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Tebu

Tebu
Toubou
Gorane
Uomo tebu
 
Popolazione2.250.000
LinguaTebu (Dazaga,[1] Tedaga[2]), arabo, francese, inglese
ReligioneIslam (sunnita)
Distribuzione
Ciad (bandiera) Ciad1.370.000
Libia (bandiera) Libia580.000
Niger (bandiera) Niger160.710
Sudan (bandiera) Sudan139.290
Area Tebu (in rossiccio) e Dassa (in arancio)

I Tebu, chiamati anche Toubou, Tubu o Tibbu (in lingua Tebu antica: "Popolo delle rocce;"[3]), sono una popolazione del Sahara, comprendente circa 2 milioni d'individui, che vive sparsa su un'area molto vasta e discontinua tra il nord del Ciad e del Niger e la regione di Cufra, nella Libia sud-orientale.

Si dividono in due popoli strettamente correlati: i Teda o Tedda ed i Daza o Dassa.

I Tebu appartengono alla razza sahariana del ceppo degli Etiopidi, caratterizzata da pelle bruna, alta statura, naso aquilino. La loro lingua appartiene alla famiglia sahariana occidentale.

I Tebu sono pastori nomadi specialmente di dromedari e abitano in grandi tende smontabili e percorrono ampi spazi alla ricerca dei pascoli.

Gli usi familiari e sociali sono strettamente regolati dall'Islam, di cui i Tebu sono nominalmente osservanti ma nella religione si notano ancora tracce dell'antico paganesimo.

Con l'arrivo nel loro territorio degli Arabi, i Tebu furono progressivamente confinati ai margini delle oasi più lontane e, per tale estrema dislocazione, sono una delle popolazioni meno note.

I Tebu sono noti anche come Tabu, Tebu, Tebou, Tibu, Tibbu, Toda, Todga, Todaga, Tubu, Tuda, Tudaga, e Umbararo.[2] I Dazaga sono a volte noti come Gouran (o Gorane, Goran, Gourane), un esonimo arabo.[4] Molti sovrani e altri leader del Chad sono stati Tebu (Gouran), incluso il presidente Goukouni Oueddei.[5]

Note

Bibliografia

  • P. Fuchs, Uber die Tebbu von Tibesti, 1956

Altri progetti

Controllo di autoritàBNF (FRcb11959297t (data)

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