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Chlorure d'holmium(III)

Chlorure d'holmium(III)
Image illustrative de l’article Chlorure d'holmium(III)
Structure cristalline du chlorure d'holmium
__ Ho3+     __ Cl
Identification
Synonymes

chlorure d'holmium(III), trichlorure d'holmium, chlorure d'holmium

No CAS 10138-62-2
14914-84-2 (hexahydrate)
No ECHA 100.030.339
No CE 233-387-1
No RTECS MS7350000
PubChem 24992
SMILES
InChI
Apparence poudre jaune clair[1],[2]
Propriétés chimiques
Formule Cl3HoHoCl3
Masse molaire[3] 271,289 ± 0,006 g/mol
Cl 39,2 %, Ho 60,8 %,
Propriétés physiques
fusion 718 °C[2]
ébullition 1 470 °C[1]
Solubilité soluble dans l'eau[1]
Cristallographie
Système cristallin Monoclinique
Classe cristalline ou groupe d’espace (no 12)
Précautions
SGH[2]
SGH07 : Toxique, irritant, sensibilisant, narcotique
H315, H319, H335, P261 et P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704[2]

Symbole NFPA 704.

 
Écotoxicologie
DL50 312 mg/kg (souris, intrapéritonéal)[4]
5165 mg/kg (souris, oral)[5]
Composés apparentés
Autres cations Chlorure d'aluminium
Chlorure d'actinium
Chlorure de scandium
Chlorure d'yttrium(III)
Chlorure de lanthane(III)
Chlorure de cérium(III)
Chlorure de praséodyme(III)
Chlorure de néodyme(III)
Chlorure de prométhium(III)
Chlorure de samarium(III)
Chlorure d'europium(III)
Chlorure de gadolinium(III)
Chlorure de terbium(III)
Chlorure de dysprosium(III)
Chlorure d'erbium(III)
Chlorure de thulium(III)
Chlorure d'ytterbium(III)
Chlorure de lutécium(III)
Autres anions Oxyde d'holmium(III)

Unités du SI et CNTP, sauf indication contraire.

Le chlorure d'holmium(III) ou trichlorure d'holmium est un composé inorganique de l'holmium et du chlore, de formule HoCl3.

Propriétés

Le chlorure d'holmium(III) anhydre tout comme sa forme hexahydratée se présente sous la forme d'une poudre jaune clair, soluble dans l'eau. L'hexahydrate commence à libérer son eau de cristallisation à 64 °C[1].

Le chlorure d'holmium(III) possède une structure cristalline monoclinique de groupe d'espace C2/m (no 12), semblable à celle du chlorure d'aluminium ou du chlorure de thulium(III), dans laquelle les ions holmium ont une géométrie octaédrique[1],[6].

Synthèse

Le chlorure d'holmium peut être obtenu par réaction entre l'oxyde d'holmium(III) et le chlorure d'ammonium vers 200-250 °C[6] :

Ho2O3 + 6 NH4Cl → 2 HoCl3 + 6 NH3 + 2 H2O

La forme hexahydrate peut être obtenue par réaction entre l'holmium métallique et l'acide chlorhydrique. On peut obtenir l'anhydre par réaction avec le chlorure de thionyle[6].

2 Ho + 6 HCl → 2 HoCl3 + 3 H2

Utilisation

Le chlorure d'holmium(III) est un intermédiaire dans la production d'holmium métallique.

Notes et références

  1. a b c d et e (de) Jean D'Ans, Ellen Lax, Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker, , 1463 p. (ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0), p. 488
  2. a b c et d Fiche Sigma-Aldrich du composé Holmium(III) chloride, consultée le 29 janvier 2017.
  3. Masse molaire calculée d’après « Atomic weights of the elements 2007 », sur www.chem.qmul.ac.uk.
  4. Archives of Environmental Health. Vol. 5, Pg. 437, 1962.
  5. Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975.
  6. a b et c Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. édité par G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY.

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