Point Reyes Lighthouse

Point Reyes Lighthouse
	Point Reyes Light after the restoration in 2019
Location	Point Reyes; Gulf of the Farallones; California; United States
Coordinates	37°59′44″N 123°01′24″W / 37.995621°N 123.023215°W
Tower
Constructed	1870
Foundation	concrete base
Construction	cast iron tower
Automated	1975
Height	35 feet (11 m)
Shape	16-sided tower with balcony and lantern
Markings	white tower,; red lantern roof
Operator	Point Reyes National Seashore
Heritage	National Register of Historic Places listed place
Light
Focal height	265 feet (81 m)
Lens	First order Fresnel lens
Range	21 nautical miles; 39 kilometres (24 mi)
Characteristic	Fl W 5s.
	Point Reyes Light Station
	U.S. National Register of Historic Places
	U.S. Historic district
Architect	Marston, Phineas F.
MPS	Light Stations of California MPS
NRHP reference No.	91001100
Added to NRHP	September 3, 1991

The Point Reyes Lighthouse, also known as Point Reyes Light or the Point Reyes Light Station, is a lighthouse in the Gulf of the Farallones on Point Reyes in Point Reyes National Seashore, located in Marin County, California, United States.

The park's adjacent Lighthouse Visitor Center features exhibits about the lighthouse and the park's marine life and natural history. Visitors can climb about 300 steps down to the lighthouse itself, weather permitting. The main chamber of the lighthouse, known as the Lens Room, features the Fresnel lens and clockwork mechanism, and is open to the public on a limited basis.

History

A lighthouse was assigned to Point Reyes in 1855, but construction was delayed for fifteen years because of a dispute between the United States Lighthouse Board and the landowners over a fair price for the land. The lighthouse is a sixteen sided, 37-foot (11 m) tower, and a twin of Cape Mendocino Light. The first-order Fresnel lens was first lit on December 1, 1870. Electricity came to the lighthouse in 1938, and concrete steps were built into the cliff in 1939. The station was automated in 1975.

The following historical information from March 1962 is maintained on the USCG web site:

Point Reyes Light Station was established in 1870 at Point Reyes, Calif., 19 miles (31 km) from the nearest town of Inverness. It is a family station with a complement of four men who maintain a first order light, fog signal and radio beacon. The light tower itself is a sixteen-sided structure of forged iron plate (the original tower) bolted to solid rock. The top of the lantern is 37 feet (11 m) above the ground and focal plane of the light is 294 feet (90 m) above sea level. To reach the light, men assigned must descend 308 steps on the headland from the plateau above the station where the family quarters are situated. The quarters are new, two-story, four-family units (four-plex) built in 1960. The four-plex contains two 2-bedroom and two 3-bedroom units. Buildings maintained on the property, in addition to the family quarters, are the fog signal building, engine room, pump house, paint locker, double garage and a four-car carport with adjoining office and workshop.
Point Reyes is, by official records, the windiest and foggiest on the Pacific Coast. The station is frequently blanketed by week-long periods of fog and few years pass that do not see violent gales of 75 to 100 miles per hour (121 to 161 km/h) strike the area. Point Reyes Light Station is one of the District's outstanding tourist attractions. On fair summer weekends we often have several hundred visitors logged aboard. Escorting visitors has become a major portion of the duties of men assigned. Dependent children on the station travel three miles (five kilometers) by station vehicle to school. Commissary and post exchange privileges are available at Hamilton Air Force Base (the nearest armed forces installation), or in the San Francisco area.^[4]

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.^[3]

Popular culture

The lighthouse was used as a location for the 1980 John Carpenter film The Fog.^[5]

It is also the subject of a poem by Weldon Kees, "The Exposed Reef." Kees, together with filmmaker and photographer William Heick, later made a documentary film about the lighthouse and its environs in 1954-55.^[6]

Gallery

Point Reyes light tower in 1871, shortly after completion. (Eadweard Muybridge photograph)
Point Reyes Light Station, shortly after the completion of the tower but before the construction of the work room.
Point Reyes Light Station before automation (undated USCG photo).
The automated light on fog signal building.
Detail of light tower and lantern house in 2009, with first order Fresnel lens visible.
Interior of the light tower, ground floor.
First order Fresnel lens at Point Reyes lighthouse after a 15-month restoration project completed in November 2019
Long stairs leading down to the lighthouse.
The prominent, upward-sloping Salinian Block formation can be seen here from the Point Reyes Lighthouse.
"Supertyphon" air horn, the last kind of fog horn used at the site until its automation in 1975