ARTIKELDIGITAL.COM

conquest of Transoxiana. The Sogdian city-states, although never politically united, were centred on the city of Samarkand. Sogdian, an Eastern Iranian language...

contains Sogdian text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Sogdian characters. The Sogdian alphabet...

Sogdian may refer to: anything pertaining to Sogdia / Sogdiana Sogdian language Sogdian alphabet Sogdian people Sogdian (Unicode block) Old Sogdian (Unicode...

contains Sogdian text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Sogdian characters. The Sogdian language...

The Sogdian Whirl dance or Sogdian Whirl (胡旋, Húxuăn, "Whirling Barbarian", also 胡旋舞, Húxuănwǔ, "Dance of the Whirling Barbarian", sometimes rendered as...

The Sogdian warriors were cavalry in Achaemenid army. The Sogdiana provided contingents of soldiers to the Achaemenid kings. And would later also be used...

Nana was an ancient Eastern Iranian goddess worshiped by Bactrians, Sogdians and Chorasmians, as well as by non-Iranian Yuezhi, including Kushans, as the...

Sogdian art Sogdian art refers to art produced by the Sogdians, an Iranian people living mainly in ancient Sogdia, present-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan,...

Cophen 11 Sogdian Rock 10 Persian Gate 9 Uxians 8 Gaugamela 7 Alexandria 6 Gaza 5 Tyre 4 Issus 3 Miletus 2 Granicus 1 Pella     The Sogdian Rock or Rock...

The Sogdian states refers to a number of independent or autonomous city-states in the Iranian region of Sogdia in late antiquity and the medieval period...

romanized: Rawšanak) sometimes known as Roxanne, Roxanna and Roxane, was a Bactrian or Sogdian princess who married Alexander the Great after he invaded Persia and defeated...

Iranian people, such as Persians and Sogdians, have lived in China throughout various periods in history. The Parthian Iranian An Shigao introduced Hinayana...

Portions of the Bible were translated into the Sogdian language in the 9th and 10th centuries. All surviving manuscripts are incomplete Christian liturgical...

An Jia'), is a Northern Zhou period (557–581 CE) funeral monument to a Sogdian nobleman named "An Jia" in the Chinese epitaph. The tomb was excavated...

the Turkic Runic script. Both stem from Sogdian models based on the Aramaic (and later Syriac) alphabet. Sogdian communities active along the Eurasian trade...

Sogdian Daēnās, also known as Sogdian Deities (French: Deux divinités féminines; Chinese: 粟特神祇白畫) is a line drawing discovered by the French Orientalist...

Sogdian is a Unicode block containing characters used to write the Sogdian language from the 7th to 14th centuries CE. The following Unicode-related documents...

Weshparkar, or Veshparkar, was the Sogdian god of the Atmosphere and the Wind. He corresponds to the Avestan god Vayu. In Central Asia, Weshparkar has...

The Tomb of Wirkak (Sogdian: wyrkʾk), in Chinese commonly referred to as Tomb of Master Shi (Chinese: 史君墓; pinyin: Shǐ Jūn Mù; Wade–Giles: Shih3-Chün1...

along with Sogdians settled in Turfan during the post Han dynasty era. The Chinese character dominated Turfan in the eyes of the Sogdians. Kuchean speakers...

compartments, in a long-lasting style. Sogdian art refers to the art, architecture, and art-forms produced by the Sogdians, an Iranian people who lived mostly...

empire together. Alexander married three times: Roxana, daughter of the Sogdian nobleman Oxyartes of Bactria, out of love; the Persian princesses Stateira...

Old Sogdian is a Unicode block containing characters for a group of related, non-cursive Sogdian writing systems used to write historic Sogdian in the...

Syra's father Antiochus III the Great was a descendant of Queen Apama, the Sogdian Iranian wife of Seleucus I Nicator. It is generally believed that the Ptolemies...

through India and on land was handled by numerous intermediaries such as the Sogdians. Going as far as to call the whole thing a "myth" of modern academia, Ball...

numerous Middle Iranian languages (Manichaean Middle Persian, Parthian, Sogdian, Early New Persian, Bactrian) and Old Uyghur (a Turkic language). The term...

The Sogdian-language Manichaean letter is a Sogdian letter written by Shahryâr Zâdag to Mu Wei (bishop, leader) of the Eastern Diocese, found in Xinjiang...

descendant of Sogdian and has often been called Neo-Sogdian in academic literature. The Yaghnobi are considered to be descendants of the Sogdian-speaking peoples...

Battle of Bukhara was a military engagement between the Umayyads and the Sogdian-Turkish alliance in 709. The battle ended in Umayyad victory and the conquest...

in Sogdian known as the "Ancient Letters" in an abandoned watchtower near Dunhuang in 1907. A letter in the collection was written by the Sogdian Nanai-vandak...

which are mostly likely from the Persian, Sassanian Persian, Iranian Sogdian, and Turkic. Fanlingpao were popular fashion during Tang dynasty for both...

considered to be a direct descendant of Sogdian or closely related to it and has sometimes been called Neo-Sogdian in academic literature. There are some...

murals, also called the Paintings of the Ambassadors, is a rare example of Sogdian art. It was discovered in 1965 when the local authorities decided to construct...

Taspar Qaghan (Sogdian: t’asp’r γ’γ’n) or Tatpar Qaghan (Sogdian: t’tp’r x’γ’n, Rouran: Tadpar qaɣan; Old Turkic: 𐱃𐱃𐰯𐰺𐰴𐰍𐰣 Tatpar qaγan, 佗缽可汗/佗钵可汗...

4th-century Sogdian woman, who has been abandoned and left destitute in Dunhuang, China, by her husband Nanai-dhat. Miwnay is known from Sogdian Ancient Letters...

the back). The Sogdian merchant An Jia with a Turkic Chieftain in his yurt. An Jia (right) brokering an alliance with Turks (left). Sogdian musicians on...

is possible that these Bactrians paved the way for the future Sogdian merchants. Sogdian immigrants reached Yizhou as early as the Shu Han period (221–263)...

the Chinese hero Cao Cao), is a Chinese funerary couch belonging to a Sogdian merchant and official active in China in the 6th century CE. The tomb was...

article contains Sogdian text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Sogdian characters. Samarkand...

the Western Turkic Khaganate on the Eurasian steppe and dominated the Sogdians. He was the yabghu (vassal) of his brother Bumin Qaghan in 552 AD. Turkic...

these documents, a Sogdian version of the Ashem vohu was discovered in the 1970 and translated by Nicholas Sims-Williams. Sogdian 𐼺𐼴𐼶𐽁𐽂 𐼺𐼷𐽁𐽂𐼰𐼷...

kilometers to the northwest of Bukhara. Varakhsha was the capital of the Sogdian dynasty of the kings of Bukhara, the Bukhar Khudahs. It ultimately never...

Bukhara. According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam, "Khatun [is] a title of Sogdian origin borne by the wives and female relatives of the Göktürks and subsequent...

Northern Zhou (Northern Dynasties 439-589 CE) period funeral monument to a Sogdian nobleman and official in northern China named Kang Ye in his epitaph. The...

Húxuănwǔ, "barbarian whirling dance"), but known as "Sogdian Whirl dance" or simply "Sogdian whirl" to Western scholars. During the Sui and Tang dynasty...

Spitamenes (Old Persian Spitamana; Greek Σπιταμένης; 370 BC – 328 BC) was a Sogdian warlord and the leader of the uprising in Sogdiana and Bactria against...

Sogdian alphabet is read. Sogdians of Dunhuang also commonly formed and joined lay associations among their local communities, convening at Sogdian-owned...

[citation needed] In the early Islamic period, the people of Transoxania spoke Sogdian (an Iranian language) and were divided among several principalities. The...

Sogdia; previously, Sogdians had exclusively used the surname of Kang (康). The addition was due to the existence of two Sogdian kingdoms, identified...

Khorezmian) is an extinct Eastern Iranian language closely related to Sogdian. The language was spoken in the area of Khwarezm (Chorasmia), centered...

either East Iranian (Sogdian or Khotanese Saka) or Turkic. Although Richard N. Frye reports that the word "was probably foreign to Sogdian", Gerhard Doerfer...

the Sogdians was lost due to the war. Geographic names used by Muslims contained reminders of the Sogdians. The role of lingua franca that Sogdian originally...

Ἀπάμα, romanized: Apáma), sometimes known as Apama I or Apame I, was a Sogdian noblewoman. The wife of the first ruler of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucus...

couch is a Northern Dynasties period (439-589 CE) funeral monument to a Sogdian nobleman and official in northern China. The tomb is now located in the...

The Siege of Jericho, in a Nestorian Christian plate made by Sogdian artists under Karluk dominion, in Semirechye. Cast silver of the 9th-10th century...

Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Jafar Narshakhi (or Narshaki) (ca. 899–959), a Sogdian scholar from the village of Narshak in the Bukhara oasis is the first known...

either from a Khotanese word *Hitala meaning "Strong", from hypothetical Sogdian *Heβtalīt, plural of *Heβtalak, or from postulated Middle Persian *haft...

of the Seleucid Empire Seleucus I Nicator and Sogdian noblewoman Apama I. Achaeus was of Greek and Sogdian descent. He had three siblings: one brother the...

period include Chinese, Sogdian, Mongolian, and Tibetan loanwords. Orkhon Turkic has a vocabulary that is less influenced by Sogdian and more heavily influenced...

Parmenion (331–329 BC). Book 4: This book begins with describing the long Sogdian campaign of 329–327 BC against Bessus, Spitamenes, and Oxyartes, and the...

"alliance with the Sogdians through adopting their religion was an important way of securing this objective." Both the Sogdians and the Uyghurs benefited...

romanization of the Chinese surname 石. It means "stone." It was one of the "Nine Sogdian Surnames." A 2013 study found it was the 63rd most common surname, shared...

This is so even in East Turkestan; then the desired form would be in the Sogdian 'xs' yn' k (-әhšēnē) "blue, dark"; Khotan-Saka (Brahmi) āşşeiņa (-āşşena)...

Iranian-speaking territories. References to Rostam have been found in Sogdian manuscripts. One manuscript, dating to the ninth century, contains part...

Asceticon was read and translated by the Nestorians of Central Asia. A Sogdian fragment of the 4th discourse, translated from Syriac, was found in MC...

forces, especially those in An Lushan's base area in Hebei, as well as Sogdian forces and other opportunist parties who took advantages of the chaos....

Islamic Republic of Iran in 1366) The story of Buddha's birth Sogdian culture (Sogdian-Persian-English) Discovery of the Pahlavi inscription in China...

a type of dance that originated in Central Asia, especially among the Sogdians and the region of Tashkent (石國, Shíguó). The dance was well known during...

scholar who specializes in Central Asian history, particularly the study of Sogdian and Bactrian languages. He is also a member of the advisory council of...

instead depicted as a Poseidon-like figure holding a staff and a fish. In Sogdian art he might have been depicted either as a horse or as a figure seated...

block) Kharoshthi (Unicode block) Bhaiksuki (Unicode block) Sogdian (Unicode block) Old Sogdian (Unicode block) Old Turkic (Unicode block) Old Uyghur (Unicode...

cosmopolitan nature of the Penjikent society that was mainly composed of Sogdian and Turkic elites and likely other foreign merchant groups of heterogeneous...

Christian Sogdian woman also surnamed An was discovered and she was put in her tomb by her military officer son on 22 January, 815. This Sogdian woman's...

Persians, the Sagartians, the Saka, the Sarmatians, the Scythians, the Sogdians, and likely the Cimmerians, among other Iranian-speaking peoples of West...

Sogdian, an eastern Iranian language, became the lingua franca of the Silk Road in Central Asia leading to China, due to the proliferation of Sogdian...

Mlahso c. 100 BCE Aramaic Nabataean, Palmyrene, Mandaic, Parthian, Pahlavi, Sogdian, Avestan and Manichaean Hebrew yes yes right-left 22 consonants + 5 final...

one and had the Sogdian embassy sent to the Sassanid king, the latter had the members of the embassy poisoned to death. Maniah, a Sogdian diplomat, convinced...

Akhshunwar (Sogdian: əxšōnδār, Middle Persian: Xašnawāz) was a ruling title used by the Hephthalite kings in the 5th and 6th-centuries. The title is of...

high. The front, right and left side of the stele has a Sogdian inscription written with Sogdian alphabet. The back side has a possibly Rouran inscription...

Corridor, inscribed as a World Heritage Site in 2014. Medieval sources say Sogdian merchants from Bukhara asked the Turkic Khagan for land in the Talas valley...

Türgesh sub-tribe, Chebishi (車鼻施) (*çavïş, from Old Turkic 𐰲𐰉𐰾 *çabïş or Sogdian čapīş "chief"), belonged 8th century Türgesh chor and later khagan Suluk...

alphabet, and shares similarities with the Phoenician, Hebrew, Arabic and Sogdian, the precursor and a direct ancestor of the traditional Mongolian scripts...

Siege of Samarkand was a military engagement between the Umayyads and the Sogdian ruler of Samarkand. The battle ended in Umayyad victory and the conquest...

Ethiopian, Church Slavonic. Omitted are translations into Arabic, Nubian, Sogdian, Old English, Old Low German, Old High German, Old French. Syria played...

formed the basis of the historical scripts of Central Asia, such as the Sogdian and Mongolian alphabets. The Old Turkic script is generally considered...

(Chinese:石马坪粟特墓) is a Sui dynasty (581–618 CE) funerary monument of an anonymous Sogdian nobleman and official in northern China. The tomb was discovered in the...

taken from the Mongolian script (which in turn derives from Aramaic via Sogdian and then Uyghur). Although Manchu does not have the kind of grammatical...

the Oxus civilisation in the west. Parts of the country were part of the Sogdian and Bactrian civilisations, and were ruled by the Achaemenids, Alexander...

areas: the Yaghnobi language of northwestern Tajikistan (descended from Sogdian); and the Ossetic language of the Caucasus (descended from Scytho-Sarmatian...

the First Khaganate's early official texts and coins were written in Sogdian. It was the first Turkic state to use the name Türk politically. The Old...

of government and high culture. By the fifth century BC, the Bactrian, Sogdian, and Tokharian states dominated the region. As East Asia began to develop...

Iranian (Sogdian or Parthian) cognate word. The Muslim armies that invaded Transoxiana early in the eighth century, conquering the Sogdian principalities...

Parthian Empire. In Sogdian Buddhism, Xwrmztʼ (Sogdian was written without a consistent representation of vowels) was the Sogdian derivation of the Avestan...

Writing system Old Turkic script, Old Uyghur alphabet, Manichaean script, Sogdian alphabet, Syriac alphabet, Brahmi script Language codes ISO 639-3 oui Glottolog...

the Sogdian reflex of that vexatious middle consonant lead Sundermann to revise Schaeder’s interpretation and argue for a Parthian origin of Sogdian ž in...

Dabusiyya was a medieval town in the region of Sogdia in Transoxiana. It is notable for being the location where the Samanid pretender Isma'il Muntasir...

manuscripts, Prakrit wooden tablets, and documents in Khotanese, Uyghur, Sogdian and Eastern Turkic is the result of his travels through central Asia during...

common Persian given name derived from Avestan. Afshin was used by the Sogdians. Historically, it was the title of the rulers of Principality of Ushrusana...

joined facing heads, minted in Chaghaniyan between 550-650. The inscription is written in Sogdian. Reign 560 - ??? Predecessor Ghadfar Successor Unknown...

They also had Sogdian elements such as a miniature stone house and a stone bedlike platform. Funeral beds tend to also depict a Sogdian swirl as well...

Étienne de la (2005) [2002]. "Chapter Five: In China — The Sogdians in Sichuan and Tibet". Sogdian Traders: A History (PDF). Translated by Ward, James. Leiden:...

a Manichaean attribute: Lion Karluks ("Shi-Geluolu", "shi" stands for Sogdian "lion"). The "lion" (Turkish: arslan) Karluks persisted up to the time...

akinakes (Greek ἀκῑνάκης) or akinaka (unattested Old Persian *akīnakah, Sogdian kynʼk) is a type of dagger or xiphos (short sword) used mainly in the first...

Alexander the Great (a Macedonian Greek) and Alexander's wife Roxana (a Sogdian). He had an older full brother who died in infancy in 326 BC, as well a...

spelled Ferghana, Fergana, and Fargana) was a local Iranian dynasty of Sogdian origin, which ruled the Farghana region from an unknown date to 819. The...

the name of several Hellenistic cities in western Asia, after Apama, the Sogdian wife of Seleucus I Nicator, several of which are also former bishoprics...

of the river. Ancient Panjakent was a small but flourishing town of the Sogdians in pre-Islamic Central Asia. It was known as Panchekanth. The ethnic and...

carvings at Persepolis depict the Achaemenid king receiving gifts from Sogdians. Additionally, troops from Sogdia fought in the Achaemenid military under...

or sārtpāw in Sogdian, was an official Chinese title in the 5th-7th centuries CE, used for government-appointed leaders of the Sogdian immigrant-merchant...

17 January 2020. Korn, Agnes; Warnin, George (2017). "Armenian karmir, Sogdian karmīr 'red', Hebrew karmīl and the Armenian Scale Insect Dye in Antiquity"...

belong to Sogdia proper, but its inhabitants wrote in Sogdian, and may have spoken the Sogdian language as well. The rulers of the principality were known...

into the root bum- and the suffix -in. The suffix -in often appears in Sogdian to indicate a nickname or patronymic. The root bum- can be compared to...

Chinese Embassy carrying silk and a string of silkworm cocoons to the local Sogdian ruler. The scene depicted in the Afrasiyab murals probably occurred soon...

was fought in 329 BC between Macedonian expeditionary corps and joint Sogdian–Scythian forces at the Polytimetus (modern Zarafshon River) in Central...

Banu Ilyas (Persian: بنو الیاس) or Ilyasids were an Iranian dynasty of Sogdian origin which ruled the province of Kerman from 932 until 968 CE. The capital...

behalf of the khagan. Sogdian territories under Western Turkic control were administered using Turkic titles alongside indigenous Sogdian administrative ranks...

6-7th century (Northern Zhou/Sui dynasty) funeral monument to an anonymous Sogdian nobleman and official in northern China (the epitaph has been lost). The...

Qormusta Tengri (Cyrillic: Хурмаста, Хормуста-тенгри, Хан-Хурмаста; from the Sogdian Хурмазта/Khurmazta; also transliterated as Qormusata (Tngri), Khormusta...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

following its introduction into Sogdiana, would be spread in part by Sogdians eastward into the Tarim Basin and China. Manichaeism continues to be practiced...

Ikhshid (Persian: اخشید; from Sogdian: xšyδ, əxšēδ) was the princely title of the Iranian rulers of Soghdia and the Ferghana Valley in Transoxiana during...

official language of the eastern Manichean Church, later to be replaced by Sogdian in the sixth century. Furthermore, Mar Ammo is widely regarded as the composer...

The Bukhar Khudahs or Bukhar Khudats (Sogdian: βuxārak Xwaday) were a local Sogdian dynasty, which ruled the city of Bukhara from an unknown date to the...

canyon. The forest, located in the shadow of the canyon, is known as the "Sogdian ash" (a tree that is said to be a derivative from the ice age). The site...

Divashtich (also spelled Devashtich, Dewashtich, and Divasti), was a medieval Sogdian ruler in Transoxiana during the period of the Muslim conquest of Transoxiana...

originated from the Central Asian province of Ushrusana and were of Iranian (Sogdian) descent and culturally Arabised. Muhammad ibn Abi'l-Saj Diwdad the son...

same as that of the Sogdian "Ancient Letters" found near Dunhuang, which were written in the early fourth century,3 and other Sogdian fragments of similar...

descendants of the Aramaic alphabet in particular via the Pahlavi and Sogdian alphabets, or possibly via Kharosthi used to write Sanskrit. It has also...

Arabs besieging Samarkand with a traction trebuchet (mangonel), Sogdian mural from Panjakent, 8th c....

sedentary Sogdians and the nomadic invaders. In it, the Sogdian hero, leader of his group, repels the attacks of the groups of nomads. For the Sogdians the...

written in Sogdian, known as the "Ancient Letters", in an abandoned watchtower near Dunhuang in 1907. One of them was written by a Sogdian woman named...

2006) was an archeologist who spent more than fifty years excavating the Sogdian ruins at Panjakent, Tajikistan. Boris Ilich Marshak was born in Luga, Leningrad...

as the Xiongnu, as well as the people from the Western regions such as Sogdians, the Sasanid Persian, the Turkic people (Tujue), Uyghur (Huihe or Huihu)...

predominantly of Macedonian Greek ancestry and may have had minor Iranian descent (Sogdian and Persian). Others, including some scholars and laymen, have speculated...

contacts. (The nearest known Indo-European languages were Tocharian and Sogdian, a middle Iranian language.) Some words have Austroasiatic cognates and...

Company. pp. 151–154. ISBN 9789027284181. "Who Were the Sogdians, | The Sogdians". sogdians.si.edu. Archived from the original on 11 September 2021....

reconstruction of the Great Kyz Kala. Cross-section of the Great Kyz Kala. A Sogdian fortress of similar characteristics, on the Anikova dish, c. 800 CE design...

romanized: Muqan qaɣan, Chinese: 木杆可汗/木汗可汗; pinyin: Mùgān Kèhán/Mùhàn Kèhán, Sogdian: 𐼍𐼇𐼉𐼒𐼎 𐼉𐼒𐼄𐼒𐼎, romanized: mwx’n x’ɣ’n, Rouran: 𑀫𑀼𑀖𑀅𑀦 𑀕𑀅𑀖𑀅𑀦...

is a Unicode block containing characters historically used for writing Sogdian, Parthian, and the dialects of Fars. The block has five variation sequences...

religious faiths of the Indo-European Sogdians, such as Manichaeism, Buddhism, and Christianity, but also looked to the Sogdians as "mentors" while gradually replacing...

changed substantially over time. Major regional languages like Elamite, Sogdian, Koine Greek, or Nahuatl in ancient, post-classical and early modern times...

Gabae was the ancient name of: Isfahan, city of Iran Koktepe, Sogdian fortress Tel Shush, city in Galilee This disambiguation page lists articles associated...

the east, such as the dialect used by Iraqi Turkmens, the word "kend" (a Sogdian loanword) is used at all times when denoting a village rather than köy;...

later translations into languages including Greek, Arabic, Georgian, and Sogdian. Isaac's main influences include Evagrius Ponticus, Pseudo-Dionysius, John...

includes Parthian (Arsacid Pahlavi) and Middle Persian, while Bactrian, Sogdian, Khwarezmian, Saka, and Old Ossetic (Scytho-Sarmatian) fall under the Eastern...

Yazdegerd III. The Mikalids (9th–11th century) a family descended from the Sogdian ruler Divashtich, who was in turn a descendant of Bahram V. The Sasanians...

indicating that the term Xiongnu was used for the people referred to in Sogdian and Sanskrit texts as the Xwn and Huṇa respectively, terms used for peoples...

The Sharik ibn Shaikh's Rebellion was an 8th-century uprising in Bukhara against the newly established Abbasid Caliphate. Occurring in 750, shortly after...

article contains Sogdian text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Sogdian characters. His...

Manthra Dunhuang manuscript from the 9th century CE, containing a Sogdian version of the Ashem vohu manthra Information Religion Zoroastrianism Language...

clothes decorated with Hellenistic motifs. The Yingpan man may have been a Sogdian or more probably an elite member of the Shanshan Kingdom nearby. The mummy...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

formed the basis of many historical Central Asian scripts, such as the Sogdian, Uyghur and Mongolian alphabets. The Brahmi script, of which the entire...

including from eastern northern and northern Iranian languages such as Sogdian and especially Parthian. The transition to New Persian was already complete...

(μαργαριτάρι), meaning pearl, which was borrowed from Ancient Persia. (In Sogdian, it was marγārt. In modern Persian, the word has become مروارید, morvārīd...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

Lake Balkhash. The Nushibi had connections southwest with the literate Sogdian merchants. The Duolu were probably more pastoral. Rivers running down from...

nothing of China, or any other lands east of Bactria. The Siege of the Sogdian Rock, a fortress located north of Bactria in Sogdiana, occurred in 327...

ISBN 978-84-125278-5-8. "Believers, Proselytizers, & Translators The Sogdians". sogdians.si.edu. Archived from the original on 14 October 2023. Retrieved...

Conquest of Paykand was a military engagement between the Umayyads and the Sogdians who ruled Paikand. The Umayyads, led by Qutayba ibn Muslim, managed to...

Qurban Wäli claimed words written in Kharosthi and Sogdian scripts as "Uyghur" rather than Sogdian words absorbed into Uyghur according to other linguists...

the Iranian names of Sām, Narīmān, etc., that appear in the Persian and Sogdian versions of the Book of the Giants, did not figure in the original edition...

located in modern Tajikistan and Uzbekistan along with an 8th-century Sogdian painted mural with a she-wolf, head turned back and down, suckling two...

Sogdian Daenas (10th century), associated with the Zoroastrian cult in Sogdia. The figure on the left is considered to be Daena, while the one on the...

transcriptions of Rouran names. Atwood (2013) notes that Rourans calqued the Sogdian word pūr "son" into their language as *kʻobun (Chinese transliteration:...

Unicode name OLD SOGDIAN LETTER AYIN OLD SOGDIAN LETTER ALTERNATE AYIN OLD SOGDIAN LETTER RESH-AYIN-DALETH SOGDIAN LETTER AYIN SOGDIAN LETTER RESH-AYIN...

Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. II. pp. 7–9. Keramidas, Kimon. "Sogdian Ancient Letter II". NYU. Telling the Sogdian Story: A Freer/Sackler Digital Exhibition Project...

Sichuan brocade textile featuring a Sasanian horsemen hunting scene within "Sogdian pearl roundel", 7th–10th century....

Antíochos Sōtér; "Antiochus the Savior"; c. 324/3 – 2 June 261 BC) was a Greco-Sogdian Seleucid king of the Seleucid Empire. Antiochus succeeded his father Seleucus...

territories of Afrasiyab began in the 7th–6th century BC, as the centre of the Sogdian culture. The term Qal’a-ye Afrasiab ('Castle of Afrasiab') appeared in...

century AD, that is, more than a century older than the so-called "Old Sogdian letters". Excavations of the Tutta Cave, the oldest cave in the country...

starting to be influenced by Dari, and were originally Khwarezmian- and Sogdian-speaking areas during Samanid rule. Dari Persian spread around the Amu...

Grivpanvar War elephants Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed...

the Persians and the Medes and also to the northwards Bactrians and the Sogdians. A detailed description of that region is to be found in Strabo's Geographica...

Khotanese, Avestan, Old Persian, Pahlavi, Manichean Middle Persian, Parthian, Sogdian, Khotanese, New Persian, Ossetic, Kurdish, Tokharian, Vedic, and Classical...

and Chorasmians had for their commander Artabazus son of Pharnaces, the Sogdians Azanes son of Artaeus, the Gandarians and Dadicae Artyphius son of Artabanus...

recorded Sogdian sale contract of a female slave from the period of the Gaochang kingdom under the rule of Qu clan and mentioned the Sogdian word "twrkstn"...

to marry native women in Asia, leading by example when he wed Roxana, a Sogdian princess of Bactria. He then married Stateira II, eldest daughter of Darius III...

their princes. Khatun, or Khatan (Persian: خاتون) – a title of Iranian Sogdian origin – is roughly equal to a King's queen in Mongolic and Turkic languages...

Bactrians, Sacae, Arians, Parthians, Caucasian Albanians, Chorasmians, Sogdians, Gandarans, Dadicae, Caspians, Sarangae, Pactyes, Utians, Mycians, Phoenicians...

and the common Sogdian name ܪܘܚܫܐܢ Roxshan "the Bright" related to the Sogdian female name Roxana, also borne by Alexander's Sogdian wife, Roxana. His...

Grivpanvar War elephants Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed...

Trisagion (Qadishā Alāhā) was dedicated to a deceased Lady An (安氏太夫人) of Sogdian descent. The inscription tells about her ancestors who came from Bukhara...

the Persians expanding east to Afghanistan, and the Turks gaining the Sogdian merchant cities and their control of the Silk Road. Around 567–576, the...

Chitral. As a historical crossroads, many traders, Buddhist missionaries, Sogdian merchants, and pilgrims passed through Shatial leaving behind graffiti...

Ān Bèi (Chinese: 安備墓), is a 589 CE (Sui dynasty) funeral monument of a Sogdian man named "An Bei" in his Chinese epitaph. The tomb was looted in 2006-2007...

八剌沙衮; traditional Chinese: 八剌沙袞; pinyin: Bā là shā gǔn) was an ancient Sogdian city in modern-day Kyrgyzstan, located in the Chüy Valley between Bishkek...

Bactrians were recorded in Strabo's Geography: Now in early times the Sogdians and Bactrians did not differ much from the nomads in their modes of life...

a god of wealth and marriage, in a role that is also attested for the Sogdian (Buddhist) equivalent of the Bhaga. The common noun bhaga survives in the...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

An 8th-century Tang dynasty Chinese clay figurine of a Sogdian man (an Eastern Iranian person) wearing a distinctive cap and face veil, possibly a camel...

communities to the north, northwest and east of India: Khotanese, Chinese, Sogdian and Tibetan. This translation work took place over the course of the 5th...

Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor UNESCO World Heritage Site. The settlement of Sogdian merchants sprang up along the Silk Road in the 5th or 6th century. The...

Central Asia, before and after the arrival of Islam. He is a specialist in Sogdian culture, its traders and nobility, and also in the nomadic invasions of...

Proto-Sinaitic alphabet Phoenician alphabet Aramaic alphabet Syriac alphabet Sogdian alphabet Old Uyghur alphabet Mongolian script Galik Sister systems Clear...

some eastern Scythian dialects which gave rise to the ancestor(s) of the Sogdian and Yaghnobi languages, although data required to test this hypothesis...

the Indo-Iranian languages (see Indo-Iranians). Later the strongest of Sogdian city-states of the Fergana Valley rose to prominence. After the 1st century...

languages Proto-Canaanite and Proto-Sinaitic – Bronze Age Canaanites. Sogdian –Sogdian language Samaritan (Old Hebrew) – Aramaic, Arabic, and Hebrew Syriac –...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Manichean text Mahrnāmag (Müller, lines 75-76), was called xšy∂ (‘ruler’ in Sogdian), with the title “Head of Auditors” and the name lyfwtwšy, which is possibly...

goods and ideas. Before the influence of Islam in the mid-8th century AD, Sogdian and Turkic culture was predominant. After Genghis Khan destroyed the city...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

family may have had distant Sogdian heritage. The surname "Mi" may have Sogdian origins, coinciding with a period when Sogdian merchants and settlers formed...

originated in Western Asia and was then spread to the East through the Sogdians of Central Asia. In the Northern and Southern dynasties, the yuanlingpao...

Spring and Autumn period adopted as a surname by the Sogdians, and became one of the "Nine Sogdian Surnames", also known as ‘nine surnames of Zhaowu’ adopted...

In Indo-Iranian languages Turks were recorded under various forms. In Sogdian *Türkit ~ Türküt, tr'wkt, trwkt, turkt > trwkc, trukč; Khotanese Saka Ttūrka/Ttrūka...

this tendency extends also to Sogdian" "It shares with Munǰī the change of *δ > l, but this tendency extends also to Sogdian. The Waṇ. dialect shares with...

from an unattested form in an Old Iranian language: *Huxšaθra-) was a Sogdian or Bactrian nobleman and local ruler of Bactria. His daughter, Roxana,...

punishment meted out to Baykand shocked the region: the Sogdians patched up their quarrels and the Sogdian princes of Kish and Nasaf united behind the Wardan...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Grivpanvar War elephants Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed...

Jesus. These are some of the known apostles. Mar Ammo, Apostle to the Sogdians Mar Sisin, the first Manichaean Pope possibly Mar Zaku, who may alternatively...

bhaga) meaning "lord" and "master". Peter Golden derives the word via Sogdian bġy from the same Iranian root. All Middle Iranian languages retain forms...

Szemerényi, Oswald (1980). Four old Iranian ethnic names: Scythian – Skudra – Sogdian – Saka (PDF). Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften....

Kangju. Some have further link Shi Le's surname, Shi (石), and Jie (羯) to a Sogdian statelet known as 石國 Shíguó (literally, "Stone Country", at Chach Zhěshí...

texts and were produced mainly between the 5th to the 10th centuries. Sogdian literature, dating mainly from the 9th and 10th centuries in Sogdia, was...

and thus the ancestor of the Iranian languages such as Persian, Pashto, Sogdian, Zazaki, Ossetian, Mazandarani, Kurdish, Talysh and others. Its speakers...

Mesopotamia Gaugamela Persia Persian Gate Persepolis Bactria Cyropolis Sogdian Rock Expedition into India Indian campaigns Cophen Aornos Hydaspes Mallian...

Grivpanvar War elephants Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed...

long as the pole." Coptic textiles Sampul tapestry Sichuan embroidery Sogdian textiles Oxford English Dictionary Online "samite" (subscription required)...

as his courtesy name, who was a Central Asian, probably of Persian or Sogdian origin, and practiced Zoroastrianism. He had settled in Early Middle Period...

Letters", a letter written by a Sogdian merchant named Nanai-vandak, who claimed that all of the diasporic Sogdians and Indians in the city had died...

Tang tricolor figurine of a Sogdian wine merchant holding a wineskin. During the Tang dynasty (618–907), China started to import grape wine from Central...

Pukarzate to Varkhuman, the Sogdian king of Samarkand. The visit is mentioned in the murals of Afrasiyab, written in Sogdian: When King Varkhuman Unash...

in his poems (the Gathas). Representations of bridges on early medieval Sogdian funerary couches have been identified as the Chinvat Bridge. The most notable...

Ushrusana Rakhanch was a Sogdian Afshin (ruler) of the Principality of Ushrusana, modern Tajikistan, in the 7th century CE, in the period between 600...

descent, through the Kumo Xi tribe and/or of Sogdian descent, as the surname Mi (米) is considered a Sogdian surname. In addition to being a scholar and...

North-Eastern: Ossetic; Yaghnobi (which derives from a dialect closely related to Sogdian); the Shughni group (Shughni, Roshani, Khufi, Bartangi, Roshorvi, Sarikoli)...

Mesopotamia Gaugamela Persia Persian Gate Persepolis Bactria Cyropolis Sogdian Rock Expedition into India Indian campaigns Cophen Aornos Hydaspes Mallian...

Heroic fights and dying heroes. The Orlat battle plaque and the roots of Sogdian art. Ēran ud Anērān. Studies Presented to Boris Il’ič Maršak on the Occasion...

is also attested as Bactrian far(r)o, Khotanese pharra, Parthian farh, Sogdian f(a)rn, and Ossetic farnæ and farn, though in these languages the word...

translations. Through the Asceticon, some of the Sayings made their way into Sogdian. Helen Waddell translated a selection of elements from the Vitae patrum...

eighth Uyghur ruler, Baoyi Qaghan (r. 808–821). Written in Old Uyghur, Sogdian, and Chinese, the inscription marks the Qaghan's military accomplishments...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

languages and shares features with the extinct Middle Iranian languages Sogdian and Khwarezmian (Eastern) and Parthian (Western), as well as sharing affinity...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

empire; Another theory postulates a Sogdian origin for both titles, "yabghu" and "shad". The rulers of some Sogdian principalities are known to have title...

Chionites, or Chionitae (Middle Persian: Xiyōn or Hiyōn; Avestan: X́iiaona-; Sogdian xwn; Pahlavi Xyōn) were a nomadic people in the Central Asian regions of...

Company. pp. 151–154. ISBN 9789027284181. "Who Were the Sogdians, | The Sogdians". sogdians.si.edu. Archived from the original on 11 September 2021....

Joseon. The futou with a jinzi (lining) was also introduced back in the Sogdian areas in Central Asia spreading to the Western regions through the Xinjiang...

Hun that, "their state or confederation must be seen as the result of Sogdian/Baktrian [Iranian-speaking] leadership and organization". Subjects of the...

to the Oghuz Turks, although this is unlikely; others have given them a Sogdian origin, or a Hephthalite princely background. Al-Farghani identifies the...

Chinese Embassy carrying silk and a string of silkworm cocoons to the local Sogdian ruler. In the Torah, a scarlet cloth item called in Hebrew "sheni tola'at"...

which means "four clusters/towns" - from Persian chahār, "four", and Sogdian kand, "town". The area of the district is 1,357 square kilometres (524 sq mi)...

script Syriac alphabet Palmyrene alphabet Mandaic alphabet Pahlavi scripts Sogdian alphabet ISO 15924 ISO 15924 Khar (305), ​Kharoshthi Unicode Unicode alias...

ethnography. At this time, Iranian peoples such as Scythians, Sarmatians, Sogdians and Bactrians among others, along with Armenians and Eastern and Central...

High nosed Sogdians were slaughtered in Youzhou in 761. Youzhou had Linzhou, another "protected" prefecture attached to it, and Sogdians lived there...

Currently, two of the surviving peoples of Sogdiana who speak dialects of the Sogdian language are the Yaghnobis and the Shugnanis. Tajikistan was part of the...

8 km east of Kant. Its population was 7,613 in 2021. Nearby is the ruined Sogdian silk road settlement of Navekat ('new town'). It was active between the...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

(Indus Valley) (518 – 323 BCE) Persian Empire Bactrians Saka Parthians Sogdians Ionians Aethiopians Mahajanapadas Gandhara kingdom Sindhu Sauvira kingdom...

Shatial triptych with Sibi-Jataka, circa 300–350 CE based on Kharoshthi, Brahmi and Sogdian paleography....

ISBN 978-8412527858. "Believers, Proselytizers, & Translators The Sogdians". sogdians.si.edu. GULÁCSI, ZSUZSANNA (2010). "The Prophet's Seal: A Contextualized...

inhabited by the Sogdians (gāum yim suγδō.šaiianəm): The toponym Gava appears twice in the Avesta. Each time it is connected with the Sogdians and it is consequently...

the Tang dynasty (618–907), China started to import grape wine from Central Asia. Tang tricolor figurine of a Sogdian wine merchant holding a wineskin....

Grivpanvar War elephants Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed...

Iranian silver coins; at Samarkand, in Sogdiana, homeland of the Sogdian traders, the Sogdian Ancient Letters and the Mount Mugh documents record commerce...

Lushan Rebellion in 756. In 752 CE, an embassy from the Afshin, which was a Sogdian title used for the ruler of Principality of Ushrusana, arrived at the Tang...

Grivpanvar War elephants Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

Shahrisabz is a district-level city in Qashqadaryo Region in southern Uzbekistan. The Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) selected Shakhrisabz as its...

instrumentation. IAU · 25747 25750 Miwnay 2000 BB4 Miwnay was the name of a Sogdian abandoned wife from Samarkand. JPL · 25750 25751 Mokshagundam 2000 BS6...

the Wusun likely spoke an Iranian language closely related to Sogdian, permitting Sogdians to translate their endonym as *wδ'n [wiðan] and Chinese to transcribe...

Azanes (fl. 480 BC) was a Sogdian general. He led a contingent of troops in the Achaemenid army of Xerxes I during the Second Persian invasion of Greece...

name "Jizzahk", derives from the Sogdian word for "small fort" and the present city is built of the site of the Sogdian town of Usrushana. Karakalpakstan...

Mesopotamia Gaugamela Persia Persian Gate Persepolis Bactria Cyropolis Sogdian Rock Expedition into India Indian campaigns Cophen Aornos Hydaspes Mallian...

(10E60–10E7F) Yezidi (10E80–10EBF) Arabic Extended-C (10EC0–10EFF) Old Sogdian (10F00–10F2F) Sogdian (10F30–10F6F) Old Uyghur (10F70–10FAF) Chorasmian (10FB0–10FDF)...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

Pali, Prakrit languages; Old Persian, Parthian, Old Azeri, Median, Elu, Sogdian, Saka, Avestan, Bactrian Indo-Aryan: Hindustani (Hindi and Urdu), Marathi...

Grivpanvar War elephants Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed...

article contains Sogdian text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Sogdian characters. Amrak...

Mesopotamia Gaugamela Persia Persian Gate Persepolis Bactria Cyropolis Sogdian Rock Expedition into India Indian campaigns Cophen Aornos Hydaspes Mallian...

Grivpanvar War elephants Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed...

plentiful in this area. Haldeikish has thousands of petroglyphs in Bactrian, Sogdian, Kharoshti, Tibetan, Chinese and Brahmi written by the Silk Route's 'many'...

Christian Sogdian woman also surnamed An was discovered and she was put in her tomb by her military officer son on 22 January, 815. This Sogdian woman's...

4th century Sogdian tribal chief...

Sogdians were successful merchants for centuries and traveled to Europe, China and India. They took their music and dances with them, and the Sogdian...

Turkic Khaganate Rank Tarkhan (posthumously) Conflicts Battle of Bolchu Sogdian Campaign Battle of Iduk Bash Battle of Ming Sha Battle of Sayan Mountains...

Mesopotamia Gaugamela Persia Persian Gate Persepolis Bactria Cyropolis Sogdian Rock Expedition into India Indian campaigns Cophen Aornos Hydaspes Mallian...

was known to the Greeks as Cyropolis, named after Cyrus the Great. The Sogdian Rock or Rock of Ariamazes, a fortress in Sogdiana, was captured in 327...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

is also famous for its production of woven flat carpets. Originally the Sogdian city of Nakhshab (which could be possibly named Eucratideia during the...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Proto-Sinaitic alphabet Phoenician alphabet Aramaic alphabet Syriac alphabet Sogdian alphabet Old Uyghur alphabet Mongolian script Vagindra script вагиндрын...

home to the Yaghnobi people, a people directly descended from the ancient Sogdian civilization of Central Asia. Due to its natural isolation and limited...

phrourarchos of a fort in Bactria (329 – 328 BC). The fort was attacked by the Sogdian general Spitamenes and a force of Massagetae, who lured Attinas and his...

141 Sogdian horizontal and vertical writing in East Asian scripts, vertical writing  Sogdian 11.0 42 Ancient/historic Ch 14.10 Sogo 142 Old Sogdian right-to-left...

Romanian nouns. Russian * Sanskrit Serbo-Croatian * Slovak * Slovene * Sogdian[citation needed] Sorbian Swedish - as in Dutch, the masculine and the feminine...

Persian Empire and Quintus Curtius Rufus states in his histories that the Sogdian governor Sisimithres sired two sons with his own mother. Babylonian Jewish...

meaning "growing well". János Harmatta suggested a possible relation to the Sogdian čp'yš, meaning "leader". Tavernier, however, does not think either proposal...

spoke an Eastern Iranian language, and had a semi-nomadic way of life. The Sogdians may have been the same people as those of Kangju and closely related to...

Tarkhun (Chinese: 突昏 tū-hūn, died 710) was a Sogdian ruler (Sogdian: əxšēδ) of Samarkand from somewhere 705–707 to 710. After receiving the news of the...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Muzaffar ibn Kaydar (Arabic: مظفر بن كيدر) was a ninth-century governor of Egypt for the Abbasid Caliphate. Muzaffar was initially appointed to head the...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

(explicitly so Arrian, Anabasis 4.18.4; 7.4.4; Dexippus F 8,5 J.; not: Sogdian)" http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/oxyartes "Rahşan". turkadlar.com...

Ibn Zayyad attacked Bukhara, the capital of Sogdia, which ended with the Sogdians agreeing to recognize the Umayadd caliph Mu'awiaya as their overlord and...

Sogdian communities in China following the An Lushan Rebellion. The Sogdians were Sinified to some extent and were bilingual in Chinese and Sogdian,...

according to Mahmud al-Kashgari, some non-Turkic languages like Kanchaki and Sogdian were still used in some areas in the vicinity of Kashgar, and Kanchaki...

known as the Wardan Khudah, had seized most of the principality, while a Sogdian magnate named Khunuk Khudah, managed to rally the nobles of Bukhara around...

sub-tribe Anqing (安慶), specifically, from the Shi clan (石) of ultimately Sogdian origin. Shi Jingtang was born in 892, during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong...

Chinese sources, but of xielifa. Further, the lingua franca at the time was Sogdian, and "probably the only trait that distinguished the Uighurs", whose khaganate...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

Iranian, the Avestan theonym evolved (among other Middle Iranian forms) into Sogdian Miši, Middle Persian and Parthian Mihr, and Bactrian Miuro (/mihru/).[citation...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

Buddhist languages of Chinese and Tibetan but also into Uighur, Mongol, Sogdian, Khotanese, and Tangut. Many manuscripts of the sutra have survived in...

predominantly by Iranian peoples, populated by Eastern Iranian-speaking Bactrians, Sogdians, Chorasmians, and the semi-nomadic Scythians and Dahae. As the result of...

written form in Parthian hwdʾy, in Middle Persian 𐭤𐭥𐭲𐭠𐭩 hwtʾy, and in Sogdian hwdʾy. It is the Middle Persian reflex of older Iranian forms such as Avestan...

The Sogdian "Kulagysh plate", depicting a heroic single combat scene leading to the death of both sides...

significantly to the study of other Iranian languages, such as Middle Persian, Sogdian and Pashto. MacKenzie's contribution to Pashto, Gorani and Kurdish, just...

name Palangineh refers to this). This account is also mentioned in some Sogdian texts. According to Faramarznameh, after the death of Rostam, the suit...

pre-Islamic and early Islamic periods. The princely title "Ikhshid" (from Sogdian: xšyδ, xšēδ "Ruler") is of Iranian origin; scholars have derived it variously...

Haraivian Margu, Sogdian Gava, and Chorasmia. — Mihr Yasht 10.12–14 (translated by Ilya Gershovitch). While the countries Haraivian, Margu, Sogdian Gava and Chorasmia...

Grivpanvar War elephants Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed...

languages (which usually have sp or a product thereof). Similarities with Sogdian exist but could be due to parallel developments or areal features. The...

in the "western style" was a certain He Chou, a name which betrays his Sogdian origins. Most of the silk products unearthed in Xinjiang (Chinese Turkestan)...

风俗通义校注. Zhonghua Book Company. ISBN 9787101073850. "The Nine Sogdian Surnames | the Sogdians". Behr, Wolfgang (19 January 2006), "Some Chǔ 楚 Words in Early...

important archaeological sites in the area. The park also protects relic Sogdian Ash groves, offering a glimpse of ancient vegetation. Parts of the Charyn...

ISBN 90-04-04492-2. Retrieved 2010-06-28. "Anyang Funerary Bed The Sogdians". sogdians.si.edu. Tackett, Nicholas (2008). "The Great Wall and Conceptualizations...

Hundred Family Surnames poem. Kang Senghui (died 280), Buddhist monk of Sogdian origin Kang Youwei (1858–1927), reformist political figure from the late...

'the secrets' of papermaking. However, an archive of 76 paper writings in Sogdian, Arabic, and Chinese has been found in Panjikent, left behind by the ruler...

RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK (RLM) AL Arabic Letter Strong R-to-L Arabic, Hanifi Rohingya, Sogdian, Syriac, and Thaana alphabets, and most punctuation specific to those scripts...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

itself borrowed from Old Persian wrd- (wurdi), related to Avestan varəδa, Sogdian ward, Parthian wâr. The leaves are borne alternately on the stem. In most...

Société Asiatique and met Paul Pelliot. Together, they translated the Sogdian manuscript Vessantara Jataka, found by Pelliot among the Dunhuang manuscripts...

(1995). Sogdian Dictionary, Sogdian-Persian-English. Tehran, Iran: Farhangan Publications. p. 376. ISBN 964-5558-06-9. Gharib, B. (1995). Sogdian Dictionary...

However, during the Seljuk period, the Khwarazmian language (which resembled Sogdian and to a lesser extent Ossetian) was commonly spoken and written. The details...

of the afterlife.[verification needed] However, another possibility is Sogdian word 'wshtm'x' (paradise). In Tengrism, heaven resembles the earth, but...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

List of recipients Year Recipient Institution 2010 Vladimir A. Livshits Sogdian epigraphy of Central Asia and Semireche 2012 M. Rahim Shayegan University...

Bindu of Bukhara was Bukhar Khudah (king of Bukhara) from an unknown date to 681. Several rulers of Bukhara were known before him, however, it is not known...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

invasion, when it was replaced by Turkic languages. It was closely related to Sogdian. Other than the astronomical terms used by the native Iranian Khwarezmian...

Eastern Iranian languages, particularly "a missing link between Bactrian, Sogdian, the Saka languages, Old Ossetic/Alanic and ‘Old Steppe Iranian’ (and perhaps...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

regime was established and made Jiankang Commandery its capital. Many Sogdian people who migrated from the Western Regions settled in Jiankang Commandery...

wide, with slender painting illustrations drawn on both sides, written in Sogdian in Manuscript, Turkic and Middle Persian text. The front illustration of...

dawdžytæ). His name is often being considered a cognate of Iranian Khuda (see Sogdian Xutāw, Khwarezmian Xudāw), although some other scholars claimed that it...

Existing fragments of scriptures in Coptic, Middle Persian, Parthian, Sogdian, Uighur and other languages have been discovered, but their specific ownership...

Kawus ibn Kharakhuruh was the ruler (Sogdian: afshin) of the Principality of Ushrusana during the 9th century. He was the son and successor of Kharakhuruh...

(Yajnopavita). He is clad in tiger skin while his attendants are wearing Sogdian dress. A panel from Dandan Oilik shows Shiva in His Trimurti form with...

with Eastern Middle Iranian languages such as Bactrian, Khwarezmian and Sogdian. Comparison with other Eastern Iranian Languages and Old Avestan: Strabo...

(2000-12-21), "Inscriptional Alphabets (Middle Persian, Parthian) and Sogdian vs. Aramaic", Iranianist Meeting Report: Symposium on Encoding Iranian...

production of frankincense and myrrh; and northward to the Saccae and Sogdians. No Assyrian before me ever saw the sea; but distant as the seas are from...

claim is confirmed by a Chinese text of the 14th century explaining how a Sogdian named Mar-Sargis from Samarkand founded six Nestorian Christian churches...

Oxus Civilization Scythia Dingling / Tiele Saka Kangju Huns Middle Ages Sogdians 200s–1000s Hephthalites 440s–710 Göktürks 552–745 Karluks 665–744 Kimek...

Chinese) helped the Tang dynasty general Guo Ziyi militarily crush the Sogdian-Turk led An Lushan rebellion, with Yisi personally acting as a military...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

Vorukh (Russian and Tajik: Ворух; Sogdian: Wārōx) is a jamoat in northern Tajikistan that forms part of the city of Isfara in Sughd Region. As of 2022[update]...

Niri Qaghan (Chinese: 泥利可汗; pinyin: Nílì Kèhán; Sogdian: 𐼎𐼘𐼊 𐼉𐼒𐼄𐼒𐼎, romanized: nry x’ɣ’n, probably Rouran: nı̣rı̣ qaɣan) was a ruler of the Western...

21 Arabic  1 SMP U+10F00..U+10F2F Old Sogdian 48 40 Old Sogdian  1 SMP U+10F30..U+10F6F Sogdian 64 42 Sogdian  1 SMP U+10F70..U+10FAF Old Uyghur 64 26...

wurrdā, from Assyrian wurtinnu, from Old Iranian *warda (cf. Avestan warda, Sogdian ward, Parthian wâr). Geography British historian John William Burgon famously...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

Latest 5th-6th century CE date in Livshits (2000) LIVSHITS, V. A. (2000). "Sogdian Sānak, a Manichaean Bishop of the 5th–Early 6th Centuries" (PDF). Bulletin...

government and high culture. By the mid-1st Millennium BC, the Bactrian, Sogdian, and Khwarezmian peoples dominated what is now Uzbekistan. Other Iranic...

Regular 382 390 Noto Sans Old Persian 2.001 Regular 385 390 Noto Sans Old Sogdian 2.002 Regular 376 396 Noto Sans Old South Arabian 2.001 Regular 367 372...

Rustam. Top rank: Persian, Median, Elamite, Parthian, Arian, Bactrian, Sogdian, Chorasmian, Zarangian, Sattagydian, Gandharan, Hindush (Indians), Scythian...

relationship). To Seleucus he gave Apama, the daughter of Spitamenes the Sogdian warlord, and likewise to the other Companions the daughters of the most...

languages represented in the manuscripts include Khotanese, Kuchean, Sanskrit, Sogdian, Old Uyghur, Prakrit, Hebrew, and Old Turkic. The removal of the manuscripts...

Altï Čub Soğdak "Six Prefectures' Sogdians". Meanwhile, Sergey Klyashtorny identified the Altï Čub Soğdak with the Sogdian-populated "Six Barbarian Prefectures"...

Sogdia, Persia and other Central Asian countries immigrated to Sichuan. A Sogdian temple is attested in Chengdu. During the Yuan and Ming dynasties, the...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

in order: Makan, Persian, Median, Elamite, Parthian, Arian, Bactrian, Sogdian, Choresmian, Zarangian, Arachosian, Sattagydian, Gandharan, Hindush (Indian)...

the Turkic title (H)elteber to Manichean Bactrian l’dβr, Written Sogdian δātβar, Sogdian ryttpyr / dyttpyr (*litbir), etc. from Middle Iranian *lātbär <...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

died in 710, and Bahram's son, Khosrow, was mentioned fighting alongside Sogdians and Turks against the Arabs at the siege of Kamarja in 729 in a futile...

languages at a relatively early date: Armenian, Georgian, Ethiopic, Persian, Sogdian, and eventually Gothic, Old Church Slavonic, Arabic, and Nubian. The 16th...

17 (2): 69–75. ISSN 0008-7912. JSTOR 43710126. Azarpay, Guitty (1981). Sogdian Painting: The Pictorial Epic in Oriental Art. Page 147: "For a comparison...

(until 748) Abbasid Caliphate (from 748) Principalities of Tokharistan Sogdian principalities Khwarazm Fergana Türgesh Kaghanate Tang dynasty 656 AD 661...

[citation needed] In the period following the Islamic conquest of their Sogdian ancestors, Piskon was a major center for Yaghnobi refugees.[citation needed]...

excavations in the historically Sogdian cities of Afrasiab (old Samarkand) and Pendjikent a large number of Sogdian coins were uncovered, the Soviet...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Hellenistic Age and Antiochus II may have minted coins in the name of his half-Sogdian father in order to legitimize both himself and his dynasty. An uncertain...

For instance, Alexander took as his wife a Sogdian woman of Bactria, Roxana, after the siege of the Sogdian Rock, in order to placate the rebelling populace...

Year Date Event 721 A Sogdian revolt in the Ordos region is suppressed with the help of Tanguts...

native bows of reed, and short spears. (...) The Parthians, Chorasmians, Sogdians, Gandarians, and Dadicae in the army had the same equipment as the Bactrians...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

translations into Slovak Slovene: Bible translations into Slovene Sogdian: Bible translations into Sogdian Sorbian: Bible translations into Sorbian Sotho: Bible translations...

dynasty. The north-western Uyghur Khaganate learned of Manichaeism from Sogdian foreigners. After Khagan Bögü Qaghan (759–780) held a three-day discussion...

root of word is “Al”. Turkish tradition maintained that it was related to Sogdian words connected to blaze (Alaw, Alav, Alev), which in turn was thought...

artwork from the Second German Turfan expedition (left) and Bezeklik Sogdian merchants donating to the Buddha, art work from the Second German Turfan...

works contain references and glosses in Persian, Sogdian, and even Greek, but not Turkish. Sogdian has also been suggested as his native language and...

achievements in siegecraft took place in the siege of Tyre and the siege of the Sogdian Rock. His engineers built a causeway that was originally 60 m (200 ft)...

in Manichaean Parthian, in Middle Persian 𐭲𐭩𐭮𐭯𐭥𐭭 and in Christian Sogdian (in Syriac alphabet) languages. The New Persian form is Tisfun (تیسفون)...

"place of" or "country". The name "Turkmen" comes from Turk, plus the Sogdian suffix -men, meaning "almost Turk", in reference to their status outside...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Gate 331 BC Battle of Jaxartes 329 BC Battle of Gabai 328 BC Siege of the Sogdian Rock 327 BC Indian campaign Cophen Campaign 327–326 BC Siege of Aornos...

In the 5th century Old Uyghur was written for the first time using the Sogdian alphabet. This fell out of use during the 10th century, when it evolved...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

six Syriac letters for Sogdian and Persian to the UCS L2/02-185 Nelson, Paul (2002-05-01), E-mail from Paul Nelson re Sogdian Issues L2/02-405 N2509 Everson...

extinct and contemporary; including Russian, Arabic, Persian, Pashto, Sogdian, Uzbek, Avestan, and Turkish. Although Frye is mostly known for his works...

Словио Zonal auxiliary language for Slavs Soga – Lusoga Spoken in: Uganda Sogdian † – 𐼑𐼇𐼄𐼌𐼊𐼋 [𐼀𐼈𐼂𐼀𐼋], 𐼼𐼴𐼶𐼹𐼷𐼸 (𐼰𐼵𐼱𐼰𐼸), 𐼼𐼲𐼴𐼹𐼷𐼰𐼴‎...

eastwards. It may appear in mediaeval Turkic manuscript fragments and on a Sogdian mural. Having entered Central Asian folklore, the story was also told of...

Proto-Sinaitic script Phoenician alphabet Aramaic alphabet Syriac alphabet Sogdian alphabet Old Uyghur alphabet Mongolian script Clear Script Sister systems...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

burial sites in modern Perm Krai are the richest source of Sasanian and Sogdian silverware from Iran. Further north, the Bjarmians traded with the Sami...

Plate, showing the Siege of Jericho. It was probably made in and for a Sogdian Nestorian Christian community located in Semirechye. 9th–10th century....

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

unearthed epitaph written in Sogdian, a "Sabao" official position existed during the Sui and Tang dynasties. These Sabao served Sogdian Zoroastrians, specializing...

Funan bore similarities to Indian script. He is speculated to have been Sogdian origin according to some studies. Chinese exploration Hall, D.G.E. (1981)...

centuries. The Sogdians from Central Asia during the mid-1st millennium brought their art and technique of textile tapestry to China (the Sogdians established...

substantial elements of other Iranian languages of ancient Central Asia, such as Sogdian.[citation needed] Following the Islamic conquest of Iran and most of Central...

be trwkkmˀn (if not trkwmˀn "translator"), mentioned in an 8th-century Sogdian letter and 特拘夢 Tejumeng (< MC ZS *dək̚-kɨo-mɨuŋH), another name of Sogdia...

a precious stone, and rather hard to engrave. It is considered as "a Sogdian double portrait". It shows two facing busts. One is a bearded male, wearing...

Qurban Wäli claims ancient words, written in Sogdian or Kharosthi scripts, to be "Uyghur" instead of Sogdian words absorbed into Uyghur, as proposed by...

Abu'l-Sāj Dēvdād (Arabic: أبو الساج ديوداد, Abū al-Sāj Dīwdād; died 879) was a Sogdian prince, who was of the most prominent emirs, commanders and officials of...

of stick figures and gladiators in Pompeii, and obscene drawings in the Sogdian documents from Dunhuang (9th–10th century). A young student named Onfim...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

get sent back to Transoxiana. The Sasanians now held suzerainty over the Sogdian cities of Chach and Samarkand, where Hormizd minted coins. Bahram was later...

Felt and Sogdian Silver: Foreign Gifts to Buddhist Monasteries in Ninth and Tenth-Century Dunhuang". Asia Major. 1: 15–34. 2005. "Sogdians around the...

reported to have been so impressed with the Eastern Iranic Bactrian and Sogdian palāvs that his soldiers brought the recipes back to Macedon when they...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

be sent back to Transoxiana. The Sasanians now held suzerainty over the Sogdian cities of Chach and Samarkand, where the Sasanian shah, Hormizd IV, minted...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Grivpanvar War elephants Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed...

into Europe may have been to establish an outlet to the Black Sea for the Sogdian merchants under their rule, who were involved in the trade along the Silk...

Mesopotamia Gaugamela Persia Persian Gate Persepolis Bactria Cyropolis Sogdian Rock Expedition into India Indian campaigns Cophen Aornos Hydaspes Mallian...

tribal name but rather the surname of the chief of the 思结 Sijie tribe (Sogdian: Sikari) of the Toquz Oğuz (Ch. 九姓 jĭu xìng), and that in Middle Chinese...

Arabs besieging Samarkand with a traction trebuchet (mangonel), Sogdian mural from Panjakent in Tajikistan, 8th c....

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

language that "may turn out [...] to be a missing link between Bactrian, Sogdian, the Saka languages, Old Ossetic/Alanic and ‘Old Steppe Iranian’ (and perhaps...

Belenickij, Aleksandr M.; Maršak, Boris Il'ič; Dresden, Mark J. (January 1981). Sogdian Painting: The Pictorial Epic in Oriental Art. University of California...

Fragmented pages of Manichaen manuscripts Veneration of the Tree of Life Sogdian-language Manichaean letter Gulacsi, Zsuzsanna (2009). "A Manichaean Portrait...

geography and judicial and administrative practices. Some were translated into Sogdian and discovered at Turpan. Under Yazdegerd I (r. 399–420) there were occasional...

their rule but also their freedom, as, exhausted by their wars against the Sogdians, the Arachotes, the Dranges, the Arians and the Indians, they were finally...

to Dr. Hisao Matsuda is a transliteration of the Sogdian word Navapa meaning "new water." Sogdians, an Eastern Iranian people, maintained minority communities...

Adzhina-tepe and Kafyr-kala. They are succeeded chronologically by the Sogdian art of Penjikent. The theme of the Balalyk-tepe is uniformly related to...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

to have been derived from or inspired by a non-cursive version of the Sogdian script. The steles were erected by the Göktürks in the early 8th century...

com/tamga Bobir Gayibov (2016). "About To the Question of the Main Origin of Sogdian Rulers". International Journal of Humanities & Social Science Studies III(I):...

language, an Eastern Iranian language that was closely related to the Sogdian language (of Sogdiana); as an Indo-European language, Saka was more distantly...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

extended to a part of Persia and of Media, as also to the Bactrians and Sogdians on the north; for these speak approximately the same language, but with...

Khushikat, Kumarg, Zasun and Zindakon. Ayni is an ancient town of the Sogdian civilization and later became an Islamic town; a minaret known as the Varz-i...

Yakubovich, Ilya (2017). Alberto, Cantera; Maria, Macuch (eds.). "The Myth of Sogdian Lambdacism". Iranica (25). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag: 319–342. doi:10...

Psalter Pahlavi, Rejang, Saurashtra, Sharada, Siddham, Sinhala, Sogdian, Old Sogdian, Soyombo, Sundanese, Syloti Nagri, Tagalog, Tagbanwa, Tai Le, Tai...

incursions were coupled with uprisings against the Caliphate among the local Sogdians. The Umayyad governor of Khurasan, Sa'id ibn Amr al-Harashi, harshly suppressed...

both Sogdian and Chinese dancers in clothing and appearance. Besides, the gestures of these pottery figures showed the latest trend of Sogdian whirlwind...

languages include Niya-Gāndhārī *kuciya, Sanskrit kuci-, Kuchean kᵤśiññe, Sogdian ’kwc’, and Old Turkic küsän. Guzan or Küsan is attested in the Tibetan...

ISBN 978-8412527858. "Believers, Proselytizers, & Translators The Sogdians". sogdians.si.edu. GULÁCSI, ZSUZSANNA (2010). "The Prophet's Seal: A Contextualized...

Tūrgār, also Thurgar (Sogdian: twrγ'r, Chinese: 咄曷 Duō-hé) was a medieval Sogdian ruler (an Ikhshid) in Transoxiana and successor to his father Ghurak...

into central Asian languages (such as Khotanese, Tocharian, Uighur, and Sogdian). Various jātaka stories and source texts were also translated into Chinese...

yuanlingpao also had some traces of influences from the Hufu worn by the Sogdian. The Chinese yuanlingpao continued to evolve, developing distinctive Chinese...

An 8th-century Tang dynasty Chinese clay figurine of a Sogdian man (an Eastern Iranian person) wearing a distinctive cap and face veil, possibly a camel...

Alexandri, (section 4.18.4–19.6) Archived 4 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Sogdian Rock, translated by Aubrey de Sélincourt Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri, (Section...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Stone outer coffins were also known among non-dynastic people, such as the Sogdian officials Wirkak and Yu Hong. The sarcophagus of Li Jingxun was decorated...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

Sanskrit. According to Michael Witzel, it is related to Avestan kasiiapa, Sogdian kyšph, Kurdish kûsî, New Persian kharwar, kaš(a)p which mean "tortoise"...

to be characteristic of 8th century Sogdian designs. It is quite similar to the Great Kyz Kala in Merv. Sogdian fortress in the Anikova dish, c. 800...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Szemerényi, Oswald (1980). Four old Iranian ethnic names: Scythian – Skudra – Sogdian – Saka (PDF). Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften....

was born in Jiaozhi (modern-day northern Vietnam). He was the son of a Sogdian merchant, hence the last name of Kang, meaning "one whose forefathers had...

barbarians", was used from the 6th century to denote Iranian peoples, especially Sogdians, in Central Asia, besides other non-Chinese peoples. Genetic data on ancient...

Professional Football Club Soʻgʻdiyona Jizzax Professional Futbol Klubi Nicknames Sogdians Yellows Founded 1970; 56 years ago (1970) Ground Sogdiyona Sport Majmuasi...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Grivpanvar War elephants Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed...

circle of ancient Egyptian kings. Inside the frame is a Uighur written in Sogdian alphabet: "Portrait of Princess Busuš". Below the frame is a portrait of...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

Étienne de la Vaissière, "Baghshūr" (lit. 'pond of salt water') may be the Sogdian name for the region of Chengdu. This toponym is attested near Merv, but...

Oxus Civilization Scythia Dingling / Tiele Saka Kangju Huns Middle Ages Sogdians 200s–1000s Hephthalites 440s–710 Göktürks 552–745 Karluks 665–744 Kimek...

written from left to right. This developed because the Uyghurs rotated their Sogdian-derived script, originally written right to left, 90 degrees counterclockwise...

Khaganate: namely, the Chuyue, the Türgesh-associated Suoge, and the Anqing of Sogdian origins. In the seventh century they moved to east of modern Dzungaria...

rubbish heap. Stein also recovered fragments of Khotanese, Uyghur and Sogdian documents from the site. Several of the Khotanese texts refer to the rule...

identified similar Caucasian figures of the same cave temple (No. 9) as ethnic Sogdians, who inhabited Turpan as an ethnic minority community during the phases...

China made him an unpopular ruler. This led to a rebellion in 839 by the Sogdian official An Yunhe (安允合) and Uyghur minister Chai Lei (柴勒). Qaghan was able...

left to right: Makan, Persian, Median, Elamite, Parthian, Arian Bactrian, Sogdian, Choresmian, Zarangian, Arachosian, Sattagydian, Gandharan, Hindush, Saka...

English Old German Old Khmer Old Malay Old Turkic Norse Pali Sabaic Saka Sogdian Telugu Tibetan Tocharian Welsh Medieval by century 10th 11th 12th 13th...

with a wineskin, c. 674–750 Tomb figure, 7th-8th century Tomb figure of a Sogdian man wearing a distinctive cap and face veil, possibly a camel rider or...

Siege of Cyropolis (329 BC) – Wars of Alexander the Great Siege of the Sogdian Rock (327 BC) – Wars of Alexander the Great Siege of Neapolis (c. 327 BC)...

Grivpanvar War elephants Paygan Immortals Pushtigban Sarmatians Daylamites Sogdian warriors Gond-i Shahanshah Darigan Stor Bezashk Navy Ranks Spahbed Aspbed...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

a certain Divashtich, who according to Sogdian and Arabic documents found in 1933, bore the titles of "Sogdian king", "ruler of Samarkand" and "ruler...

𐭡𐭩𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭫𐭩 Byšḥpwḥly; in Parthian: 𐭅𐭉𐭇𐭔𐭇𐭐𐭅𐭇𐭓 Wyhšhypwhr; in Sogdian: ܘܝݎܫܦܘܪ Wyxšpwr; in Syriac: ܒܝܫܗܒܘܪ; Persian: بیشاپور) was an ancient...

Pitman shorthand Proto-Sinaitic Punic Samaritan South Arabian Zabur Musnad Sogdian Syriac ʾEsṭrangēlā Serṭā Maḏnḥāyā Teeline Shorthand Ugaritic Abugidas Brahmic...

The Göktürks gained the Tarim Basin and thus the Silk Road trade and the Sogdian merchants that managed it. Bumin died in 552, the same year he rebelled...

Daena Goddess of Conscience, Truth, and Eternal law Sogdian Daēnās, a 10th-century line drawing from the Mogao Caves. The deity on the left is probably...

cities in Kazakhstan and in Transoxania, built and populated by the ancient Sogdians, Taraz celebrated its official 2,000th anniversary (recognized by UNESCO)...

Bohai's population also consisted of elements from Central Asia such as Sogdians and Tocharians. Many Uyghurs fled to Bohai after the destruction of the...

works of early medieval Central Asian art, including a seventh-century Sogdian jug kept in the Hermitage and a wall painting from the ruler's palace at...

Iranian political and religious culture. East Iranian languages, along with Sogdian, Bactrian, and other Central Asian materials, show how the Sasanian and...

lunar eclipses. The Uyghurs developed their own writing system based on Sogdian script. The Tang dynasty secretly encouraged the Yenisei Kyrgyz and Karluks...

BCE Nabataean 2nd c. BCE Arabic 4th century N'Ko 1949 Syriac 1st century Sogdian 2nd century Old Turkic 8th century Old Hungarian c. 650 Old Uyghur Mongolian...

(Tibetan: ལང་གྲོ་དཀོན་མཆོག་འབྱུང་གནས, Wylie: lang gro dkon mchog 'byung gnas) Sogdian Lhapel, Lhapal the Sokpo (Tibetan: སོག་པོ་ལྷ་དཔལ, Wylie: sog po lha dpal)...

ultimately destroyed the prosperity of the Tang. An Lushan was a half-Sogdian, half-Turkic Tang commander since 744, who had experience fighting the...

Oxus Civilization Scythia Dingling / Tiele Saka Kangju Huns Middle Ages Sogdians 200s–1000s Hephthalites 440s–710 Göktürks 552–745 Karluks 665–744 Kimek...

(Syvänne p.248) Maurice ransomed Castus later on Harmatta, János (1995). "Sogdian inscriptions on Avar objects". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae...

Murals from the Christian temple at Qocho Penjikent murals Sampul tapestry Sogdian Daēnās Oxus Treasure Bimaran Casket Buddhas of Bamiyan Kabul hoard Aramaic...

until 2014) is the capital of the province. The ancient Indo-European, Sogdian gor-/gur- ("mountain"-) is well preserved in all Slavic gor-/gór- (goor-/gur-)...