Theodor Curtius

Theodor Curtius
Theodor Curtius
	Theodor Curtius, approx. 1880
Born	Julius Wilhelm Theodor Curtius; 27 May 1857; Duisburg, Kingdom of Prussia
Died	8 February 1928 (aged 70); Heidelberg, Weimar Republic
Known for	Curtius rearrangement; Büchner–Curtius–Schlotterbeck reaction; Ammonium azide; Ethyl diazoacetate; Hexamethylenediamine; Hydrazoic acid; Lead(II) azide; Peptide synthesis; Sulfuryl diazide
	Scientific career
Institutions	University of Heidelberg
Doctoral advisor	Hermann Kolbe

Geheimrat Julius Wilhelm Theodor Curtius (27 May 1857 – 8 February 1928) was professor of Chemistry at Heidelberg University and elsewhere. He published the Curtius rearrangement in 1890/1894 and also discovered diazoacetic acid, hydrazine and hydrazoic acid.In 1882 he carried out the first ever peptide synthesis, creating the N-protected dipeptide, benzoylglycylglycine^[1]

History

Theodor Curtius was born in Duisburg in the Ruhr area in Germany. He studied chemistry with Robert Bunsen at Heidelberg University and with Hermann Kolbe at Leipzig University. He received his doctorate in 1882 in Leipzig.

After working from 1884 to 1886 for Adolf von Baeyer at the University of Munich, Curtius became the director of the analytical chemistry department at University of Erlangen until 1889. Then he accepted the chair in Chemistry at the University of Kiel, where he remained very productive. In line with this success, Curtius was appointed Geheimer Regierungsrat (Privy Councillor) in 1895. After a one-year appointment as the successor of the famous August Kekulé at Bonn University in 1897, Curtius succeeded Victor Meyer as Professor of Chemistry at his old university in Heidelberg in 1898, where he remained until his retirement in 1926. He was succeeded by Karl Freudenberg, who wrote Curtius' biography in 1962.^[1]

In his free time, he also composed music, sang in concerts, and was an active mountaineer. In 1894 he founded the Kiel section of the Association of German and Austrian Alpinists, which he personally supported with gifts. In his Munich period, he became a close friend of the alpinist guide Christian Klucker, with whom he made mountaineering hikes for many years thereafter.

Theodor Curtius died in Heidelberg on 8 February 1928.

The Heidelberg University Archives has, in its possession, a photo album from 1907 marking the 25th anniversary of Theodor Curtius receiving his Doctorate. It shows pictures of science scholars, buildings, and labs such as the physio-chemical, pharmaceutical, and organics labs, and much more.

Major publications by Curtius

Curtius wrote over 300 publications. Several had a significant impact on chemical science.

Diazo- und Azoverbindungen der Fettreihe, Barth, Leipzig (1888)
Studien mit Hydrazin, Barth, Leipzig, Bd 1,2 (1896), Bd 3,4 (1918)
Einwirkung von Basen auf Diazoessigester, Berlin (1911)
Die reduktion der aromatische Aldazine und Ketazine, Barth, Leipzig (1912)
Hydrazide und Azide der Azidofettsäuren, Berlin (1912)
Die Einwirkungen von Hydrazin auf Nitroverbindungen, Barth, Leipzig (1913)
Buchner, E.; Curtius, Th. (1885). "Synthese von Ketonsäureäthern aus Aldehyden und Diazoessigäther". Berichte (in German). 18 (2): 2373–2377. doi:10.1002/cber.188501802118.
Buchner, E.; Curtius, Th. (1885). "Ueber die Einwirkung von Diazoessigäther auf aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe". Berichte (in German). 18 (2): 2377–2379. doi:10.1002/cber.188501802119.
Curtius, Th. (1890). "Chemische Notizen". Berichte (in German). 23 (2): 3023–3041. doi:10.1002/cber.189002302233.
Curtius, Th. (1894). "Hydrazide und Azide organischer Säuren I. Abhandlung". J. Prakt. Chem. (in German). 50 (1): 275–294. doi:10.1002/prac.18940500125.