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Ringebu

Ringebu Municipality
Ringebu kommune
Innlandet within Norway
Innlandet within Norway
Ringebu within Innlandet
Ringebu within Innlandet
Coordinates: 61°32′8″N 10°18′29″E / 61.53556°N 10.30806°E / 61.53556; 10.30806
CountryNorway
CountyInnlandet
DistrictGudbrandsdal
Established1 Jan 1838
 • Created asFormannskapsdistrikt
Administrative centreVålebru
Government
 • Mayor (2015)Arne Fossmo (Ap)
Area
 • Total1,247.58 km2 (481.69 sq mi)
 • Land1,221.33 km2 (471.56 sq mi)
 • Water26.25 km2 (10.14 sq mi)  2.1%
 • Rank#85 in Norway
Population
 (2023)
 • Total4,416
 • Rank#195 in Norway
 • Density3.6/km2 (9/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years)
Decrease −1.8%
DemonymRingbygging[1]
Official language
 • Norwegian formNeutral
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-3439[3]
WebsiteOfficial website

Ringebu is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Vålebru (the village is also known as Ringebu).

The 1,248-square-kilometre (482 sq mi) municipality is the 85th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Ringebu is the 195th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 4,416. The municipality's population density is 3.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (9.3/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1.8% over the previous 10-year period.[4][5]

General information

The prestegjeld of Ringebu was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). In 1864, the northern part of Ringebu (population: 386) was separated to become the new municipality of Sollia. (In 1890, Sollia switched from Oppland county to Hedmark county.) On 1 January 1899, an unpopulated part of Ringebu (in Oppland county) was transferred to the neighboring municipality of Sollia (in Hedmark county).[6]

Name

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Ringebu farm (Old Norse: Ringabú or Hringabú) since the old Ringebu Stave Church was built there. The first element was probably derived from the word ringr which means "ring" (but in what context is unknown). The last element is which means "farm", "estate", or "rural area".[7]

Coat of arms

The coat of arms was granted on 24 April 1992. The official blazon is "Gules, a three-tongued flame Or" (Norwegian: I rødt en oppvoksende tretunget gull flamme). This means the arms have a red field (background) and the charge is a three-tongued flame of fire. The charge has a tincture of Or which means it is commonly colored yellow, but if it is made out of metal, then gold is used. This represents the municipality's three valleys and three parishes: Ringebu, Fåvang, and Venabygd. Fire was chosen to represent the need for heat and light by all people. The arms were designed by Inge Rotevatn. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.[8][9][10][11]

Churches

The Church of Norway has three parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Ringebu. It is part of the Sør-Gudbrandsdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar.

Churches in Ringebu
Parish (sokn) Church name Location of the church Year built
Fåvang Fåvang Stave Church Fåvang 1630
Fåvangfjellet Chapel Gulhaugsætra 1974
Ringebu Ringebu Stave Church Vålebru c. 1220
Venabygd Venabygd Church Venabygd 1780
Venabygd Chapel Venabu 1979

History

Number of minorities (1st and 2nd generation) in Ringebu by country of origin in 2017[12]
Ancestry Number
 Poland 109
 Netherlands 41
 Lithuania 38
 Latvia 38
 Syria 29
Ringebu Stavkyrkje

The stave church at Ringebu was built around the year 1220 and it is one of fewer than 30 surviving stave churches in Norway and is one of the largest.

About 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north of the church lies the old Hundorp farm which is the legendary home of Dale-Gudbrand. Dale-Gudbrand is mentioned in the Heimskringla (English: The Chronicle of the Kings of Norway) by Snorri Sturluson. The account of King Olaf's (A.D. 1015-1021) conversion of Dale-Gudbrand to Christianity is popularly recognized.

Geography

Ringebu municipal hall.

Ringebu is bordered to the west by Sør-Fron municipality, to the southwest by Gausdal municipality, to the southeast by Øyer municipality, and to the east and north by Stor-Elvdal municipality.

The administrative center of Ringebu municipality is the village of Vålebru which is located at an elevation of 182 metres (597 ft) above sea level in the valley along the river Gudbrandsdalslågen, but 50% of the area within the municipal borders lies at an elevation greater than 900 metres (3,000 ft) above sea level. From Ringebu, two mountain passes provide road access into the Østerdal valley to the northeast; one of these is closed during the winter. Because these mountain areas reliably provide good snow conditions, the area is a popular tourist destination. The Kvitfjell ski area in Ringebu was expanded to serve as a downhill venue for the 1994 Winter Olympics.

Government

Ringebu Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[13] The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Vestre Innlandet District Court and the Eidsivating Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Ringebu is made up of 21 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.

Ringebu kommunestyre 2023–2027 [14]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 12
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 1
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
 Cross-party list (Tverrpolitisk liste)3
Total number of members:21
Ringebu kommunestyre 2019–2023 [15]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Joint list of the Conservative Party (Høyre) and the Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
 Cross-party list (Tverrpolitisk liste)2
Total number of members:21
Ringebu kommunestyre 2015–2019 [16][17]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
 Cross-party list (Tverrpolitisk liste)1
Total number of members:21
Ringebu kommunestyre 2011–2015 [18]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 5
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 1
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
 Cross-party list (Tverrpolitisk liste)6
Total number of members:21
Ringebu kommunestyre 2007–2011 [17]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 9
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:21
Ringebu kommunestyre 2003–2007 [17]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 8
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:21
Ringebu kommunestyre 1999–2003 [17][19]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 11
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:29
Ringebu kommunestyre 1995–1999 [20]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 11
 Local list (Bygdalista)2
Total number of members:29
Ringebu kommunestyre 1991–1995 [21]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 16
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 8
 Local list (Bygdalista)2
Total number of members:29
Ringebu kommunestyre 1987–1991 [22]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 16
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
 Local list (Bygdeliste)4
Total number of members:29
Ringebu kommunestyre 1983–1987 [23]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 18
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:29
Ringebu kommunestyre 1979–1983 [24]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 17
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:29
Ringebu kommunestyre 1975–1979 [25]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 15
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Joint list of small farmholders and the Liberal Party (Småbrukerne og Venstre) 2
Total number of members:29
Ringebu kommunestyre 1971–1975 [26]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 15
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 3
 Socialist common list (Venstresosialistiske felleslister)1
Total number of members:29
Ringebu kommunestyre 1967–1971 [27]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 15
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti) 1
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) 3
Total number of members:29
Ringebu kommunestyre 1963–1967 [28]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) 5
Total number of members:29
Ringebu herredsstyre 1959–1963 [29]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) 5
Total number of members:29
Ringebu herredsstyre 1955–1959 [30]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 16
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 1
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) 8
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:29
Ringebu herredsstyre 1951–1955 [31]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 15
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 1
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) 9
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:28
Ringebu herredsstyre 1947–1951 [32]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) 10
  Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and the Radical People's Party (Radikale Folkepartiet) 3
Total number of members:28
Ringebu herredsstyre 1945–1947 [33]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 16
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) 9
  Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and the Radical People's Party (Radikale Folkepartiet) 1
  List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) 1
Total number of members:28
Ringebu herredsstyre 1937–1940* [34]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) 11
  Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and the Radical People's Party (Radikale Folkepartiet) 3
Total number of members:28
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.

Mayors

The mayors (Norwegian: ordfører) of Ringebu:

  • 1838–1853: Vilhelm Fegth
  • 1854–1871: Nils Iversen Elstad
  • 1872–1873: Nils Johannessen Jevne
  • 1874–1877: John Kristiansen Mæhlum
  • 1878–1881: Ole Christian Elstad
  • 1882–1883: Nils Iversen Elstad
  • 1884–1893: Ole Christian Elstad (H)
  • 1894–1897: Simen Kolstad (V)
  • 1898-1899: Ole Christian Elstad (H)
  • 1899–1910: Simen Kolstad (AD)
  • 1911–1913: Jon Nordrum (H)
  • 1914–1925: Simen Kolstad (AD)
  • 1926–1928: Einar Vestad (Sp)
  • 1929–1934: Johan Hustveit (AD)
  • 1935–1937: Einar Vestad (Sp)
  • 1938–1941: Johan Hustveit (AD)
  • 1942–1945: Sigurd Mytting (NS)
  • 1945–1959: Asbjørn Haug (Ap)
  • 1960–1967: Ole Ringen (V)
  • 1968–1985: Birger Sæther (Ap)
  • 1985–1995: Erik S. Winther (Ap)
  • 1996–2007: Anders A. Fretheim (Sp)
  • 2007–2011: Arnhild Baukhol (Ap)
  • 2011–2015: Erik Odlo (Sp)
  • 2015–present: Arne Fossmo (Ap)

Sister cities

Ringebu has sister city agreements with the following places:[35]

Frederik Petersen, 1815

Notable people

  • Frederik Petersen (1759 in Ringebu – 1825), a Norwegian painter of portraits
  • Jehans Nordbu (1768 in Ringebu — ca.1860), a Norwegian-American immigrant to the USA and an early settler in Texas
  • Hans Engen (1912 in Ringebu – 1966), a Norwegian journalist, diplomat and politician, Norwegian ambassador to the United States from 1963 to 1966
  • Emil Nyeng (born 1991), a Norwegian cross-country skier

References

  1. ^ "Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  2. ^ "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  3. ^ Bolstad, Erik; Thorsnæs, Geir, eds. (26 January 2023). "Kommunenummer". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget.
  4. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå (2021). "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian).
  5. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå (2021). "09280: Area of land and fresh water (km²) (M)" (in Norwegian).
  6. ^ Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå. ISBN 9788253746845.
  7. ^ Rygh, Oluf (1900). Norske gaardnavne: Kristians amt (in Norwegian) (4 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. p. 137.
  8. ^ "Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
  9. ^ "Ringebu, Oppland (Norway)". Flags of the World. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
  10. ^ "Godkjenning av våpen og flagg". Lovdata.no (in Norwegian). Norges kommunal- og arbeidsdepartementet. 24 April 1992. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
  11. ^ "Ringebu kommune, våpen". Digitalarkivet (in Norwegian). Retrieved 17 April 2023.
  12. ^ "Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents, by immigration category, country background and percentages of the population". ssb.no. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2015.
  13. ^ Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 September 2022). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
  14. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2023 - Innlandet". Valgdirektoratet. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
  15. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2019 - Innlandet". Valgdirektoratet. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  16. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2015 - Oppland". Valgdirektoratet.
  17. ^ a b c d "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
  18. ^ "Kommunestyrevalg 2011 - Oppland". Valgdirektoratet.
  19. ^ Kommunestyrevalget 1999 (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 2000. ISBN 8253748531. ISSN 0332-8023.
  20. ^ Kommunestyrevalget 1995 (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996. ISBN 8253743351. ISSN 0332-8023.
  21. ^ Kommunestyrevalget 1991 (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. ISBN 8253737939. ISSN 0332-8023.
  22. ^ Kommunestyrevalget 1987 (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. ISBN 8253726325. ISSN 0332-8023.
  23. ^ Kommunestyrevalget 1983 (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. ISBN 8253720378. ISSN 0332-8023.
  24. ^ Kommunestyrevalget 1979 (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. ISBN 8253710836. ISSN 0332-8023.
  25. ^ Kommunevalgene 1975 (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. ISBN 8253705646.
  26. ^ Kommunevalgene 1972 (PDF) (in Norwegian). Vol. I. Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. ISBN 8253701144.
  27. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967.
  28. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964.
  29. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960.
  30. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957.
  31. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952.
  32. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948.
  33. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947.
  34. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938.
  35. ^ "Våra vänorter" (in Swedish). Filipstad kommun. Archived from the original on 1 August 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2009.

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Jyoti Basuজ্যোতি বসুJyoti Basu di Kalkuta pada 21 Desember 1996. Ketua Menteri Bengal Barat ke-6Masa jabatan21 Juni 1977 – 6 November 2000PendahuluPemerintahan PresidenPenggantiBuddhadeb BhattacharyaMLAMasa jabatan1977–2001PendahuluKursi BaruPenggantiSonali GuhaDaerah pemilihanSatgachhiaMLAMasa jabatan1951–1972PendahuluKursi BaruPenggantiShiba Pada BhattacharjeeDaerah pemilihanBaranagar Informasi pribadiLahirJyotirindra Basu(1914-07-08)8 Juli 1914Kalkuta, Kepresidenan Ben…

LORAN, yang merupakan kependekan dari long range navigation, merupakan sebuah sistem navigasi radio hiperbolik yang dikembangkan di Amerika Serikat pada Perang Dunia II. Sistem tersebut mirip dengan sistem Gee dari Inggris namun dioperasikan pada frekuensi rendah Catatan Referensi Kutipan Daftar pustaka Blanchard, Walter (September 1991). Hyperbolic Airborne Radio Navigation Aids. The Journal of Navigation. 44 (3). .Proc 2012 is a modified version hereof. Cooke, C. M.; et al. (1945), The Ta…

Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento centri abitati della Spagna non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Cármenescomune Cármenes – Veduta LocalizzazioneStato Spagna Comunità autonoma Castiglia e León Provincia León TerritorioCoordinate42°57′32.04″N 5°34′27.84″W / …

Psychological trauma This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) The neutrality of this article is disputed. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met. (December 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article b…

Hôtel d'Estrées Hôtel d'Estrées adalah hôtel particulier, sejenis townhouse besar Prancis, di 79 rue de Grenelle di arondisemen ke-7 Paris. Ini adalah kediaman Duta Besar Federasi Rusia untuk Prancis. Ini dirancang oleh Robert de Cotte, arsitek Raja Louis XIV, dan dibangun antara 1711 dan 1713 untuk Madeleine-Diane de Bautru de Vaubrun, Duchesse d'Estrées (1668-1753).[1] Catatan ^ La résidence de l’ambassadeur de Russie L’hôtel d’Estrées Pranala luar Cari tahu mengenai Hô…

American science fiction author (1913–1987) This article is about the science fiction author. For the Babylon 5 character named after him, see Alfred Bester (Babylon 5). Alfred BesterBorn(1913-12-18)December 18, 1913[1]New York City, U.S.DiedSeptember 30, 1987(1987-09-30) (aged 73)Doylestown, Pennsylvania, U.S.OccupationWriter, editorPeriod1939–1981GenreScience fiction novels, short stories, comic book scripts, TV and radio scriptsSpouse Rolly Bester ​(m. 1936…

Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang organisasi politik. Untuk band, lihat Tammany Hall NYC. William M. Tweed, dikenal sebagai Boss Tweed, menjalankan sebuah mesin politik efisien dan korupsi berdasarkan perlindungan dan penyuapan Tammany Hall, juga dikenal sebagai Society of St. Tammany, Sons of St. Tammany, atau Columbian Order, didirikan tahun 1786 dan diresmikan tanggal 12 Mei 1789 sebagai Tammany Society. Ini merupakan mesin politik Partai Demokrat yang memainkan peran besar dalam mengendalik…

Star in the constellation Capricornus γ Capricorni Location of γ Capricorni (circled) Observation dataEpoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS) Constellation Capricornus Right ascension 21h 40m 05.45648s[1] Declination −16° 39′ 44.307184″[1] Apparent magnitude (V) +3.67[2] Characteristics Spectral type kF0hF1VmF2[3] U−B color index +0.22[4] B−V color index +0.32[4] Vari…

Private, coeducational school in Houston, Harris, Texas, United StatesCristo Rey Jesuit College Preparatory of HoustonAddress6700 Mount Carmel DriveHouston, Harris, Texas 77087United StatesCoordinates29°39′49″N 95°15′31″W / 29.66361°N 95.25861°W / 29.66361; -95.25861InformationTypePrivate, coeducationalReligious affiliation(s)Roman Catholic, JesuitEstablished2009; 15 years ago (2009)FounderFr. T. J. Martinez, S.J.PresidentPaul Beck [1]…

Men's shot putat the Games of the XXXI OlympiadLeft to right: Walsh, Kovacs, CrouserVenueOlympic StadiumDate18 August 2016Competitors34 from 24 nationsWinning distance22.52 ORMedalists Ryan Crouser United States Joe Kovacs United States Tomas Walsh New Zealand← 20122020 → Official Video Highlights Athletics at the2016 Summer OlympicsQualificationTrack events100 mmenwomen200 mmenwomen400 mmenwomen800 mmenwomen1500 mmenwomen5000 mmenwomen10,000 mmenwo…

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