Hà Giang

Hà Giang

Thành phố Hà Giang
Hà Giang Thành phố Hà Giang
City (Class-3)
	Hà Giang City
	Hà Giang Location of in Vietnam
	Coordinates: 22°50′N 104°59′E / 22.833°N 104.983°E
Country	Vietnam
Province	Hà Giang
Area
• Total	135.33 km2 (52.25 sq mi)
Population (2019)
• Total	55 559
Climate	Cwa
Website	www.hagiangcity.gov.vn (Vietnamese)

Hà Giang (listen^ⓘ) is a city located on the banks of the Lô River in the Northeast region of Vietnam. It is the capital of Hà Giang Province. The city has an area of 135.33 km² and a population of 55 559 inhabitants.^[1] The population is composed of 22 different ethnicities, of which 55.7% are Kinh and Tày people.

History

Up until the 19th century the settlement of Vị Xuyên, to the south of Hà Giang (chu Han: 河楊), was the principal market town in the area. Under the Nguyễn dynasty the town of Hà Giang, in what is now Trần Phú District, began to grow in size. In 1842 the town was included in the former Tuyên Quang Province. The town became an important French military outpost after 1886.^[2]

On August 12, 1991, the province of Hà Giang was re-established and separated from Tuyên Quang Province. When separated, Hà Giang Province contained 10 administrative units, and Hà Giang town became the provincial town of Hà Giang.

On September 27, 2010, Hà Giang town was officially upgraded into a provincial city.

In March 2014, the urban development project type II was approved by the Prime Minister in Decision No. 190, which includes the provinces of Vĩnh Phúc, Hà Giang, and Thừa Thiên–Huế, thanks to a non-refundable aid package from the Asian Development Bank (ADB). With regards to Hà Giang province, the project includes upgrading of roads, construction of 2 new bridges, and upgrading the sewage system. This investment in Hà Giang will promote economic and social sustainable development, a prerequisite for the development of the area.

Culture

Mong Village: Then Pa (Dong Van, Ha Giang) Located right at the foot of the Lung Cu National Flagpole, Lung Cu commune (Dong Van, Ha Giang), Mong Then Pa village still retains almost intact many traditional features of the Mong people such as lifestyle, walled houses with tiled roofs. yin and yang... This village for hundreds of years lies quietly next to Dragon's Eye Lake, becoming an ideal destination for tourists who love peace, getting rid of all the hustle and bustle of life.^[3]

Climate

Like most of northern Vietnam, Hà Giang has a dry-winter humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa).

Climate data for Hà Giang
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	30.3 (86.5)	33.4 (92.1)	35.3 (95.5)	38.3 (100.9)	40.1 (104.2)	38.9 (102.0)	40.0 (104.0)	40.7 (105.3)	38.4 (101.1)	35.1 (95.2)	33.5 (92.3)	31.1 (88.0)	40.7 (105.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	19.5 (67.1)	21.1 (70.0)	24.3 (75.7)	28.3 (82.9)	31.5 (88.7)	32.3 (90.1)	32.6 (90.7)	32.8 (91.0)	31.8 (89.2)	28.9 (84.0)	25.3 (77.5)	21.6 (70.9)	27.5 (81.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)	15.6 (60.1)	17.2 (63.0)	20.4 (68.7)	24.1 (75.4)	26.7 (80.1)	27.7 (81.9)	27.8 (82.0)	27.6 (81.7)	26.5 (79.7)	23.9 (75.0)	20.3 (68.5)	16.9 (62.4)	22.9 (73.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	13.3 (55.9)	14.9 (58.8)	17.9 (64.2)	21.2 (70.2)	23.4 (74.1)	24.6 (76.3)	24.7 (76.5)	24.5 (76.1)	23.3 (73.9)	21.0 (69.8)	17.2 (63.0)	14.0 (57.2)	20.0 (68.0)
Record low °C (°F)	1.5 (34.7)	4.9 (40.8)	5.4 (41.7)	10.0 (50.0)	15.2 (59.4)	17.3 (63.1)	20.1 (68.2)	18.1 (64.6)	14.3 (57.7)	9.8 (49.6)	6.5 (43.7)	2.0 (35.6)	1.5 (34.7)
Average rainfall mm (inches)	40.1 (1.58)	38.8 (1.53)	64.6 (2.54)	106.2 (4.18)	294.6 (11.60)	430.2 (16.94)	545.3 (21.47)	414.7 (16.33)	240.9 (9.48)	153.6 (6.05)	84.1 (3.31)	42.2 (1.66)	2,455.4 (96.67)
Average rainy days	11.4	10.4	12.0	14.8	17.9	20.8	24.1	21.5	15.6	13.5	10.1	8.3	180.3
Average relative humidity (%)	84.9	83.9	82.8	81.8	80.5	84.5	85.9	85.7	84.2	84.0	84.1	84.0	83.8
Mean monthly sunshine hours	54.9	56.4	68.0	107.6	158.0	132.5	156.5	172.1	161.4	124.8	108.8	88.9	1,391
Source: Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology^[4]

Administration

The following administrative units are recognized as part of Hà Giang city:

Trần Phú Ward
Minh Khai Ward
Nguyễn Trãi Ward
Quang Trung Ward
Ngọc Hà Ward
Phương Thiện
Phương Độ
Ngọc Đường

Economy

Hà Giang province is a highly mountainous region. Much of the province is too mountainous for agriculture, leaving much of the land covered by forests. Hà Giang's central plateau is good for growing plums, peaches, and persimmons, which the province exports. Tea is also grown.

Hà Giang is one of the poorest provinces of Vietnam. Traditionally, the vast majority of its economic activity revolved around agriculture and forestry, but in recent years, there have been attempts to establish a manufacturing industry. Infrastructure in Hà Giang has seen improvement, but remains poor – roads, schools, and health services are less developed than in many other parts of Vietnam. Since the designation of Dong Van Karst Plateau Geopark in 2010, the tourism industry has been growing.

Demographics

Many people in Hà Giang belong to one of Vietnam's ethnic minorities. Aside from the Viet (or Kinh), the most numerous ethnic groups in Hà Giang are the Tày, the Dao, and the Hmong.

References

^ ^a ^b General Statistics Office of Vietnam (2019). "Completed Results of the 2019 Viet Nam Population and Housing Census" (PDF). Statistical Publishing House (Vietnam). ISBN 978-604-75-1532-5.
^ Tim Doling North East VietNam:hee hee hee haaawwwww mountains and ethnic minorities 2000 Page 98 "Throughout the medieval and early modern period, the largest settlement in the area was at Vị Xuyên, south of Hà Giang, but under the Nguyễn Dynasty (1802–1945) the town of Hà Giang – located on the east bank of the Lô River in what is now the Trần Phủ District- began to grow steadily in size. In 1842 Hà Giang was incorporated into the new Tuyên Quang Province, which at that time stretched north as far as the Chinese border. Following the French conquest of the area in 1886, Hà Giang became an important colonial military outpost ..."
^ vietnamtourism.gov.vn https://vietnamtourism.gov.vn/post/54259. Retrieved 2024-01-13. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
^ "Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology" (PDF).