Early life, education, and pre-congressional career
Brady was born in Philadelphia, the son of Enez (née Caterini) and Robert G. Brady, a police officer. His father was of Irish descent, and his maternal grandparents were immigrants from Italy.[3][4] His mother Enez was also a Democratic committee member.[5] He graduated from St. Thomas More High School and Martin Technical School[6] but did not attend college, instead going to work as a carpenter and member of Carpenters Local 8.[7] He became a part of the leadership of the union and remains a member of several unions.[8]
He was elected a division committeeman for the Democratic Party in 1968. In 1974, his mentor[9] and ward leader George X. Schwartz got him a job as a sergeant-at-arms in Philadelphia City Council.[10] When Schwartz stepped down as ward leader in 1982 and eventually went to jail [10] in the wake of the Abscam scandal, Brady was elected to succeed him as Democratic Leader of west Philadelphia's 34th Ward,[11] a position that he still holds today.[12]
In 1983 Brady ran for an at-large seat on Philadelphia City Council. He was endorsed by Frank Rizzo[13] and lost in the primary election.[14] After Wilson Goode won the 1983 Philadelphia mayoral election, Brady joined Goode's staff as liaison with organized labor.[15] In 1986 he worked as an economic consultant on City Council's Economic Development Committee.[16]
Since June 1986, Brady has been the Chairman of the Philadelphia Democratic Party.[10]
In November 1997, 17-year U.S. Congressman Tom Foglietta resigned from his seat in the House of Representatives after being named U.S. Ambassador to Italy by Bill Clinton.[20] After a 1992 redistricting, the First District was becoming a majority Black district. Foglietta had defeated Black candidates in Democratic primaries in 1994 and 1996 and political observers assumed that his successor would be Black.[5] In February 1998, Brady announced he would be running in the special election for Foglietta's vacated seat, despite not living within the district.[21] When asked his position on NAFTA, Brady said "I don't know what that was about." When asked his position on abortion Brady said he had no position.[22] On May 11, Brady left a debate between the congressional candidates early to attend a ward meeting.[23]
The special election and primary election were held on May 19, 1998, with Brady running in both elections.[22] He faced three opponents in the special election and three in the primary election.[20] Brady won the special election with 74% of the vote and the primary election with 59% of the vote. His closest challenger in the Democratic primary was State Representative Andrew Carn, who received 21% of the vote.[24] Brady was sworn in by Newt Gingrich on May 21, 1998.[20]
In his first general election in November 1998 he defeated Republican William M. Harrison, winning 81% of the vote. In his victory speech he defended President Bill Clinton, saying "We have business to take care of in Washington and it's not this business of embarrassing our President."[25]
Brady represented a heavily Democratic district and easily won each of his ten full terms, receiving at least 81% of the vote in each race and twice running unopposed.[26] Republican Deborah Williams ran against Brady twice, in 2004 and 2016.[27]
Tenure
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In his 20 years in Congress, Brady was the primary sponsor of 14 pieces of legislation that were enacted into law[28] and co-sponsored 200 bills that became law.[29] Legislation that he co-sponsored mostly covered the areas of government operation, crime and law enforcement and transportation and public works.[30] He voted against free trade deals[31] and against the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002.[32] As a member of the United States House Committee on Armed Services, Brady was one of a select few permitted to view photos of the corpse of Osama bin Laden. "Oh he's dead," said Brady, "It's quite graphic. His brain and everything are coming out."[33]
During the course of his congressional career, Brady estimated he helped bring $15.5 billion in federal funds to Philadelphia.[26]
Corruption case
In November 2017, it was revealed that the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) was investigating Brady for payments that Brady's campaign made in 2012 to an opponent in order to get the opponent to withdraw from the race.[34] In January 2018, facing multiple declared primary opponents, he announced that he would not seek reelection.[35][36][37] He said that his decision had nothing to do with the ongoing corruption probe, but that he instead wanted to spend more time with his family.[37] As a result of these investigations, longtime Brady aides Ken Smuckler and Donald "D.A." Jones were both convicted of violating federal law and each sentenced to over a year in prison for their role in facilitating and covering up the $90,000 payment to a former Brady primary opponent.[38][39]
Political positions
Brady is pro-choice and voted against President Bush's restrictions on funding to family planning groups in 2001.[40] Over the years, he has supported minors' abortion rights, voting in 2005 for the right for those under 18 years of age to obtain abortions across state lines without parental consent.[41] He voted against the Stupak-Pitts Amendment, which prohibits health insurance companies from offering abortion coverage in a plan to any citizen. He opposed a proposal to prohibit federally funded abortion services.[42] Over the past fifteen years, organizations such as the National Association for the Repeal of Abortion Laws (NARAL), the National Family Planning & Reproductive Health Association, and Planned Parenthood rated him 100%.[43]
Brady voted in favor of the Small Business Lending Fund and Tax Law Amendment. The September 2010 amendment provides loans to small business through financial institutions.[44] He supported the Small Business Jobs Bill in October 2010.
Brady voted against the Secure Fence Act (2006), which authorized the construction of additional fencing along the U.S.-Mexico border, as well as the Immigration Law Enforcement Act of 2006.[45] He supports Homeland Security Appropriations for border protection and The U.S. Visitor and Immigrant Status Technology project, which works towards improving the capability of the government to keep track of immigrants and control their entry and exit.[46] Groups such as the National Latino Congreso/William C. Velásquez Institute, the American Immigration Lawyers Association, and the anti-immigration Federation for American Immigration Reform have rated Brady between 50% and 100% for his pro-immigration political stances.[43]
Attention to constituents
Brady claims to have once refused to receive a phone call from President Bill Clinton because he was busy helping a woman who had called seeking someone to come over and fix her toilet.[47][48]
Brady has been chair of the Philadelphia Democratic Party since June 1986,[51] when he replaced previous chair Joseph Smith. In his first bid for chair, Brady had the support of Wilson Goode, Lucien Blackwell, and the majority of Philadelphia's 69 Democratic ward leaders, who felt Philadelphia's Democratic Party was suffering from fragmentation, low-morale and financial trouble after losing the District Attorney race to Republican Ron Castille.[52] He was elected by a vote of 44–23.[10]
A power struggle played out in the 1990 Democratic primary, with Brady's three party-backed candidates losing to candidates backed by William H. Gray III and the "Northwest Coalition", a group of high turnout Democratic wards in Philadelphia.[54] After these losses Brady's leadership of the party was questioned but ultimately he won a new four-year term as chair. Wilson Goode supported Brady's re-election as chair, saying "Under Bob Brady's leadership, the Democratic Party has been more unified than it ever has been in the past two decades."[55]
After winning election to US Congress in 1998, he would say that he still considered running Philadelphia's Democratic Party his top priority.[56]
In 2003, protestors surrounded Democratic Party headquarters as Democratic committee members were inside considering primary endorsements. Protestors were demanding the resignation of party treasurer Johnny Dougherty over allegations that Dougherty, in his other role as a labor union leader, denied Black workers from being selected to work on taxpayer funded projects.[57]
The Democratic City Committee holds sway in judicial elections, where candidates will pay the party upwards of $35,000 for placement on a sample ballot. Brady has a large influence on this process, saying "I'm told I elect judges. That is the hand that was dealt me as party chairman 20 years ago."[58]
"I'm looking for a judge with no ties to Bob Brady", by Philadelphia Inquirer editorial cartoonist Signe Wilkinson, 03.16.2007
Through his tenure as chair, political consultants have praised his ability to unify the party.[59][60][61][62]
Brady has received criticism for the low turnout in Philadelphia's Democratic primaries, which has been as low as 10%.[63] Had Hillary Clinton received just 27 additional votes in each Philadelphia polling place, she would've won Pennsylvania's electoral votes in the 2016 United States presidential election.[31]
In June 2020, Northeast Philadelphia ward leader Brian Eddis called on Brady to resign as chair due to "lack of diversity in the party." Brady called a meeting of clergy members and party officials to discuss how to handle racial justice protests in the wake of the murder of George Floyd and the violent confrontations that had occurred near the statue of Christopher Columbus in Marconi Plaza. No consensus was reached.[66]
In March 2021, Brady reportedly asked the candidate for the Court of Common Pleas Caroline Turner to drop out of the race in exchange for his help in getting her a judicial appointment at a later date. Brady also reportedly warned that she would not get the endorsement of Philadelphia's 2nd Democratic Ward. Brady and the Philadelphia Democratic City Committee disputed the memo's claim through an attorney and asserted no such ask ever took place. The Intercept reported, "Louis Agre, a lawyer for the city party said that Turner requested the meeting. "She said she wanted to show respect," he said. Agre, who also represents Philadelphia's 21st Ward on the city committee, said that Brady said he never asked her, or anyone else, to drop out of the race, nor did he offer support for a judgeship appointment. "He never asked her to get out of the race, he never threatened her," Agre said."[67] The 2nd Ward later endorsed Turner on March 25. Turner would go on to be defeated by Philadelphia Democratic City Committee-endorsed candidates in the Primary election.[68]
On January 25, 2007 Brady announced that he would seek the Democratic Party nomination for mayor of Philadelphia. He was the second sitting U.S. Congressman after Chaka Fattah to announce his candidacy for mayor.[69] On March 6, Brady failed to list his city pension on the financial-interests statement he filed with his nominating petitions. Within a week Milton Street filed a petition challenge to remove Brady from the ballot for failing to disclose his pension income. Another challenge was brought by a group of voters, and supported by mayoral candidates Tom Knox and Dwight Evans. On April 13, 2007, the Pennsylvania Commonwealth Court ruled that Brady's failure to not list part of his income would not keep him off the primary ballot.[70] On May 15, 2007, Brady lost the Democratic mayoral primary to Michael Nutter, finishing third in a seven candidate field[71]
Power and influence
The Philadelphia Inquirer described him as "the longtime boss of the Democratic City Committee, one of the few old-fashioned big-city political machines left. Running against him could equal career suicide."[72]
Politico described him as "the old-school politician and party boss — known in Congress as a fixer and backroom dealmaker."[1]
In 2001, the political website PoliticsPA described him as a "consummate 'backroom politician' (and we say that with respect!)" and said that he might be the best county party chair in Pennsylvania.[73] In 2003, the Pennsylvania Report said that Brady has "managed effectively to balance his multiracial district and city Democratic party."[74][75]
In 2009, the Pennsylvania Report noted that "[w]hile he still would like to be Mayor, Brady's influence and power in Philadelphia remains strong."[76]
Pennsylvania State Senator Anthony Williams said he is "probably one of the most politically astute politicians in the last 20 years, and that's rarefied air." J. Whyatt Mondesire, head of the Philadelphia chapter of the NAACP, said no one can match "Brady's relationships with politicians across the Democratic landscape."[77]
In 2015, during Pope Francis's visit to the United States, he stole the glass that the Pope drank from and then drank from it himself, had his wife and two others drink from it, had Sen. Bob Casey, his wife and mother as well as Rep. Joseph Crowley stick their fingers in the glass. He said he also planned to have the Philadelphia police dust the glass to lift the Pope's fingerprints. Brady said, "I'm sure it's blessed if the Pope drank out of it. Why not?" and "If not, I'm saying it is." Additionally, in 2009, Brady stole the glass used by former President Barack Obama after his inauguration.[78]
Congressman Brady has many times been a teller for the Joint session of the United States Congress to count and certify the Electoral College vote for president and Vice President. Congressman Brady is noted for incorrectly stating "Electoral Vote"; he instead says "Electorial Vote"
^"2009 Citizen's Guide"(PDF). The Committee of Seventy, Philadelphia, PA 19103. 2009-12-21. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2009-04-19. Retrieved 2009-12-21.
^Thomas Fitzgerald. "A well-oiled political machine slipped a cog in the primary - The city Democratic Party got only half of its candidates onto the top judicial slate. Voter turnout was a meager 10 percent.." Philadelphia Inquirer, The (PA), May 19, 2005: B01. NewsBank: Access World News. https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=AWNB&docref=news/10A5500F40494B11 .
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