Timeline of Meknes

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Meknes, Morocco.

Prior to 20th century

40 CE - Romans in power in Volubilis.^[1]
217 CE - Caracallas Victory Arch erected (approximate date) in Volubilis.^[1]
285 CE - Volubilis "abandoned by the Roman military;" Berber Baqates subsequently rise to power.^[1]
10th century CE - Zenata Berber Miknasa settle in area (approximate date).^[2]
1140/1141 - Siege of Meknes by forces of Abd al-Mu'min begins (approximate date).^[2]
1150 - Siege of Meknes ends; Almohads sack town.^[2]
1170s - Al-Najjarin mosque minaret built.^[2]
1236/1237 - Marinids occupy Meknes.^[2]
1245/1246 - Marinid governor killed.^[2]
13th century: "Aqueduct, several bridges, a kasbah, mosques" and madrasas ('Attaririn, Filala, Jadida) built.^[1]^[3]
1345 - Bou Inania Madrasa (Meknes) (school) built (approximate date).^[4]
15th century: Maraboutic zawiya established.^[3]
1526 - Death of religious leader Mohammed al-Hadi ben Issa.^[2]
1640 - Dila [fr] in power.^[5]
1672 - "Mulay Ismail makes Meknes the capital of the kingdom and starts work on his royal fortress complete with palaces, granaries, lakes and stables."^[6]^[7]
1693 - The Franciscans open a mission and hospital after having provided spiritual care for Christian captives in Meknes since 1672. Moulay Ismail grants them protection under a dahir in 1698.^[8]
1703 - Mulay Ismail Mausoleum construction begins.^[9]^[10]
1709 - Bab Berdieyinne Mosque completed.^[7]
1727 - Death of Mulay Ismail.
1732/1733 - Madinat al-Riyad demolished.^[3]
1755 - Earthquake.^[3]
1832 - French artist Delacroix visits Meknes.^[1]
1882 - Palais Dar Jamaï [fr] (palace) construction begins.^[4]
1889 - Bab Dar al-Makhzen (gate) built.^[2]^(fr)

20th century

1902 - Population: 20,000 (estimate).^[2]
1911 - French military under Moinier [fr] take Meknes during the French conquest of Morocco.^[2]
1913 - Dar El Bachaouate built.^[4]
1914 - École française de Meknès (school) organized.
1918 - Military school founded.
1926 - Dar Jamai museum established.^[11]
1937 - Anti-French unrest.^[12]^[2]
1942 - École nationale d'agriculture de Meknès [fr] (school) founded.
1947 - Meknes Chamber of Commerce and Industry [fr] founded.^[13]
1951 - Population: 140,380.^[14]
1960 - Population: 175,943.^[15]
1962
- Stade d'Honneur (stadium) opens.
- COD Meknès (football club) formed.
1967 - June: Ethnic unrest.^[12]
1973 - Population: 244,520.^[16]
1982 - Faculté des sciences de Meknès [fr] (college) established.^{[citation needed]}
1989 - Moulay Ismail University founded.
1994 - Population: 443,214.^[17]
1996 - City historic centre designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
1997 - École nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers [fr] (school) established.

21st century

2003 - Aboubakr Belkora becomes mayor.^[18]
2004 - Population: 536,322.^[2]
2005 - Hassan Aourid becomes governor.^[5]
2007 - Wine festival held.^{[citation needed]}
2009 - Ahmed Hilal [fr] becomes mayor.
2010 - 19 February: Collapse of minaret of Bab Berdieyinne Mosque; dozens of fatalities.
2014 - Population: 685,408 (estimate).^[19]
2015
- Abdallah Bouanou becomes mayor.^[20]
- City becomes part of the Fès-Meknès administrative region.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Stanley 2008.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Bosworth 2007.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Aomar Boum; Thomas K. Park (2016). Historical Dictionary of Morocco (3rd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4422-6297-3.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Médina de Meknès". Patrimoine matériel (in French). Ministry of Culture (Morocco). Retrieved 27 July 2017.
^ ^a ^b Hsain Ilahiane (2006). Historical Dictionary of the Berbers (Imazighen). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6490-0.
^ "Timeline: Morocco". Discoverislamicart.org. Vienna: Museum With No Frontiers. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
^ ^a ^b Britannica 1910.
^ Nekrouf, Younès (1 January 1987). Une amitié orageuse : Moulay Ismaïl et Louis XIV (in French). FeniXX. p. 262. ISBN 978-2-402-50699-1. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
^ Cressier, Patrice; Touri, Abdelaziz (2019). "Le long voyage des chapiteaux du Royal Golf de Dar EsSalam à Rabat. Utilisation et réutilisation d'un élément clef de l'architecture islamique d'Occident en époque moderne et contemporaine". Hespéris-Tamuda. LIV (1): 41–64.
^ "Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail". Archnet. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
^ Marianne Barrucand, "Meknes", Oxford Art Online. Retrieved 28 July 2017
^ ^a ^b Susan Gilson Miller (2013). "Chronology". History of Modern Morocco. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81070-8.
^ "Chambre de Commerce, d'Industrie et de Services de Meknès" (in French). Archived from the original on 19 October 2015.
^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. pp. 171–184.
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2002. United Nations Statistics Division.
^ "A Meknès, le PJD est aux commandes", Le Parisien (in French), France, 7 September 2007
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2015. United Nations Statistics Division. 2016.
^ "Meknès/Mairie Bouanou à la recherche d'une 'identité' pour sa ville", L'Économiste (in French), Casablanca, 3 February 2016

This article incorporates information from the Arabic Wikipedia and French Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

John Windus (1725). Journey to Mequinez.
"Mequinez", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 8, New York, 1906, hdl:2027/mdp.49015002282243{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"Mequinez" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 147–148.
"Miknās", Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.), 1993
C. Edmund Bosworth, ed. (2007). "Meknes". Historic Cities of the Islamic World. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. p. 395+.
Bruce E. Stanley; Michael R.T. Dumper, eds. (2008), "Meknes", Cities of the Middle East and North Africa, Santa Barbara, US: ABC-CLIO, p. 248+, ISBN 9781576079195
"Meknès." Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture. Ed. Jonathan M. Bloom and Sheila S. Blair. Oxford University Press, 2010

in French

Octave Houdas [in French] (1885). "Monographie de Méquinez". Journal asiatique (in French).
Maurice de Périgny [in French] (1919). Au Maroc; Casablanca-Rabat-Meknes (in French). Paris P. Roger.
Laribe; et al. (1922). "Meknès". Maroc pittoresque: Fès-Meknès-et-région: album de photographies (in French). Marseille. pp. 72–98.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Pierre Champion [in French] (1924). Tanger, Fés et Meknès (in French). Paris. OCLC 470064237.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Marianne Barrucand (1985). Urbanisme princier en islam: Meknès et les villes royales islamiques post-médiévales (in French). Paris: Librairie orientaliste Paul Geuthner. ISBN 978-2705302375.
Bibliographie de Meknes (in French), 1988
Samuel Pickens (1995). Maroc: Les cités impériales: Fès, Marrakech, Meknès, Rabat-Salé (in French). Paris. ISBN 9782867700750.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Mehdi Nabti [in French] (2010). "Le mussem de Meknès: Le déclin d'une tradition spirituelle". L'Homme (in French). 193 (193): 137–165. doi:10.4000/lhomme.24352 – via Revues.org.
Élodie Valette; Patrick Dugué (2017). "L'urbanisation, facteur de développement ou d'exclusion de l'agriculture familiale en périphérie des villes: Le cas de la ville de Meknès, Maroc". lt=VertigO |VertigO (journal) (in French). 17. doi:10.4000/vertigo.18413 – via Revues.org.