Monarchy of Monaco

Sovereign Prince of Monaco
Sovereign Prince of Monaco
	Arms of His Serene Highness the Sovereign Prince of Monaco
Incumbent
	Albert II; since 6 April 2005
Details
Style	His Serene Highness
Heir apparent	Jacques
First monarch	Honoré II (as prince; previous rulers were called lords until 1612)
Formation	29 November 1604
Residence	Prince's Palace
Website	Monarchy of Monaco

The sovereign prince (French: prince de Monaco) is the monarch and head of state of the Principality of Monaco. All reigning princes and princesses have taken the name of the House of Grimaldi. When Prince Rainier III died in 2005, he was Europe's longest reigning monarch.^[1] The Grimaldi family, which has ruled Monaco for eight centuries,^[2] is Europe's longest-ruling royal family.^[1]

The reigning prince is Albert II, who ascended in April 2005.^[3]

Powers of the prince

Monaco, along with Liechtenstein and Vatican City, is one of only three states in Western Europe where the monarch still plays an active role in day-to-day politics.

The Prince of Monaco exercises his authority in accordance with the Constitution and laws. He represents the principality in foreign relations, and any revision, either total or partial, of the Constitution must be jointly agreed to by the monarch and the National Council.^[4]

Legislative power is divided between the Prince who initiates the laws, and the National Council which votes on them. Executive power is retained by the monarch, who has veto power over all legislation proposed by the National Council.^[2]

The minister of state and the Government Council are directly responsible to the Prince for the administration of the principality.^[4]

Judiciary powers also belong to the monarch. The present Constitution states that the prince has full authority in the courts and tribunals which render justice in his or her name.^[4]

Pursuant to Article 16 of the 1962 Constitution, the Prince confers orders, titles and other distinctions (see Awards and decorations of Monaco) as the fons honorum of the Principality of Monaco.^[4]

In 2005, The New York Times reported that loyalty to the princely family is fierce; few residents of Monaco want to be quoted saying anything negative about the monarchy.^[3]

Compensation

The princely family receives annual allocation from the budget of Monaco, €43.5 million in 2015.^[5]

Titles and styles

The Prince is styled His Serene Highness.^[6] Although used only formally, the Prince also bears several other hereditary titles, some of which are occasionally bestowed on his relatives or their spouses. Some of these titles have merged with the Crown of Monaco as a result of the Grimaldi family's acquisition of various fiefs;^[6] they no longer imply ownership or territorial authority, although the princes of Monaco have long been substantial owners of land and chateaux in France. Most were granted or recognised by the Kingdom of France or the Papal States and could only pass through the male line; they therefore became extinct as French dignities on the death of Albert's great-grandfather Prince Louis II in 1949. Thereafter, some of these titles were implicitly re-created as distinctly Monegasque titles.^[6]

The Prince's complete titles and styles are, in precedent order of rank:

Sovereign Prince of Monaco
Duke of Valentinois
Duke of Estouteville
Duke of Mazarin
Duke of Mayenne
Prince of Château-Porcien
Marquis of Baux (Title now used by Hereditary Prince Jacques)
Marquis of Chilly-Mazarin
Marquis of Guiscard
Marquis of Bailli
Count of Polignac
Count of Carladès (Title now used by Princess Gabriella)
Count of Ferrette, Belfort, Thann and Rosemont [fr]
Count of Torigni
Count of Longjumeau
Count of Clèdes
Baron of Calvinet
Baron of Buis
Baron of La Luthumière
Baron of Hambye
Baron of Altkirch
Baron of Saint-Lô
Baron of Massy (Title now used by Christian Louis de Massy, son of Princess Antoinette)
Seigneur (Lord) of Issenheim
Seigneur of Saint-Rémy
Sire of Matignon

All palace correspondence features capitalized pronouns when referring to the prince.^[7]

The tradition of the monarchy of Monaco was that the flag flying from the staff on the tower above his office be hoisted when the prince was present in Monaco.^[7] The current prince flies the flag whether he is present or not, preferring to keep his location private.^[7]

Monaco is officially protected by France, according to terms set forth in the Treaty of Versailles in 1918.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b "Prince Rainier of Monaco Dies at 81". The New York Times. 6 April 2005. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c Conaway, James (17 February 1984). "The Monarch Alone". The Washington Post.
^ ^a ^b Smith, Craig S. (10 April 2005). "Monaco Adjusts to a Bachelor Prince Without Heirs". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Principauté de Monaco: Portail officiel du gouvernment princier". Les Pouvoirs Souverains. Etat de Monaco: La Direction de l’Administration Électronique et de l’Information aux Usagers. Retrieved 23 November 2012.
^ Hodgson, Camilla (1 August 2017). "Richest royals: what Europe's royal families get from their taxpayers". Business Insider. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c Badts de Cugnac; Guy Coutant de Saisseval, Chantal (2002). Le Petit Gotha. Laballery. pp. 691–694, 699–703. ISBN 978-2950797438.
^ ^a ^b ^c Smith, Craig S. (10 September 2005). "The New Prince of Monaco Confronts His Past". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 7 April 2021.