Belize is the most sparsely populated nation in Central America. It is larger than El Salvador. Slightly more than half of the people live in rural areas. About one-fourth live in Belize City, the principal port, commercial centre, and former capital. About 80% of the population are Christian.
Most Belizeans are of multiracial descent. About 52.9% of the population is of mixed Indigenous (mostly Maya) and European descent (or Mestizo), 24.9% are Kriols, about 10.6% are Maya, and about 6.1% are Afro-Amerindian (Garifuna).[1] The remaining population includes European, East Indian, Chinese, Middle Eastern, and North American groups. In the case of Europeans, most are descendants of Spanish and British colonial settlers, whether pure-blooded or mixed with each other. Most Spanish left the nation just after it was taken by the British colonists who, in the same way, left after independence. Dutch and PrussianMennonites settled in Belize, mostly in isolated areas.
Population size and structure
According to the Statistical Institute of Belize, the current population stands at 441,471.[2]
In conjunction with a census of the British Empire, census data was compiled for Belize in 1790, 1816, 1823, 1826, 1829, 1832, 1835, 1861, 1871, 1881, 1891, 1901, 1911, 1921, 1931 and 1946. Belize conducted its own censuses in 1960, 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000, 2010, and 2022.
Structure of the population (01.07.2017) (Estimates)[3]
Age Group
Male
Female
Total
%
Total
193 942
193 937
387 879
100
0-4
23 163
22 116
45 330
11.69
5-9
23 771
23 424
47 195
12.17
10-14
22 693
22 659
45 352
11.69
15-19
20 850
20 831
41 681
10.75
20-24
18 046
18 695
36 741
9.47
25-29
15 427
16 458
31 885
8.22
30-34
13 335
14 137
27 472
7.08
35-39
12 144
12 732
24 876
6.41
40-44
10 367
10 495
20 862
5.38
45-49
9 187
8 802
17 989
4,64
50-54
7 152
6 949
14 101
3.64
55-59
5 416
4 976
10 392
2.68
60-64
3 957
3 527
7 484
1.93
65-69
2 814
2 474
5 288
1.36
70-74
2 230
1 975
4 205
1.08
75-79
1 564
1 518
3 082
0.79
80+
1 776
1 994
3 770
0.97
Age group
Male
Female
Total
Percent
0-14
62 824
61 649
124 473
35.59
15-64
104 484
106 035
210 519
60.20
65+
7 557
7 179
14 736
4.21
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2021):[4]
Age Group
Male
Female
Total
%
Total
215 099
215 092
430 191
100
0–4
25 746
24 724
50 470
11.73
5–9
26 363
25 979
52 342
12.17
10–14
25 169
25 130
50 299
11.69
15–19
23 124
23 103
46 227
10.75
20–24
20 014
20 734
40 748
9.47
25–29
17 112
18 253
35 365
8.22
30–34
14 788
15 681
30 469
7.09
35–39
13 469
14 119
27 588
6.41
40–44
11 497
11 641
23 138
5.38
45–49
10 189
9 760
19 949
4.64
50–54
7 934
7 708
15 642
3.64
55–59
6 005
5 519
11 524
2.68
60–64
4 390
3 912
8 302
1.93
65-69
3 121
2 744
5 865
1.36
70-74
2 473
2 190
4 663
1.08
75-79
1 735
1 684
3 419
0.79
80+
1 970
2 211
4 181
0.97
Age group
Male
Female
Total
Percent
0–14
77 278
75 833
153 111
35.59
15–64
128 522
130 430
258 952
60.19
65+
9 299
8 829
18 128
4.21
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Most Europeans are descendants of Spanish and British colonial settlers. Most Spanish left the nation just after it was taken by the British colonists who, in the same way, left after independence. Beginning in 1958, Plautdietsch-speaking Mennonites of "Russian" Mennonite and Pennsylvania Dutch heritage settled in Belize, mostly in isolated areas.
Maya
Because Belize's original Maya peoples were decimated by disease and wars or fled to Mexico and Guatemala, most of the country's Maya today are descended from other groups. The current Maya population consists mainly of three language groups.
The Yucatec fled to Belize in the late 1840s to escape the Caste War in Yucatán, Mexico. Their descendants live in the Orange Walk and Corozal districts, which border on Mexico. Before the massive migration of Yucatec Maya from Mexico to Belize, a local Yucatec Maya group named the Iciache Maya already inhabited the land. Today most Yucatec Maya work in the sugar cane industry.
In the 1870s-1880s, many Q'eqchi' fled from Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, where their communal land were seizured for coffee plantations, where they were forced into service. They settled villages in the Toledo district. Living near rivers and streams, they are primarily farmers, though many younger people now work in tourism, and on shrimp, banana and citrus plantations.
The Mopans originated in Belize, but most were driven out to Guatemala after the British displaced Spanish in a struggle that took most of the 18th century. They returned to Belize in 1886, running from enslavement and taxation in Petén. The Cayo district and San Antonio in the Toledo district are their homes now.
Q'eqchi' and Mopan have intermarried, though the two languages remain distinct and mutually unintelligible. Mopan and Yucatec are mutually intelligible.
Population of Belize according to ethnic group[13][14]
English is the only official language of Belize. It is the main language used in government and education.[15] Although only 5.6% of the population speaks it as the main language at home, 54% can speak it very well, and another 26% can speak some English. 37% of Belizeans consider their primary language to be Kriol, an English-based creole of words and syntax from various African languages (namely Akan, Igbo, and Twi),[16] and other languages (Miskito, Caliche).
Kriol shares similarities with many Caribbean English Creoles as far as phonology and pronunciations are concerned. Also, many of its words and structures are both lexically and phonologically similar to English, its superstrate language. Because it is English-based, all Kriol speakers can understand English. A number of linguists classify Belizean Kriol as a separate language, while others consider it to be a dialect of English.
Spanish is the mother tongue of Mestizo and Central American refugees and is commonly spoken at home by 56.6% to 68.8% of the population. Maya dialects such as Q'eqchi', Mopan and Yucatec are spoken. Garifuna (which is Arawakan/Maipurean based, with elements of the Carib language, French, and Spanish) and the Plautdietsch and Pennsylvania German dialects of the Mennonites are spoken as well. Literacy currently stands at nearly 80%. In 2001, UNESCO declared the Garifuna language, dance, and music a "Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity". English is the primary language of public education, with Spanish taught in primary and secondary school as well. Bilingualism is highly encouraged, and therefore, very common.
According to the 2010 census[17][18]Catholics constitute 40.1% of the population of Belize, down from 49.6% in 2000 and 57.7% in 1991;[19]Protestants constitute 31.7% of the population, with a slight growth in percentage for some groups since 2000 (8.5% Pentecostal; 5.5% Adventist; 4.6% Anglican; 3.8% Mennonite; 3.6% Baptist; 2.9% Methodist; 2.8% Nazarene); Jehovah's Witnesses are 1.7% of the population. 10.2% of Belizeans follow other religions (with a growth in percentage since 2000); amongst these there are followers of the indigenous Maya religion, Garifuna religion, Obeah and Myalism, and minorities of Mormons, Hindus, Buddhists, Muslims, Baháʼís, Rastafarians and other.[20] The Mennonites, of German descent, live mostly in the rural districts of Cayo and Orange Walk. 15.6% of the Belizean population do not adhere to any religion, up from 9.4% in 2000.
The Constitution of Belize provides for freedom of religion, and other laws and policies contribute to the generally free practice of religion. The Government at all levels protects this right in full against abuse, either by governmental or private actors. The Government generally respects religious freedom in practice. In 2008, the U.S. government received no reports of societal abuses or discrimination based on religious affiliation, belief, or practice.
^"Archived copy". celade.cepal.org. Archived from the original on 20 December 2008. Retrieved 14 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
