Guanahatabey language

Guanahatabey
Guanahatabey
Native to	Cuba
Region	Pinar del Río Province and Isla de la Juventud
Ethnicity	Guanahatabey
Extinct	16th century
Language family	unclassified; (Waroid ?; one of the pre-Arawakan languages of the Greater Antilles)
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (mis)
Glottolog	None
	Precolombian languages of the Antilles. Guanahatabey Ciboney Taíno, Classic Taíno, and Iñeri were Arawakan, Karina and Yao were Cariban. Macorix, Ciguayo and Guanahatabey are unclassified.

Guanahatabey (Guanajatabey) was the language of the Guanahatabey people, a hunter-gatherer society that lived in western Cuba until the 16th century. Very little is known of it, as the Guanahatabey experienced genocide in the period of Spanish colonization before substantial information about them was recorded. Evidence suggests it was distinct from the Taíno language spoken in the rest of the island.^[1]^[2]

Background

The Guanahatabey were hunter-gatherers that appear to have predated the agricultural Ciboney, the Taíno group that inhabited most of Cuba. By the contact period, the Guanahatabey lived primarily in far western Pinar del Río Province, which the Ciboney did not settle and was colonized by the Spanish relatively late. Spanish accounts indicate that Guanahatabey was distinct from and mutually unintelligible with the Taíno language spoken in the rest of Cuba and throughout the Caribbean.^[1]^[3] Not a single word of the Guanahatabey language has been documented.

Toponyms

However, Julian Granberry and Gary Vescelius have identified five placenames that they consider non-Taíno, and which may thus derive from Guanahatabey. Granberry and Vescelius argue that the names have parallels in the Warao language, and further suggest a possible connection with the Macoris language of Hispaniola (see Waroid languages).^[4]

Possible Guanahatabey toponyms^[5]
Name	Warao parallel	Warao meaning
Camujiro	ka-muhi-ru	'palm-tree trunks'
Guara	wara	'white heron'
Guaniguaníco (mountain range in western Cuba)	wani-wani-ku	'hidden moon, moon-set'
Hanábona (a savannah)	hana-bana	'sugarcane plumes'
Júcaro (three locations)	hu-karo	'double pointed, tree crotch'

Notes

^ ^a ^b Rouse, pp. 20–21.
^ Granberry and Vescelius, pp. 18–20.
^ Granberry and Vescelius, pp. 15, 18–19.
^ Granberry and Vescelius, pp. 75–77.
^ Granberry and Vescelius, p. 76, Table 6

References

Granberry, Julian; Vescelius, Gary (1992). Languages of the Pre-Columbian Antilles. University of Alabama Press. ISBN 081735123X.
Rouse, Irving (1992). The Tainos. Yale University Press. p. 40. ISBN 0300051816.