Freemasonry in Canada

Freemasonry is a fraternal organisation that arose from the loose organization of medieval masons (i.e. stone workers) working in the medieval building industry.^[1]

History

Freemasonry in Canada traces its origins to the United Grand Lodge of England, the Grand Lodge of Scotland and the Grand Lodge of Ireland, as a result of Canada's history as a dominion within the British Empire. Freemasonry in the United States, including Prince Hall Freemasonry, also influenced the formation of Freemasonry in Canada. Erasmus James Philipps became a Freemason while working on a commission to resolve boundaries in New England and, in 1739, became provincial grand master for Nova Scotia; Philipps founded the first Masonic lodge in Canada at Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia.^[2] The Castle Island Virtual Lodge No. 190 is an example of an internet lodge whereby meetings are conducted online rather than in person. [1]

Masonic Fathers of Confederation

At the time of confederation in 1867, eleven men of the 37 Fathers of Confederation were Freemasons.^[3]

Hewitt Bernard – Lawyer, Recording Secretary at the Charlottetown Conference
Alexander Campbell – Senator (1867–1887), Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (1897–1892)
Frederick Carter – First Premier of Newfoundland
Edward Barron Chandler – Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick (1878–1880)
Alexander Tilloch Galt – Minister of Finance (1867), Founder of the North Western Coal and Navigation Company and Lethbridge, AB
John Hamilton Gray – Premier of New Brunswick (1856–1857)
Thomas Heath Haviland – Senator (1873–1879), Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island (1879–1884)
William Alexander Henry – Mayor of Halifax (1870–1871), Supreme Court Justice (1875–1888)
John A. Macdonald^[4] – First Prime Minister (1867–1873, 1878–1891)
William Henry Pope – Lawyer, Newspaper Editor, Colonial Secretary
Samuel Leonard Tilley – Pharmacist, Premier of New Brunswick (1861–1865), Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick (1885–1893 and 1873–1878), Originator of "Dominion" in Canada's name

Other Notable Canadian Masons

Governors

Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis – Governor General of Canada (1946–1952)
Lord Frederick Arthur Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby – Governor General of Canada (1888–1893), Namesake for the Stanley Cup
John Graves Simcoe – British Army general, Founder of York (Toronto), Introduced English common law, First Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada (1791–1796)
Henry Cockshutt – Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (1921–1927)
William Mulock – (Acting) Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (1931–1932), Postmaster General (1896–1905)
John Keiller MacKay – 19th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (1957-1963)

Politicians

John Abbott – Prime Minister (1891–1892)
Richard Bedford Bennett – Prime Minister (1930–1935)
Robert Laird Borden – Prime Minister (1911–1920)
Sir MacKenzie Bowell – Prime Minister (1894–1896)
John Diefenbaker – Prime Minister (1957–1963)^[5]
Thomas C. Douglas – Premier of Saskatchewan (1944–1961), Leader of New Democratic Party (1961–1971), father of Universal Healthcare, voted as The Greatest Canadian
George Alexander Drew – Premier of Ontario (1943–1948)
George Howard Ferguson – Premier of Ontario (1923–1930)
Donald Methuen Fleming – Minister of Finance (1957–1962), Minister of Justice and Attorney General (1962–1963)
Ezra Butler Eddy – Businessman, Mayor of Hull, Quebec, Member of Legislative Assembly of Quebec
Leslie Miscampbell Frost – Premier of Ontario (1949–1961)
Mitchell Frederick Hepburn – Youngest Premier of Ontario (1934–1942) at age 37
Alexander Keith – Mayor of Halifax (1853–1853), President of Legislative Council of Nova Scotia (1867–1873), Founder of Alexander Keith's Brewery
James Kirkpatrick Kerr – Lawyer, Senator (1903–1916), Speaker of the Senate (1909–1911)
John Ross Matheson – Lawyer, Judge, MP for Leeds (1961–1968), Helped develop the maple leaf flag and the Order of Canada.
Nathan Phillips – Mayor of Toronto (1955–1962)
Erasmus James Philipps – Member of the Nova Scotia Council (1730-1760)
Erasmus James Philipps, Old Burying Ground (Halifax, Nova Scotia)
Alexander Cameron Rutherford – First Premier of Alberta (1905–1910)
Allen Bristol Aylesworth – Senator, MP for York North, Postmaster General of Canada
George Ryerson – MPP for Toronto
Joey Smallwood – First Premier of Newfoundland, self-dubbed "The Last Father of Confederation"
William Grenville "Bill" Davis – 18th Premier of Ontario
Bob Bailey – MPP for Sarnia-Lambton
John Babington Macaulay Baxter - 19th Premier of New Brunswick
John Keiller MacKay – 19th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (1957)
Colin Thatcher – Minister of Energy Saskatchewan, (1975-1984), convicted of murdering his wife, St. George's Lodge No. 136, Moose Jaw, SK ^[6]

Businessmen

Harold Ballard – Businessman and Sportsman
Samuel Bronfman – Businessman and Philanthropist
John David Eaton – Businessman, Member of the Eaton family
John Bayne Maclean^[7] – Publisher, Founder of Maclean's magazine, the Financial Post and the Maclean Publishing Company
Colonel Samuel McLaughlin – Businessman, Philanthropist, Founder of the McLaughlin Motor Car Company
John Molson – Businessman, Founder of Molson Brewery
Joseph Seagram – Founder of Seagram Distilleries
Roy Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson of Fleet – Newspaper Proprietor, Fleet Street Mogul, Namesake for Roy Thomson Hall, Appointed Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire

Military

Major-General Malcolm Smith Mercer - Major General, The Queen's Own Rifles
Arthur William Currie – Inspector-General of the Canadian Army and vice-chancellor of McGill University
Alexander Roberts Dunn^[8] – Soldier, awarded the Victoria Cross
John MacGregor – (1889–1952) Born in Scotland, lived in Powell River B.C., fought in 2 world wars, awarded the Victoria Cross
Sam Steele – Head of the RCMP Yukon detachment during the Klondike Gold Rush
General James Wolfe – Victor in 1759 over the French at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham in Quebec
Joseph Brant (Thayendanegea) – Six Nations Reserve Mohawk leader
Captain Arthur Roy Brown – WWI flying ace
Wilfrid Reid "Wop" May – WWI flying ace, final pursuit of Manfred von Richthofen
Sir William Dillon Otter – First Canadian-born Chief of the General Staff

Science and Engineering

Sandford Fleming – Engineer, Inventor, Founding member of the Royal Society of Canada, Founder of the Canadian Institute, Inventor of Worldwide Time Zones
Kivas Tully – Chief Provincial Architect for Ontario (1868–1896), Imperial Service Order Recipient
Henry Asbjørn Larsen – Arctic explorer
William George Storm - Architect of St. Andrew's Church (Toronto) and parts of the University of Toronto

Sports

Francis Michael “King” Clancy – NHL hockey player
Charles William "The Big Bomber" Conacher, Sr. – NHL hockey player
Norman Dawe – ice hockey and sports executive^[9]
Hanson Dowell – ice hockey administrator and politician, Master at Ionic Lodge No. 73^[10]
George Dudley – ice hockey administrator and lawyer^[11]
W. A. Fry – sports administrator and newspaper publisher^[12]
Jake Gaudaur, Jr. – CFL football player and 4th Commissioner
W. B. George – sports administrator and agriculturalist^[13]
Doug Grimston – ice hockey administrator^[14]
Tim Horton^[15] – Hockey Player, Co-founder of Tim Hortons
Atholl Layton – Professional wrestler
Dr. James Naismith – Inventor of Basketball
Art Potter – ice hockey administrator^[16]
Frank Sargent – executive in ice hockey and curling^[17]
Frederick Wellington "Cyclone" Taylor – Hockey Player
W. F. Taylor – ice hockey administrator and dentist^[18]
Angus James Walters – Captain of the Bluenose
William "Whipper" John Potts – World champion professional wrestler

Clergy

Frederick Kingston – Bishop of Diocese of Algoma (1939–1944), Primate of the Anglican Church of Canada (1947–1949)
Most Rev. Derwyn Trevor Owen^[19] – Bishop of Niagara (1925–1932), Bishop of Toronto (1932–1934), Primate of the Anglican Church of Canada (1934–1947)
Clarendon Worrell^[20] – Bishop of Nova Scotia (1904–1915), Primate of the Anglican Church of Canada (1932–1934)

Arts

Glenn Ford – Actor from Classical Hollywood cinema including Superman (1978)
Watson Kirkconnell - Canadian poet, literary translator, and father of multiculturalism in Canada.
Robert William Service – Writer, Author of Poems The Shooting of Dan McGrew and The Cremation of Sam McGee
Gordon Sinclair – Journalist, Writer, Commentator, Known for The Americans

Others

Herbert Allan Borden Leal – Civil servant and academic
Hon. Dana H. Porter – Chief Justice of the Court of Appeal for Ontario
Dr. Edward Earle Shouldice
Robert Butchart
Kenneth Jewell Colpoys Dunstan

Notable Masonic buildings in Canada

Grand Lodge of Canada, King Street West, Hamilton, Ontario

Grand Lodge of Canada in the Province of Ontario, King Street West, Hamilton, Ontario
Toronto Masonic Temple, 888 Yonge Street. No longer affiliated with Freemasonry
Masonic Temple (St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador)
Montreal Masonic Memorial Temple, Montreal, QC
Saint John Masonic Temple, Saint John, New Brunswick
St. Mark's Masonic Lodge, Baddeck, NS

Governing bodies

There is a number of various supreme organisations (Grand Lodges, National Lodges, Grand Orients, and Federations) active in Canada representing a number of regularity / amity networks along with a number of independent lodges.

Supreme Body	Jurisdiction	Established	HQ	Number of Lodges	Membership	Regularity
Grand Lodge of Canada in the Province of Ontario (GLCPOO)	Ontario	1855	Hamilton	560	36,733^[21]	UGLE
Prince Hall Grand Lodge Free and Accepted Masons Province of Ontario and Jurisdiction	Ontario Quebec^[22]	1856^[22]		10^[23]		UGLE
Grand Lodge of Manitoba	Manitoba	1875^[24]	Winnipeg	54	1,971^[21]	UGLE
Grand Lodge of Newfoundland and Labrador	Newfoundland and Labrador	1997	St. John's	30	1,533^[21]	UGLE
Grand Lodge of Quebec	Quebec	1869	Montréal	77^[25]	3,771^[21]	UGLE
Grand Lodge of Nova Scotia	Nova Scotia	1866^[24]	Halifax	114	3,473^[21]	UGLE
Grand Lodge of New Brunswick	New Brunswick	1867^[24]	Saint John	51	2,568^[21]	UGLE
Grand Lodge of Prince Edward Island	Prince Edward Island	1875^[24]		15^[26]	626^[21]	UGLE
Grand Lodge of Saskatchewan	Saskatchewan	1906^[27]	Regina	58	2,365^[21]	UGLE
Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon	British Columbia Yukon	1871	Vancouver	143^[28]	6,004^[21]	UGLE
Grand Lodge of Alberta	Alberta	1905	Calgary	119^[29]	6,242^[21]	UGLE
Grande Loge ANI du Canada^{[citation needed]}	Canada	2009	Montreal	3		CLIPSAS
Fédération canadienne du Droit Humain	Canada			8 (6 in french, 1 in english, 1 in spanish)^[30]		DH
Grand Orient du Québec	Quebec	2012		4^[31]
Grande Loge Nationale du Canada	Canada	1985		16^[32]		CLIPSAS
Gran Logia de Lengua Española de Canada (Spanish Language)	Canada			5^[33]

Membership numbers could be overstated, as membership in multiple lodges is actively encouraged.

There appears to be a number of other supreme bodies in the country, including Grand Orient de France Amerique du Nord, Obédience Mixte Nord-Américaine: George Washington Union, Grand Orient du Canada, Grande Loge Autonome du Québec, Grande Loge Mixte du Québec, but the information on them is not readily available.

The Grand Lodge of Scotland has a District Grand Lodge of Newfoundland and Labrador responsible for 11 lodges.^[34]

The Grand Lodge of Alberta also includes the Northwest Territories, particularly a lodge in Yellowknife, although there used to be a lodge in Inuvik in the 2000s (Far North Lodge).

References

^ "What is Freemasonry?". freemason.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.
^ History of Freemasons in Nova Scotia
^ Michael Jenkyns (July 2017). "Canada's Sesquicentennial – Freemasonry and Confederation". Grand Lodge A.F. & A.M. of Canada in the Province of Ontario. Archived from the original on 5 December 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
^ McKeown, Trevor W. "Canadian Masonic Prime Ministers". freemasonry.bcy.ca. Retrieved 2017-06-10.
^ Developers)905-785-9906, Gouda Inc. (Web. "Famous Masons". www.torontomasons.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ "Freemasonry in Canada". freemasonrywatch.altervista.org. Retrieved 2024-08-10.
^ "Famous Masons". www.highland762.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.
^ Yumpu.com. "Bro Alexander Roberts Dunn, VC – Grand Masonic Lodge of Alberta". yumpu.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.
^ "Elgin Lodge No. 7 A. F. & A. M." The Gazette. Montreal, Quebec. January 6, 1948. p. 15.
^ "Dowell, Hanson T. (The Honourable, QC) — 94". The Chronicle Herald. Halifax, Nova Scotia. September 25, 2000. p. 37. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
^ "Court, hockey officials, MPP pay tribute to G. S. Dudley". Midland Free Press. Midland, Ontario. May 11, 1960. p. 7.
^ Cheryl MacDonald, ed. (1992). Grand Heritage. Dunnville, Ontario: Dunnville District Heritage Association. p. 315. ISBN 1-55056-084-0.
^ "Install New Officers at Kemptville Lodge". Ottawa Citizen. Ottawa, Ontario. December 30, 1933. p. 21.
^ "CAHA Official Doug Grimston Passes at 55". Lethbridge Herald. Lethbridge, Alberta. September 15, 1955. p. 7.; "Hockey Official Dies in Hospital". Medicine Hat News. Medicine Hat, Alberta. September 15, 1955. p. 4.
^ "Today in Masonic History – Miles Gilbert "Tim" Horton is Born". masonrytoday.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.
^ "Potter, Arthur (Art)". Edmonton Journal. Edmonton, Alberta. January 21, 1998. p. 16.
^ "Deaths: Sargent". The Chronicle-Journal. Thunder Bay, Ontario. September 29, 1988. p. 31.
^ "Dentist Dies Suddenly At Home". Winnipeg Tribune. Winnipeg, Manitoba. April 13, 1945. p. 43.
^ "Today in Masonic History – Derwyn Trevor Owen is Born". masonrytoday.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.
^ "Today in Masonic History – Clarendon Lamb Worrell is Born". masonrytoday.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j "Masonic Membership Stats". msana.com. Retrieved 2018-10-24.
^ ^a ^b "Brief History". Prince Hall Ontario. Retrieved 2013-05-22.
^ "Craft Lodges". Prince Hall Ontario. Retrieved 2013-05-01.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Reference:GLs Information
^ "Loges symboliques – Craft Lodges". GLQ. Retrieved 2013-05-14.
^ "PEI Constituent Lodges". GLPEI. Archived from the original on 2013-09-19. Retrieved 2013-05-15.
^ "Grand Lodge of Saskatchewan". GLS. Retrieved 2013-05-15.
^ "Membership Statistics (as of 2019)". GLBC and YT. Retrieved 2019-07-16.
^ "Lodges – Grand Lodge of Alberta". Grand Lodge of Alberta. Retrieved 2018-10-24.
^ "Le Droit Humain au Canada". Loge Delta. Archived from the original on 2017-10-17. Retrieved 2017-10-20.
^ "Lodges". GOdQ. Retrieved 2023-04-27.
^ "Lodges Reaa". GLNC. Archived from the original on 2014-02-01. Retrieved 2013-05-01.
^ "Logias Jurisdiccionadas". GLLEdC. Retrieved 2013-05-01.
^ District Grand Lodge of Newfoundland and Labrador

External links

[1] "What is Freemasonry?". freemason.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.

[2] History of Freemasons in Nova Scotia

[3] Michael Jenkyns (July 2017). "Canada's Sesquicentennial – Freemasonry and Confederation". Grand Lodge A.F. & A.M. of Canada in the Province of Ontario. Archived from the original on 5 December 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2018.

[4] McKeown, Trevor W. "Canadian Masonic Prime Ministers". freemasonry.bcy.ca. Retrieved 2017-06-10.

[5] Developers)905-785-9906, Gouda Inc. (Web. "Famous Masons". www.torontomasons.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

[6] "Freemasonry in Canada". freemasonrywatch.altervista.org. Retrieved 2024-08-10.

[7] "Famous Masons". www.highland762.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.

[8] Yumpu.com. "Bro Alexander Roberts Dunn, VC – Grand Masonic Lodge of Alberta". yumpu.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.

[9] "Elgin Lodge No. 7 A. F. & A. M." The Gazette. Montreal, Quebec. January 6, 1948. p. 15.

[10] "Dowell, Hanson T. (The Honourable, QC) — 94". The Chronicle Herald. Halifax, Nova Scotia. September 25, 2000. p. 37. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.

[11] "Court, hockey officials, MPP pay tribute to G. S. Dudley". Midland Free Press. Midland, Ontario. May 11, 1960. p. 7.

[12] Cheryl MacDonald, ed. (1992). Grand Heritage. Dunnville, Ontario: Dunnville District Heritage Association. p. 315. ISBN 1-55056-084-0.

[13] "Install New Officers at Kemptville Lodge". Ottawa Citizen. Ottawa, Ontario. December 30, 1933. p. 21.

[14] "CAHA Official Doug Grimston Passes at 55". Lethbridge Herald. Lethbridge, Alberta. September 15, 1955. p. 7.; "Hockey Official Dies in Hospital". Medicine Hat News. Medicine Hat, Alberta. September 15, 1955. p. 4.

[15] "Today in Masonic History – Miles Gilbert "Tim" Horton is Born". masonrytoday.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.

[16] "Potter, Arthur (Art)". Edmonton Journal. Edmonton, Alberta. January 21, 1998. p. 16.

[17] "Deaths: Sargent". The Chronicle-Journal. Thunder Bay, Ontario. September 29, 1988. p. 31.

[18] "Dentist Dies Suddenly At Home". Winnipeg Tribune. Winnipeg, Manitoba. April 13, 1945. p. 43.

[19] "Today in Masonic History – Derwyn Trevor Owen is Born". masonrytoday.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.

[20] "Today in Masonic History – Clarendon Lamb Worrell is Born". masonrytoday.com. Retrieved 2017-06-10.

[:0-21] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j "Masonic Membership Stats". msana.com. Retrieved 2018-10-24.

[Brief_History-22] "Brief History". Prince Hall Ontario. Retrieved 2013-05-22.

[23] "Craft Lodges". Prince Hall Ontario. Retrieved 2013-05-01.

[Bessel_GLsI-24] Reference:GLs Information

[25] "Loges symboliques – Craft Lodges". GLQ. Retrieved 2013-05-14.

[26] "PEI Constituent Lodges". GLPEI. Archived from the original on 2013-09-19. Retrieved 2013-05-15.

[27] "Grand Lodge of Saskatchewan". GLS. Retrieved 2013-05-15.

[28] "Membership Statistics (as of 2019)". GLBC and YT. Retrieved 2019-07-16.

[29] "Lodges – Grand Lodge of Alberta". Grand Lodge of Alberta. Retrieved 2018-10-24.

[30] "Le Droit Humain au Canada". Loge Delta. Archived from the original on 2017-10-17. Retrieved 2017-10-20.

[31] "Lodges". GOdQ. Retrieved 2023-04-27.

[32] "Lodges Reaa". GLNC. Archived from the original on 2014-02-01. Retrieved 2013-05-01.

[33] "Logias Jurisdiccionadas". GLLEdC. Retrieved 2013-05-01.

[34] District Grand Lodge of Newfoundland and Labrador

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Freemasonry in Canada

History

Masonic Fathers of Confederation

Other Notable Canadian Masons

Notable Masonic buildings in Canada

Governing bodies

See also

References

External links

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