User:Joseph/Turkic

This page compares Turkic languages and their conservation status.

Comparison

Merged of Turkic peoples, Turkic languages and List of Turkic languages:

Languages[1][2] Peoples
Branch Name Status Total Speak. Scr. Wiki Page count 639-1/3 National-state Ethnonym Pop. Religion
Oghuz Turkish Normal 85,197,130 Latn tr: 685,319 tr / tur  Turkey
 Northern Cyprus 		Turkish 75,700,000 Sunni, Alevi
Turkmen Normal 6,975,120 Latn tk: 7,148 tk / tuk  Turkmenistan Turkmens 8,000,000 Sunni
Gagauz Critically endangered 148,720 Latn gag: 3,007 gag Gagauzia ( Moldova) Gagauz 126,000 Orthodox
Balkan Gagauz Threatened 331,000 Latn inc:bgx 1 bgx Spoken in  Turkey
Salar Vulnerable 70,000 Latn inc:slr 356 slr Xunhua & Jishishan A.C. ( China) Salar 104,000 Sunni, Tibetan Buddhism
Azerbaijani (north) Normal 9,216,930 Latn az: 215,290 az / aze / azj  Azerbaijan Azerbaijanis 31,300,000 Shia, Sunni
Azerbaijani (south) Normal 13,924,250 Arab azb: 244,623 az / aze / azb Spoken in  Iran
Khorasani Turkic Vulnerable 916,000 Arab inc:kmz 10 kmz Khorasani Turks 1,000,000 Shia
Qashqai Normal 974,000 Arab inc:qxq 26 qxq Qashqai 949,000 Shia
Arghu Turkic Khalaj Vulnerable 52,800 Arab N/a N/a klj Khalaj 42,000 Shia
Karluk Uzbek (north) Normal 26,837,820 Latn uz: (Ltn) 344,834 uz / uzb / uzn  Uzbekistan Uzbeks 30,700,000 Sunni
Uzbek (south) Normal 6,575,700 Arab inc:uzs 5 uz / uzb / uzs Spoken in  Afghanistan
Uyghur Normal 10,405,490 Arab ug: (Ltn) 9,722 ug / uig Xinjiang A.R. ( China) Uyghurs 11,900,000 Sunni
Kipchak Kazakh Normal 13,161,980 Latn kk: (Ltn) 243,945 kk / kaz  Kazakhstan
Ili A.P., Aksay, Barkol & Mori A.C. ( China)
Altai Republic ( Russia) 		Kazakhs 15,100,000 Sunni
Kyrgyz Normal 5,010,650 Cyrl ky: 76,467 ky / kir  Kyrgyzstan
Kizilsu A.P. ( China) 		Kyrgyz 6,000,000 Sunni
Karakalpak Normal 739,270 Latn kaa: 13,168 kaa Karakalpakstan ( Uzbekistan) Karakalpaks 796,000 Sunni
Karaim Critically endangered 84 Cyrl inc:kdr 33 kdr Spoken in  Ukraine and  Poland Crimean Karaites 2,000 Karaite Judaism
Tatar Normal 5,283,650 Cyrl tt: (Ltn) 708,895 tt / tat Tatarstan Volga Tatars 6,200,000 Sunni, Orthodox
Crimean Tatar Severely endangered 542,740 Latn crh: 29,709 crh Crimea Crimean Tatars 500,000 Sunni
Siberian Tatar Definitely endangered 101,000 Cyrl inc:sty 242 sty Spoken in Siberia Siberian Tatars 6,000 Sunni
Bashkir Vulnerable 1,235,040 Cyrl ba: 64,280 ba / bak Bashkortostan Bashkirs 1,700,000 Sunni
Kumyk Vulnerable 426,000 Cyrl inc:kum 711 kum Spoken in Kumykia ( Dagestan) Kumyks 520,000 Sunni
Nogai Definitely endangered 87,100 Cyrl inc:nog 1,045 nog Dagestan
Karachay-Cherkessia 		Nogais 110,000 Sunni
Karachay-Balkar Vulnerable 311,700 Cyrl krc: 2,831 krc Karachay-Cherkessia Karachays 346,000 Sunni
Kabardino-Balkaria Balkars 112,000 Sunni
Oghur Chuvash Vulnerable 1,279,650 Cyrl cv: 59,040 cv / chv Chuvashia Chuvashes 1,500,000 Orthodox, Vattisen Yaly
Siberian Turkic Yakut Vulnerable 450,000 Cyrl sah: 18,191 sah  Sakha (Yakutia) Yakuts (Sakha) 482,000 Orthodox, Tengrism
Khakas Definitely endangered 42,610 Cyrl inc:kjh 1,082 kjh Khakassia Khakas 75,000 Orthodox, Tengrism
Altai (south) Severely endangered 57,400 Cyrl alt: 1,110 alt Altai Republic Altaians, Telengits, Teleuts 80,593 Burkhanism, Tengrism, Orthodox
Altai (north) Severely endangered inc:atv 33 atv Spoken in Altai Republic and Altai Krai Chelkans, Kumandins, Tubalars 6,038
Dolgan Definitely endangered 1,050 Cyrl inc:dlg 5 dlg Spoken in Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District Dolgans 13,000 Tengrism, Orthodox
Shor Severely endangered 2,840 Cyrl inc:cjs 20 cjs Spoken in Kemerovo Oblast Shors 8,000 Orthodox, Tengrism
Chulym Critically endangered 44 Cyrl inc:clw 6 clw Spoken in Tomsk Oblast and Krasnoyarsk Krai Chulyms 355 Orthodox
Tuvan Vulnerable 297,500 Cyrl tyv: 4,128 tyv Tuva Tuvans 274,858 Tibetan Buddhism, Tengrism
Tofa (Karagas) Critically endangered 93 Cyrl N/a N/a kim Spoken in Tofalariya ( Irkutsk Oblast) Tofalars 800 Tengrism, Orthodox
Spoken in Khövsgöl ( Mongolia) Dukha 282 Tengrism
Western Yugur Severely endangered 4,600 Latn inc:ybe 3 ybe Sunan A.C. ( China) Yugurs 13,000 Tibetan Buddhism, Tengrism
Khotons spoke a Turkic (Uyghur, Uzbek or Kyrgyz) dialect (ru) until 19th century. Spoken in Uvs ( Mongolia) Khotons 10,000 Sunni
Soyot language is extinct, but there are revitalization efforts. Spoken in Buryatia Soyots 3,608 Tibetan Buddhism
Kipchak Krymchak Critically endangered 202 Hebr inc:jct 29 jct Spoken in  Ukraine and  Israel Krymchaks 1,000 Orthodox Judaism
Oghuz Urum Definitely endangered 185,000 Cyrl N/a N/a uum Spoken in  Ukraine and  Georgia Urums 185,000 Orthodox
Karluk Äynu Critically endangered 12,000 Arab N/a N/a aib Spoken in Xinjiang,  China Äynu 40,000 Shia
Ili Turki Severely endangered 240 Cyrl inc:ili 2 ili Ili Turks 177 Islam
Karluk Chagatai Extinct 0 Arab inc:chg 1 chg Spoken in Central Asia between 15th-20th century.
Karakhanid Historical 0 N/a N/a xqa Spoken in Central Asia between 9th-15th century.
Khorezmian Historical 0 N/a N/a zkh Spoken in Golden Horde between 13th–14th century.
Oghuz Ottoman Turkish Historical 0 Arab src:ota 56 ota Spoken in Ottoman Empire from 15th century. Evolved into modern Turkish.
Pecheneg Historical 0 N/a N/a xpc Spoken by Pechenegs in Central and Eastern Europe in 7th–12th century.
Oghur Bulgar Historical 0 N/a N/a xbo Spoken by Bulgars until 14th century.
Khazar Historical 0 Orkh N/a N/a zkz Spoken by Khazars until 13th century.
Siberian Turkic Old Turkic Historical 0 Orkh inc:otk 15 otk Spoken in Central Asia and Mongolia between 7th -13th century.
Old Uyghur Historical 0 Old Uyg N/a N/a oui Spoken in Uyghur Khaganate, Qocho, Ganzhou Uyghur Kingdom between 9th–14th century.
Kipchak Cuman Extinct 0 Latn N/a N/a qwm Spoken by Cumans and Kipchaks, became extinct in 17th century.
Turkic languages Normal 190M 2M trk Turkic peoples 193M
  in  Russia

Tree

Turkic
Common Turkic
Southwest (Oghuz)
Arghu

Khalaj (klj)

Northwest (Kipchak)
Southeast (Karluk)
Northeast (Siberian)
North

Yakut (Sakha) (sah)

Dolgan (dlg)

South
Sayan

Tuvan (tyv)

Tofa (Karagas) (kim)

Yenisei

Chulym (clw)

Altai (north) (atv)

Oghur Turkic

Chuvash (chv)

Khazar (zkz) †

Bulgar (xbo) †

Wikimedia projects

Purge

Wikipedia Incubator Projects

Main article: incubator:User:Joseph/sandbox
Page count[3] Languages
1,000+ Khakas, Nogai
100+ Kumyk , Siberian Tatar, Salar

Conservation status

Ethnologue classification

Size and Vitality according to Ethnologue 2024th edition:

Size Institutional Stable Endangered Extinct
1M to 1B Turkish, Azerbaijani (north / south), Turkmen, Uzbek (north / south), Uyghur, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tatar, Bashkir Khorasani Turkic, Qashqai
10K to 1M Yakut, Tuvan, Altai (south) Khakas, Gagauz, Karakalpak, Crimean Tatar, Siberian Tatar, Kumyk, Karachay-Balkar Chuvash, Khalaj, Nogai, Balkan Gagauz Turkish, Salar, Altai (north), Äynu
Less than 10K Urum, Karaim, Krymchak, Dolgan, Shor, Western Yugur, Ili Turki
None Tofa, Chulym Chagatai

Glottolog classification

AES according to Glottolog Edition 5.0:[4]

Status Language
Not endangered

Turkish, Azerbaijani (north / south), Uzbek (north / south), Uyghur, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Turkmen, Tatar, Tuvan, Qashqai, Karakalpak, Siberian Tatar

Threatened

Bashkir, Yakut, Khorasani Turkic, Chuvash, Gagauz, Kumyk, Karachay-Balkar, Khalaj, Crimean Tatar

Shifting

Altai (south / north), Nogai, Khakas, Balkan Gagauz Turkish, Salar, Urum, Dolgan, Western Yugur, Äynu

Moribund

Shor, Chulym

Nearly Extinct

Karaim, Krymchak, Tofa (Karagas), Ili Turki

Extinct Chagatai, Ottoman Turkish, Pecheneg, Bulgar, Old Uyghur

ECRML

The following languages are protected by European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages as of 1 November 2022.[5]

Language Country Part
Crimean Tatar Ukraine II-III
Gagauz Ukraine II-III
Karaim Poland II-III
Ukraine II
Krymchak Ukraine II
Tatar Finland II
Poland II-III
Romania II
Turkish Bosnia and Herzegovina II-III
Romania II-III

Automatic Translation

Language Google Translate[6] Microsoft Translator[7] Yandex Translate[8] Meta AI NLLB[9]
Azerbaijani Latin
Bashkir Cyrillic
Crimean Tatar Cyrillic N/a N/a Latin
Chuvash Cyrillic N/a Cyrillic N/a
Karachay-Balkar in development N/a Cyrillic N/a
Kazakh Cyrillic & Latin Cyrillic
Khakas in development N/a Cyrillic N/a
Kyrgyz Cyrillic & Latin Cyrillic Cyrillic
Nogai future N/a Cyrillic N/a
Tatar Cyrillic Cyrillic & Latin Cyrillic
Turkish Latin
Turkmen Latin N/a Latin
Tuvan Cyrillic N/a Cyrillic N/a
Uyghur Arabic N/a Arabic
Uzbek Latin Cyrillic & Latin Latin
Yakut Cyrillic N/a Cyrillic N/a
South Azerbaijani N/a N/a N/a Arabic
Gagauz in development N/a N/a N/a
Karakalpak in development N/a N/a N/a
Khorasani Turkic in development N/a N/a N/a
Kumyk in development N/a N/a N/a
Qashqai in development N/a N/a N/a
Salar in development N/a N/a N/a
Shor in development N/a N/a N/a
Siberian Tatar in development N/a N/a N/a
Southern Altai in development N/a N/a N/a
Urum in development N/a N/a N/a
Balkan Gagauz future[10] N/a N/a N/a

Map

Map
Turkic languages

Wikidata

Name Speakers UNESCO status Ethnologue status Country Peoples Pop.
Altai (north) 4 severely endangered 6b Threatened Russia Chelkans (Q2632800) 1,290
Kumandins (Q1556876) 2,408
Tubalar (Q1313979) 3,620
Altai (south) 55,720 3 definitely endangered 2 Provincial Russia Altai people (Q244735) 78,125
Telengits (Q1377301) 2,730
Teleuts (Q1123129) 2,217
Äynu 12,000 6b Threatened People's Republic of China Äynu people (Q307559)
Azerbaijani (north) 9,220,610 1 National Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia Azerbaijanis (Q482942)
Azerbaijani (south) 13,800,000 3 Wider Communication Iran, Turkey
Balkan Gagauz Turkish 464,000 7 Shifting Turkey, North Macedonia, Bulgaria (no entity)
Bashkir 1,200,000 2 vulnerable 2 Provincial Russia, Estonia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan Bashkir people (Q485348) 1,700,000
Chulym 44 5 critically endangered 8a Moribund Russia Chulyms (Q979326) 382
Chuvash 738,070 3 definitely endangered 2 Provincial Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan Chuvash people (Q253410) 1,509,300
Crimean Tatar 552,740 4 severely endangered 5 Developing Ukraine, Turkey, Romania, Bulgaria, Russia, Uzbekistan Crimean Tatars (Q117458) 257,592, 2,902
Dolgan 4,836 3 definitely endangered 6b Threatened Russia Dolgans (Q368879) 8,157
Gagauz 148,720 3 definitely endangered 5 Developing Moldova Gagauz (Q180361) 126,010, 9,272, 31,900
Ili Turki 120 4 severely endangered 8a Moribund People's Republic of China Ili Turks (Q66887629) 600
Karachay-Balkar 305,364, 310,400 2 vulnerable 5 Developing Russia Karachays (Q243274) 226,271
Balkars (Q192604) 125,044
Karaim 80 8a Moribund Lithuania, Poland, Crimea Crimean Karaites (Q720982) 2,000
Karakalpak 583,410 5 Developing Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Russia, Turkey Karakalpaks (Q276315) 752,646, 838
Kazakh 12,900,000 1 safe 1 National Kazakhstan, Russia, People's Republic of China, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Germany, Kyrgyzstan, Turkey, Iran, Azerbaijan, Ukraine Kazakhs (Q80040) 16,000,000
Khakas 42,604 3 definitely endangered, 2 vulnerable 2 Provincial Russia Khakass people (Q240293) 61,365
Khalaj 53,900 2 vulnerable 6a Vigorous Iran Khalaj people (Q2977219)
Khorasani Turkic 886,000 2 vulnerable 6a Vigorous Iran Khorasani Turks (Q7408116) 12,000,000
Krymchak 785 8b Nearly Extinct Russia, Ukraine Krymchaks (Q1140111) 954
Kumyk 426,212 2 vulnerable 5 Developing Russia Kumyk people (Q211018) 565,830
Kyrgyz 4,568,480 1 safe 1 National People's Republic of China, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan Kyrgyz people (Q484479) 6,000,000
Nogai 87,119 6b Threatened Russia Nogais (Q192616) 109,042
Karagash (Q2024808) 218
Qashqai 995,000 6a Vigorous Iran Qashqai people (Q249893) 959,000
Salar 70,000 2 vulnerable 6b Threatened People's Republic of China Salar people (Q336258) 165,159
Shor 2,839 4 severely endangered 7 Shifting Russia Shors (Q874363) 10,507, 177
Siberian Tatar 101,000 3 definitely endangered 6a Vigorous, 5 Developing Russia, Turkey Siberian Tatars (Q1983600) 6,297
Tatar 5,200,000 1 safe 2 Provincial Russia Volga Tatars (Q1484689)
Nağaybäk (Q1480718) 5,719
Tofa (Karagas) 93 5 critically endangered 8a Moribund Russia Tofalar (Q655404) 719
Dukha (Q2604698) 208
Turkish 82,231,620, 5,870,300 1 safe 1 National Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Turkey, Northern Cyprus Turks (Q84072) 65,000,000, 81,000,000
Turkmen 6,975,120, 16,000,000 1 safe 1 National Afghanistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan Turkmens (Q484472)
Tuvan 297,000 2 vulnerable 2 Provincial Mongolia, Russia, People's Republic of China Tuvans (Q193067) 295,384
Tozhu Tuvans (Q2045605) 7,278
Urum 185,000 3 definitely endangered 6b Threatened Ukraine, Greece, Georgia Urums (Q2502272)
Uyghur 10,400,000 2 Provincial People's Republic of China, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Mongolia, Albania, Turkey Uyghurs (Q46118) 12,314,800
Uzbek (north) 25,100,000 1 National Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan Uzbeks (Q483047) 30,000,000
Uzbek (south) 4,165,700 2 Provincial Afghanistan
Western Yugur 4,600 4 severely endangered 8a Moribund People's Republic of China Yugurs (Q34283) 14,706
Yakut 450,000 2 vulnerable 2 Provincial Russia Yakuts (Q486316) 478,409
Khotons (Q3875052) 12,057
Soyot (Q1185225) 4,368

Samples

Name UDHR Archive.org
Altai (south) Cryl Altaic
Altai (north)
Äynu
Azerbaijani (north) Latn Cryl Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani (south)
Balkan Gagauz
Bashkir Bashkir
Chulym
Chuvash Cryl Chuvash
Crimean Tatar Latn Crimean Tatar
Dolgan Dlg
Gagauz Latn Gagauz
Ili Turki
Karachay-Balkar Karachay-Balkar
Karaim
Karakalpak Cryl Karakalpak
Kazakh Cryl Kazakh
Khakas Cryl
Khalaj
Khorasani Turkic
Krymchak
Kumyk Kumyk
Kyrgyz Cryl Kyrgyz
Nogai Nogay
Qashqai Qashqai
Salar Latn Salar
Shor Cryl Cjs
Siberian Tatar
Tatar Cryl Tatar
Tofa (Karagas)
Turkish Latn Turkish
Turkmen Latn Cryl Turkmen
Tuvan Cryl Tuvan
Urum
Uyghur Arab Uyghur
Uzbek (north) Latn Cryl Uzbek
Uzbek (south)
Western Yugur
Yakut Cryl Yakut

Organizations

Organization Abbreviation Founded Website
Organization of Turkic States OTS 2009 https://www.turkicstates.org/
International Organization of Turkic Culture TURKSOY 1993 https://www.turksoy.org/
Parliamentary Assembly of Turkic States TURKPA 2008 https://turkpa.org/
Turkic Academy TWESCO 2012 https://turkicacademy.org/
Turkic Culture and Heritage Foundation (wikidata) ITCHF 2015 https://itchf.org/
The Union of Turkic Chamber of Commerce and Industry TCCI 2019 TCCI on X
Turkic Investment Fund 2025 https://www.turkicfund.org/
Turkic University Union TURKUNIB 2013 http://www.turkunib.org/
Geographical Council of Turkic States   2023
Alliance of Cultural Capitals of the Turkic World TURKBIR 2023
The Union of Filmmakers of Turkic Countries TÜRKFİLM 2023
Union of Turkish World Municipalities TDBB 2003 https://www.tdbb.org.tr/
Union of Engineers and Architects of Turkic World TDMMB 2002 https://www.tdmmb.org.tr/
  1. ^ Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2020). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (23rd ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
  2. ^ For test wikis, as of 28 October 2023.
  3. ^ As of 26 December 2020.
  4. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (eds.). Glottolog. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  5. ^ "Languages covered by the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages". 1 November 2022. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
  6. ^ "Diller - Google Çeviri". translate.google.com. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
  7. ^ "Language support - Translator - Azure Cognitive Services". docs.microsoft.com. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  8. ^ "Supported languages". yandex.com. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  9. ^ "Meta AI Research Topic - No Language Left Behind". ai.meta.com. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  10. ^ "Unlocking Zero-Resource Machine Translation to Support New Languages in Google Translate". Google AI Blog. Retrieved 23 July 2022.

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