Ontong Java language

Ontong Java
Luangiua
Native toSolomon Islands
RegionOntong Java Atoll
Native speakers
(2,400 cited 1999)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3ojv
Glottologonto1237

Ontong Java is a Polynesian language spoken on the Ontong Java Atoll in Solomon Islands. Its dialects—Luangiua and Pelau—are named after the two principal inhabited islands; the name Luangiua is also commonly used to refer to the Ontong Java language as a whole.[2][3]

Ontong Java is commonly used by all speakers, young and old. There are approximately 2,370 residents[4] of Ontong Java Atoll and has an estimated 2,400 speakers living on the atoll.

Classification

Ontong Java is closely related to the Ellicean languages of Polynesia and to Sikaiana, Takuu, and Nukumanu in Papua New Guinea.[4]

Phonology

The phoneme inventory of this language is poorly studied, and many sources have conflicting phoneme inventories.[3]: 226 [5]

Consonants[3][6]
Labial Alveolar Velar Glottal
Nasal m ŋ
Plosive p k ʔ
Fricative v s h
Lateral l[note 1]
Vowels[3]
Front Central Back
High i u
Mid e o
Low a

An older source lists two additional vowels, /ɑ/ and /ə/.[5]

Grammar

Ontong Java word order is normally VSO[4] and SVO.[7]

Notes

  1. ^ This source says there is one liquid consonant (r / l), but does not specify which one.

References

  1. ^ Ontong Java at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ "Luangiua". Glottolog. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  3. ^ a b c d Salmond, Anne (1974). A Generative Syntax of Luangiua: A Polynesian Language. The Hague, Netherlands: Mouton & Co. NV. pp. 256.
  4. ^ a b c "Ontong Java". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2019-10-10.
  5. ^ a b Lanyon-Orgill, Peter A. (1944). A Study of the Leuangiua Language. The Hague, Netherlands: Luzac & Co. p. 24.
  6. ^ Krupa, Viktor (1973). Polynesian Languages: A Survey of Research. The Hague, Netherlands: Mouton & Co. NV. pp. 108.
  7. ^ Tomlin, Russell S. (2014-02-03). Basic Word Order (RLE Linguistics B: Grammar): Functional Principles. Routledge. ISBN 9781317933793.

Further reading

  • Thorpe, Mary Anne (1968). A Transformational-generative Syntax of Luangiua (Thesis). University of Auckland.
  • Hogbin, H. I. B. (1930). "Notes on a grammar of the language of Ontong Java". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. 5 (4): 823–853. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00090534.


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