of the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge" (PDF) . California Highways and Public Works . 32 (11–12). California Department of Public Works: 1–6, 64. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 1, 2016.
^ "Pier and Bent Layout: Richmond-San Rafael Bridge (Sheet No. RS-224)" (PDF) . Dot.ca.gov - California Department of Transportation . Archived from the original (PDF) on May 2, 2019. Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Speedy Erection of Parallel-Strand Cable Bridge" . Engineering News-Record . Vol. 108, no. 2. New York: McGraw Hill Publications Company. January 14, 1932. pp. 46–49. ISSN 0891-9526 .
^ "The Hoover Dam Bypass Project" . Hooverdambypass.org (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Takatoku, Yuhei; Onozaki, Hirokazu; Fukami, Hideki; Kato, Toshiaki (2014). "Hoover Dam Bypass- Colorado River Bridge — The Longest Concrete Arch Bridge in the US" (PDF) . National Report of Japan on Prestressed Concrete Structures : 157–160. doi :10.11474/JPCI.NR.2014.157 . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ a b "National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form - Covington and Cincinnati Suspension Bridge" . National Park Service . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Ren, Wei-Xin; Blandford, George E.; Harik, Issam E. (March 2004). "Roebling Suspension Bridge. I: Finite-Element Model and Free Vibration Response" . Journal of Bridge Engineering . 9 (2). American Society of Civil Engineers: 110–118. doi :10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2004)9:2(110) .
^ Caroland, William B.; Suarez, Jorge M. (April 2000). "Stretching over the Ohio River - Cable-Stayed Bridge Uses New Post-Tensioning System" (PDF) . Modern Steel Construction . American Institute of Steel Construction . ISSN 0026-8445 .
^ Sailer, Robert (June 27 – July 1, 1952). "Colorado River Bridge at Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona U.S.A.". IABSE 6th Congress Report - E-periodica.ch . Stockholm: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering : 863–872. doi :10.5169/seals-7008 .
^ Murphy, Francis J. (February 1959). "Building the world's highest arch span" . Civil Engineering . Vol. 29, no. 2. American Society of Civil Engineers. pp. 50–53.
^ a b "National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form - Wheeling Suspension Bridge" . National Park Service . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. WV-2, "Wheeling Suspension Bridge, Spanning East channel of Ohio River at U.S. Route 40, Wheeling, Ohio County, WV ", 56 photos, 10 color transparencies, 4 measured drawings, 33 data pages, 5 photo caption pages
^ Seibel, 1991 , p.97
^ "The Newburgh-Beacon Bridge" . Nysba.ny.gov - New York State Bridge Authority . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Newburgh-Beacon Bridge" . Hbhv.org - Historic Bridges of the Hudson Valley . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Newburgh-Beacon Bridge" . Mageba-group.com . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ "Bridge History" . Newgdbridge.com (official website) . Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Raimundo, Aquilino; Becerra Mosquera, José Antonio; Rodríguez Pereiras, Daniel (June 2017). Proyecto de Sustitución del Gerald Desmond Bridge. Construcción de los Vanos de Aproximación Mediante Autocimbras [Gerald Desmond Bridge Replacement Project. Construction of the Approach Openings Using Self-Shoring ] (PDF) . VII Congreso de ACHE - Asociación Científico-Técnica del Hormigón Estructural (in Spanish). A Coruña, Spain.
^ Ammann, Othmar Hermann (1918). "The Hell Gate Arch Bridge and Approches of the New York Connecting Railroad over the East River in New York City" . Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers . 82 : 852, 877 (Plate 25). doi :10.1061/TACEAT.0002862 .
^ "Tacoma Narrows Bridge - The Bridge Machine Since 1950" . Washington State Department of Transportation . Archived from the original on January 21, 2021.
^ Seibel, 1991 , p.127
^ a b "The First Falls View Suspension Bridge 1867-1889" . Niagarafrontier.com . Retrieved 9 December 2022 .
^ Seibel, 1991 , p.121
^ Tappan Zee Hudson River Crossing Project Scoping Information Packet (PDF) . Tzbsite.com - Tappan Zee Bridge Site (Report). October 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 30, 2011.
^ Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. SC-32, "Grace Memorial Bridge, U.S. Highway 17 spanning Cooper River & Town Creek, Charleston, Charleston County, SC ", 84 photos, 26 data pages, 9 photo caption pages
^ The Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge held the record of the longest bridge span in the world from 1964 to 1981.[ 1]
^ At the time of its opening in 1937, the Golden Gate Bridge was the longest and the tallest suspension bridge in the world,[ 4] titles it held until 1964 and 1998 respectively. The American Society of Civil Engineers named it one of the 7 Wonders of the Modern World ,[ 5] and it was declared California Historical Landmark in 1987.[ 6]
^ The George Washington Bridge was the first bridge span to reach a length of over one kilometer, it was the longest main bridge span in the world from its 1931 opening until the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco opened in 1937.[ 13] It was designated a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1981.[ 13]
^ The Ambassador Bridge became the longest span in the world in 1929 until 1931,[ 33] it surpassed the record of the Quebec Bridge in Canada and since that date the record for longest bridge span has only been held by suspension bridges.
^ From 1926 to 1929, the Benjamin Franklin Bridge had the longest span of any suspension bridge in the world.[ 37]
^ The New River Gorge Bridge was the world's longest arch bridge for 26 years, until the opening of the Lupu Bridge in China, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.[ 38]
^ When completed in 1931, the Bayonne Bridge was the longest steel arch bridge in the world, it was designated as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1985.[ 40]
^ The Bear Mountain Bridge broke the record of the longest suspension bridge from 1924 to 1926,[ 48] it was added to the National Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks in 1986[ 48] and on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.[ 49]
^ The Williamsburg Bridge was the longest suspension bridge in the world from 1903 until 1924,[ 53] it was designated as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 2009.[ 53]
^ Former railroad bridge designed by John A. Roebling , it was the longest span in the world at the time of its opening[ 58] and has been designated a National Historic Landmark, a New York City landmark in 1967,[ 59] a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1972[ 58] and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1966.[ 60]
^ The Manhattan Bridge has been designated a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 2009[ 75] and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.[ 76]
^ Also called Triborough Bridge, it was designated as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1986.[ 77]
^ The Mount Hope Bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.[ 103]
^ Officially named the Ed Koch Queensboro Bridge, it has been designated a New York City landmark in 1967,[ 111] a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1972[ 112] and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.[ 113]
^ A first cantilever beam bridge was built in 1927 and doubled in 1958 over the Carquinez Strait, but the oldest was dismantled in 2007 due to its aging and replaced by the Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge .
^ The John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge held the record of the longest span in the world from 1866 to 1869.[ 132] It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.[ 132]
^ The Wheeling Suspension Bridge was the first bridge with a span of more than 1,000 feet (300 m) and the longest span in the world from 1849 until 1866.[ 137] Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973,[ 137] it was closed to automobile traffic in September 2019.
^ The First Niagara Clifton Bridge was the longest span in the world from 1869 until 1883.[ 147] The covering of the towers was carried out in 1872, in 1884, the wooden towers were replaced with steel, finally all the wooden components were remplaced with steel in 1888 and the deck was widened.[ 148] The bridge can then have very different appearances depending on the year.
Further reading
Bibliography
Adams, Kramer A. (1963). Covered Bridges of the West; a History and Illustrated Guide: Washington, Oregon, California . Berkeley, California: Howell-North Books. LCCN 63-19906 . OCLC 1029044555 .
Bottenberg, Ray (2007). Bridges of Portland . Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7385-4876-0 . LCCN 2006935600 .
Bridge Aesthetics Around the World . National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board. 1991. ISBN 9780309050722 .
Brown, David J. (1998). Bridges: Three Thousand Years of Defying Nature . London: Mitchell Beazley. ISBN 1-85732-163-4 . OCLC 1193368859 .
Chen, Wai-Fah; Duan, Lian (2014). "Bridge Engineering in the United States" . In CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group (ed.). Handbook of International Bridge Engineering . CRC Press. pp. 43–133. ISBN 978-1-4398-1029-3 .
Creighton, Peet (1966). The first book of bridges . New York: Franklin Watts, Inc. OCLC 1034684565 .
Hayden, Martin (1976). The Book of Bridges . New York: Galahad Books. ISBN 0-88365-358-3 . OCLC 1148023825 .
Hyde, Charles K. (1993). Historic Highway Bridges of Michigan . Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0-8143-2448-7 .
Jackson, Donald C. (1988). Great American Bridges and Dams, A National Trust Guide . Washington D.C.: The Preservation Press. ISBN 0-89133-129-8 .
Le Rond, Louis (1896). Les Travaux Publics de l'Amérique du Nord - Ponts et Viaducs [Public Works of North America - Bridges and Viaducts ] (in French). Paris: J. Rothschild.
Mahmoud, Khaled M. (October 20–21, 2003). Recent developments in bridge engineering - Proceedings of the Second New York City Bridge Conference . CRC Press - Taylor & Francis. ISBN 90-5809-606-8 .
Mensch, Ernest Cromwell (1935). The Golden Gate bridge: a technical description in ordinary language . San Francisco. p. 4. LCCN 36000775 . OCLC 1045570112 . OL 6332236M . {{cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link )
Nelson, Lee H. (1976). A Century of Oregon Covered Bridges, 1851-1952 . Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society. OCLC 1245629802 . SBN 87595-011-6 .
Petroski, Henry (1995). Engineers of Dreams: Great Bridge Builders and the Spanning of America . New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. ISBN 0-679-43939-0 . OCLC 1034668891 .
Prade, Marcel (1990). "Les États-Unis d'Amérique". Les Grands Ponts du Monde: Ponts Remarquables Hors d'Europe [The Great Bridges of the World: Remarkable Bridges Outside Europe ]. Art et patrimoine (in French). Poitiers: Brissaud. pp. 87–163. ISBN 2-902170-68-8 .
Rastorfer, Darl (2000). Six Bridges: The Legacy of Othmar H. Ammann . Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300080476 .
Reier, Sharon (2000). The Bridges of New York . Courier Dover Publications. ISBN 9780486412306 .
Scott, Richard (2001). In the Wake of Tacoma: Suspension Bridges and the Quest for Aerodynamic Stability . ASCE Press - American Society of Civil Engineers . ISBN 0-7844-0542-5 .
Seibel, George A. (1991). Bridges over the Niagara Gorge : Rainbow Bridge, 50 years, 1941-1991 . Niagara Falls Bridge Commission. ISBN 0-9695125-0-3 . LCCN 92100416 . OL 1755790M .
Spangenburg, Ray; Moser, Diane K. (1991). The Story of America's Bridges . New York: Fact On File. ISBN 0-8160-2259-3 . OCLC 1036886436 .
Suspension Bridges : a Century of Progress . Trenton, New Jersey: John A. Roebling's Sons Company. 1934.
Troyano, Leonardo Fernández (2003). Bridge Engineering. A Global Perspective . London: Thomas Telford Publishing. ISBN 0-7277-3215-3 .
Waddell, John Alexander Low (1916). John Wiley & Sons (ed.). Bridge engineering . Vol. 1 (1st ed.). London. LCCN 16014846 . OL 23282798M .{{cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link )
Papers
External links
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