Overview of solar power in the U.S. state of Michigan
Solar power in Michigan has been growing in recent years due to new technological improvements, falling solar prices and a variety of regulatory actions and financial incentives. The largest solar farm in Michigan is Assembly Solar, completed in 2022, which has 347 MW of capacity. Small-scale solar provided 50% of Michigan solar electricity as recently as 2020 but multiple solar farms in the 100 MW to 200 MW range are proposed to be completed by the middle of the decade. Although among the lowest U.S. states for solar irradiance, Michigan mostly lies farther south than Germany where solar power is heavily deployed. Michigan is expected to use 120 TWh per year in 2030. To reach a 100% solar electrical grid would require 2.4% of Michigan's land area to host 108 GW of installed capacity.[1]
Michigan had over 1,444 MW of solar capacity by the end of 2023.[2] December 2020 marked a high point with over 105 MW brought online in that month alone. December 2021 saw 110 MW added.[3] In 2016, solar provided only about 0.25% of all electricity.[4] This rose to 1.3% in 2023.[5]
Solar farms and arrays
The 347MW Assembly Solar Project is the largest in the state. Located in Shiawassee County, it began construction in 2019 and was completed in March 2022.[6][7][8]
In July 2012, Michigan's largest rooftop array, 977.6 kW, was installed in Canton on the IKEA store.[9]Ford Motor Company and DTE Energy built the largest solar plant in the state, a 1.04 MW solar car port at Ford's world headquarters in Dearborn, Michigan in 2015.[10][11] In 2015, DTE built a 1.1 MW solar farm at Domino's Farms near Ann Arbor, slightly larger than the Ford carport.[12] The IKEA store announced an expansion of its existing array in 2015 to bring it to 1.2 MW.[13] A 1.95 MW solar farm at DTE's Greenwood Energy Center near St. Clair came online in January 2016.[14]Indiana Michigan Power, in November 2016, opened a 4.6 MW solar farm near Watervliet.[15][16] In May 2017, DTE brought online two solar farms in Lapeer County: a 28.4 MW farm and a 19.6 MW solar farm.[17] These are the first large utility-scale solar farms in the state, with the larger covering 200 acres of land and the smaller one covering 100 acres.[18] In July 2017, DTE completed a 2MW solar farm built in a closed city park in Detroit.[19]
The 24 MW Delta solar farm opened in two phases in 2018, supplying power for the Lansing Board of Water and Light.[20][21]Michigan State University built the largest solar car port project in North America, that covers 5000 parking spaces and has a total of 15 MW(DC) of power, completed in December 2017.[22][23]
In December 2020, the 20 MW Temperance Solar,[28] 20 MW Bingham Solar, 15 MW Electric City Solar and the first 50 MW phase of Assembly Solar Farm were all brought online.[3]
In January 2021, Pine Gate Renewables brought 16 MW of solar power online in the form of eight separate 2 MW solar farms in Genesee and Saginaw counties.[29]
Fort Custer began construction in May 2015 of a 0.25 MW solar farm with plans for a second 0.3 MW farm later.[30] This is part of the U.S. military's renewable energy goals of 25% renewables by 2025. In 2017, a project was announced for Fort Custer that would be a microgrid consisting of a 1.375 MW diesel system, 0.720 MW solar PV array, and a 0.400 MW energy storage system.[31]Camp Grayling has a small 0.02 MW installation on one building roof while Selfridge Air National Guard Base had no solar power by 2014. Orion Renewable Energy Group, has proposed a 100 MW solar farm in SE Goodland Township in Lapeer County.[32]
Solar with battery storage
"Circuit West" is a thirteen-block microgrid test in Grand Rapids. It contains a 0.65MW array of 1,800 panels on the roofs of three buildings and a 500 kW-hr battery.[33]
Community solar
In 2015, several community solar projects were proposed. Consumers Power built a 3 MW solar farm at Grand Valley State University, completed April 2016, which became the largest solar farm in Michigan.[34] Consumers Power also built a 1 MW community solar project at Western Michigan University, completed in August 2016.[35][36]
Spartan Solar, a 1.2 MW installation in Cadillac, was built by Wolverine Power Cooperative in fall 2016, the largest solar plant in Northern Michigan.[37] A 0.3 MW community solar farm in East Lansing opened in January 2019 for Lansing Board of Water and Light.[38][39] Escanaba approved a 1MW partly community solar installation near Delta County Airport to be online in 2018[40]
Proposed and under construction
Pittsfield Township approves 20 MW Community Solar Project on 77 acres owned by Ann Arbor.[41]
A proposed 125 MW solar farm near Muskegon would also be among the largest in the state.[42][43] Ranger Power's 149MW River Fork solar farm would be built in Sheridan Township, Calhoun County by mid-2021 and has an agreement with Consumers Energy.[44][45] Ranger has also proposed a 200 MW farm in Montcalm County to be called Freshwater Solar.[46] The 200 MW Calhoun Solar Energy Center is proposed in 2019 by Invenergy for Convis Township in Calhoun County which signed an agreement with Consumers Power in March 2021.[47][48] In 2019, Ann Arbor proposed a 20 MW solar farm on a closed landfill site.[49] In February 2020, Michigan State University's board approved a proposal to seek a 20 MW solar farm on 100 acres.[50] Traverse City is investigating a 10MW solar farm at the Cherry City Airport and a 1MW farm on a waste dump; nearby Acme Township is working on the 9MW Trailside Solar Farm.[51] A 150 MW solar farm to be built in Coldwater in Branch County was seeking planning approval in 2021.[52] Copper Country Power has an agreement to build solar farms on two former mining sites in the Upper Peninsula: Groveland Mine in Dickinson County, and 7 Mile Pit in Crawford County.[53] Superior Solar Project will be a 150 MW solar farm in Sands Township, Marquette County.[54][55] White Tail Solar would be a 120 MW farm in Washtenaw County,[56][57] A 100 MW solar project in Hart, Michigan will be online in 2023.[58]
Distributed solar
Distributed solar is not widely used in Michigan, with 14,446 installations. The total electric generation capacity of these installations was 124,749 kilowatts (kW) at the end of 2021. However, customer participation and installations are increasing quickly, with a 53% increase in capacity in 2019.[59] On Jan 21, 2023 Consumers Power agreed to double the cap on its distributed rooftop solar and legacy net metering program from 2% to 4%. Additionally, the rate at which the company credits rooftop solar customers for the excess power fed onto the grid will be based on power supply rates that factor in transmission costs.[60]
Large-scale solar plans
Despite having only reached 100 megawatts of installation statewide by 2018, thousands of megawatts have been proposed or included in planning documents. In response to DTE Energy filing a proposal for 2023 which included a 1.1GW natural gas plant with almost no new solar installations, renewable energy advocates proposed a plan with 1,100 megawatts of new solar capacity, 1,100 megawatts of wind, and 253 megawatts of demand response which they claimed would satisfy criteria at a lower cost.[61] The state panel backed the DTE proposal in April 2018.
In 2017, Cypress Creek Renewables announced plans to build 2,600MW of solar plants in Michigan but has received no contracts from the 2 major power companies.[62] Cypress Creek has filed complaints, in 2018, against DTE and Consumers Power for failing to comply with the PURPA law.[63] In August 2019, Consumers Power proposed to allow 584 MW to connect to the grid by September 2023. This was almost four times the entire state total for solar power at the time of the proposal. They also propose accepting as much as 3000 MW to be connected to the grid at a lower purchase price per kilowatt hour over a longer timeframe. The proposal would need approval from the state electrical rate board.[64] In September 2019, the Michigan Public Service Commission approved the settlement.[65]
In June 2018, Consumers Power announced a plan detailing changes from now until 2040 that would see it close all coal plants, use only natural gas for 10% of current needs and have the majority of its power supplied by solar. This would require building 6,200MW of solar as well as using 450MW of battery storage.[66] In 2020, Consumer Power expanded on this plan by announcing it would become carbon neutral.[67]
In September 2019, DTE Energy announced it was seeking bids for 25 to 200 megawatts of electricity from solar projects to be online between 2021 and 2023.[68]
Solar industry
Michigan was ranked 14th among U.S. states for solar jobs in 2013.[69]
In 2002, Stanford R. Ovshinsky built a factory in Auburn Hills, Michigan to build low cost Uni-Solar panels using amorphous semiconductors that generate power in diffuse light.[70] Uni-Solar became the second largest manufacturer of thin film solar cells, after First Solar, and a developer of solar shingles before going bankrupt in 2012.[71][72]
Suniva opened a solar panel factory in Saginaw, Michigan in 2014, capable of producing 200MW of panels per year.[73] Suniva closed its Michigan plant in March 2017 and later filed for bankruptcy.
Government policy
The Government of Michigan has taken a variety of actions in order to encourage solar energy use within the state. On 28 Nov 2023 Gov. Whitmer signed bills to transition Michigan to clean energy by 2040. The new laws also give the state the authority to override local decisions to allow farmers and property owners to house wind & solar projects on their land. State’s control over wind & solar projects will allow energy companies to avoid the bitter local zoning battles that have doomed such projects in the past.[74]
On November 20, 2019, Governor Whitmer signed legislation exempting rooftop solar & alternative energy systems up to 150 kW from property tax assessment.[75]
Net metering
The state had a net metering program that allowed installations of up to 20 kW of on-site electrical generation to continuously roll over any excess generation to the next month. Participation was limited to 0.75% of utilities peak demand the prior year.[76] Peak demand for the state for 2011 was 21,477 MW.[77]
In 2018, the net metering program was ended (with those already enrolled getting a 10-year grandfather term). The new inflow/outflow system will require new customers to pay full price for all electricity going in and receiving a credit based on avoided cost to the utility for electricity going out to the grid. Each utility will have to set this price in its rate case which must be approved by the Michigan Public Service Commission. Bills were introduced into the state house within weeks to alter this system as favoring large utilities over solar owners.[78] Co-op electrical providers are not covered by the same rules but some moved to alter their rates after the state board's ruling.
Renewable portfolio standard
The state adopted a Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) in 2008 which required that 10% of Michigan's electricity come from renewable resources by 2015.[79] This standard was met mostly by wind power. A program to add 2 MW of distributed solar by Consumers Energy customers was reached in two weeks, and the state directed the company to offer another 2 MW at a cost not to exceed $20 million.[80]
In December 2016, a new energy policy was adopted which called for 12.5% renewable power by 2019 and 15% by 2021. It further called for power suppliers to "obtain at least 35% of the State's electric needs through energy waste reduction and renewable energy by 2025."[81]
Before the 2018 election, a referendum calling for "30% by 2030" was circulating. In response, DTE and Consumers Power promised at least 50% consisting of 25% actual renewables and 25% efficiency and demand reduction.[82] The referendum's backers including Tom Steyer then stopped their campaign.[83]
In September 2020, Gov. Whitmer signed an executive order for "statewide decarbonization by 2050."[84] Bills were introduced in January 2020 to require that all of Michigan utilities' energy generation be renewable by 2050.[85]
^Sherwood, Larry (August 2012). "U.S. Solar Market Trends 2011"(PDF). Interstate Renewable Energy Council (IREC). p. 16. Archived from the original(PDF) on September 6, 2012. Retrieved August 16, 2012.
^Sherwood, Larry (June 2011). "U.S. Solar Market Trends 2010"(PDF). Interstate Renewable Energy Council (IREC). p. 20. Retrieved June 29, 2011.
^Sherwood, Larry (July 2010). "U.S. Solar Market Trends 2009"(PDF). Interstate Renewable Energy Council (IREC). p. 23. Archived from the original(PDF) on September 25, 2010. Retrieved July 28, 2010.
^Sherwood, Larry (July 2009). "U.S. Solar Market Trends 2008"(PDF). Interstate Renewable Energy Council (IREC). p. 16. Archived from the original(PDF) on November 23, 2009. Retrieved July 24, 2010.
^Sherwood, Larry (July 2012). "U.S. Solar Market Trends 2012"(PDF). Interstate Renewable Energy Council (IREC). p. 16. Retrieved October 11, 2013.
^Sherwood, Larry (July 2014). "U.S. Solar Market Trends 2013"(PDF). Interstate Renewable Energy Council (IREC). Retrieved September 26, 2014.
American multicultural college sorority This article may rely excessively on sources too closely associated with the subject, potentially preventing the article from being verifiable and neutral. Please help improve it by replacing them with more appropriate citations to reliable, independent, third-party sources. (September 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Sigma Psi ZetaΣΨΖFoundedMarch 23, 1994; 29 years ago (1994-03-23)University at AlbanyTypeCult…
Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Oktober 2023. PalazzoloNama lengkapAssociazione Calcio Palazzolo Associazione Sportiva DilettantisticaBerdiri1954StadionStadio Alessandro Scrofani Salustro(Kapasitas: 1,300)KetuaGaetano CutrufoManajerGaspare CacciolaLigaSerie D/I2011-12Serie D/I 5th Kostum kandang Kost…
Untuk film Indonesia yang terkait, lihat Koki-Koki Cilik. Koki-Koki Cilik 2Poster filmSutradaraViva WestiProduserFerry ArdiyanSkenarioVera VaridiaPemeran Farras Fatik Ringgo Agus Rahman Alifa Lubis Clarice Cutie Romaria Simbolon Ali Fikry Marcello Mahesa M Adhiyat Kimberly Ryder Christian Sugiono Penata musikDonny AksonSinematograferRegina AninditaPenyunting Wawan I Wibowo Syarif Hidayat PerusahaanproduksiMNC PicturesTanggal rilis 27 Juni 2019 (2019-06-27) (Indonesia) 30 September…
OneShot Publikasi Windows 9 Desember 2016 (2016-12-09) macOS 31 Mei 2018 (2018-05-31) Linux 24 April 2019 (2019-04-24) Switch, PS4, Xbox One 22 Agustus 2022 (2022-08-22) GenreTeka-tekipetualanganKarakterNiko (en) Bahasa Daftar Inggris, Italia, Jepang, Korea, Portugis Brasil, Prancis, Rusia, Spanyol dan Tionghoa Sederhana 60 Karakteristik teknisPlatformWindows, macOS, Linux dan Nintendo Switch MesinRPG Maker XPModePermainan video pemain tunggal Formatdistribusi digital dan und…
Love is True adalah sebuah seri drama televisi Tiongkok tahun 2021 yang disutradarai oleh Lu Xing dan ditulis oleh Wang Wanping. Seri tersebut menampilkan Liu Tao, Du Chun, Li Nian, Wang Yuanke, Yuan Wenkang, dan Dai Xu.[1] Sinopsis Seorang wanita karir hebat bernama Xiao Yan menjadi eksekutif senior di perusahaan kosmetik ternama dan mendapatkan tugas berat. Kali ini Xiao Yan ditugaskan di sektor ibu dan anak, padahal dia sendiri memutuskan tidak memiliki anak karena fokus pada karir. U…
Bakteri dominan pada kulit manusia. Mikrobiota adalah komunitas ekologis mikroorganisme simbiosis komensalisme dan patogenik[1][2] yang ditemukan pada semua organisme multisel yang dipelajari hingga saat ini dari tanaman hingga hewan. Mikrobiota termasuk bakteri, arkea, protista, fungi dan virus. Mikrobiota sangat penting untuk homeostasis kekebalan, hormonal dan metabolisme inang mereka. Istilah sinomim mikrobioma menggambarkan baik kolektif genom dari mikroorganisme yang berada…
Replika Bounty, yang dibangun pada 1960 HMS Bounty, juga disebut sebagai HM Kapal Bersenjata Bounty, adalah sebuah kapal niaga kecil yang dibeli oleh Angkatan Laut Britania Raya untuk misi botani. Kapal tersebut dikirim ke Samudera Pasifik di bawah komando William Bligh untuk mengangkut tumbuhan-tumbuhan sukun dan membawanya ke wilayah-wilayah Britania di Hindia Barat. Misi tersebut tak pernah rampung karena dahagi yang dipimpin oleh Pelaksana Jabatan Letnan Fletcher Christian. Insiden tersebut …
Debi SagitaLahirDebi Sagita16 Desember 1996 (umur 27)Jambi, IndonesiaPekerjaanAktrisTahun aktif2013 - sekarang Debi Sagita (lahir 16 Desember 1996) adalah aktris berkebangsaan Indonesia. Filmografi Film Tahun Judul Peran Catatan 2015 Magic Hour Suster 2016 Modus Jennifer muda Serial televisi Tahun Judul Peran Catatan 2015 High School Love Story Teman Zoya 2016 Popcorn Kasih FTV Cemang Cemong Arang Bawa Jodoh Polwan Cantik Belahan Jiwa Bosku Super Geulis Antara Cinta dan Janur Kuning Ci…
Jembatan Bir-Hakeim Jembatan Bir-Hakeim, sebelumnya Pont de Passy, adalah sebuah jembatan yang melintasi Seine di Paris[1]. Ini menghubungkan arondisemen ke-15 dan ke-16, melewati Île aux Cygnes. Jembatan yang terbuat dari baja itu merupakan yang kedua berdiri di lokasi tersebut. Itu dibangun antara tahun 1903 dan 1905, menggantikan jembatan sebelumnya yang didirikan pada tahun 1878. Sebuah jembatan lengkung, dengan panjang 237 meter (777 kaki) dan lebar 24,7 meter (81 kaki).[2]…
Ini adalah nama Tionghoa; marganya adalah Huang. Huang Yongsheng 黄永胜General Huang YongshengLahir1910Xianning, Hubei, Dinasti QingMeninggal26 April 1983 Republik Rakyat Tiongkok Qingdao, Shandong, Republik Rakyat TiongkokPengabdian TiongkokDinas/cabangTentara Pembebasan RakyatLama dinas1927–1971PangkatJenderal (1955)Kesatuankorps pertama, Tentara Merah TiongkokKomandanDivisi ke-31 Tentara Merah ke-11, Divisi ke-16 Tentara Merah ke-22Perang/pertempuranKebangkitan Panen M…
Jat-guksuJenisGuksuTempat asalKoreaDaerahWilayah GyeonggiBahan utamaMie (tepung terigu atau gandum kuda), kaldu (kacang pinus)Sunting kotak info • L • BBantuan penggunaan templat ini Media: Jat-guksu Korean nameHangul잣국수 Alih Aksarajat-guksuMcCune–Reischauerchat-kuksuIPA[tɕat̚.k͈uk̚.s͈u] Jat-guksu (잣국수; lit. pine nut noodles) adalah hidangan mie Korea yang terdiri dari tepung terigu atau mie soba dalam semangkuk kaldu dingin yang terbuat dari k…
Bagian dari seriGereja Katolik menurut negara Afrika Afrika Selatan Afrika Tengah Aljazair Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Chad Eritrea Eswatini Etiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guinea Khatulistiwa Jibuti Kamerun Kenya Komoro Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagaskar Malawi Mali Maroko Mauritania Mauritius Mesir Mozambik Namibia Niger Nigeria Pantai Gading Republik Demokratik Kongo Republik Kongo Rwanda Sao Tome dan Principe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia Somaliland Sud…
New MexicoNegara bagian BenderaLambangPeta Amerika Serikat dengan ditandaiNegaraAmerika SerikatSebelum menjadi negara bagianWilayah New MexicoBergabung ke Serikat6 Januari 1912 (47)Kota terbesarAlbuquerqueMetropolitan terbesarAlbuquerque-Rio Rancho MetroPemerintahan • GubernurSusana Martínez (R) • Wakil GubernurDiane D. Denish (D) • Majelis tinggi{{{Upperhouse}}} • Majelis rendah{{{Lowerhouse}}}Senator ASJeff Bingaman (D) Tom Udall (D)Delegasi DPR…
This article is about the destinations of the Dutch airline. For the destinations of its French counterpart, see List of Transavia France destinations. This is a list of scheduled year-round and seasonal destinations served by Dutch low-cost airline Transavia (formerly transavia.com) as of December 2020:[1] List Countries in which Transavia operates as of October 2023[2][3][4] Transavia Boeing 737-800 This section needs additional citations for verification. Pleas…
Las Vegas Lights FCNama lengkapLas Vegas Lights Football ClubJulukanThe LightsBerdiri11 Agustus 2017; 6 tahun lalu (2017-08-11)OwnerBrett LashbrookManajerBrett LashbrookHead coachEric WynaldaLigaKejuaraan USLKejuaraan USL 2019ke 13Situs webSitus web resmi klub Kostum kandang Kostum tandang Musim ini Las Vegas Lights FC adalah tim sepak bola profesional Amerika yang berbasis di Las Vegas, Nevada yang bermain di Kejuaraan USL. Tim ini didirikan pada tahun 2018 dan memainkan pertandingan …
The Prince and Princess of Wales (then known as the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge) in Ottawa, Canada during their first joint royal tour outside the United Kingdom from 30 June to 8 July 2011 This is a list of official overseas visits and Commonwealth tours made by the Prince and Princess of Wales. Prince William, as a child, first traveled with his parents on official visits and tours. He is presently one of the United Kingdom's most important ambassadors; sometimes the Prince travels overseas …
2022 Indian Hindi-language film by Farhad Samji For another Akshay Kumar character with the same name, see Tashan (film). Bachchhan PaandeyTheatrical release posterDirected byFarhad SamjiWritten bySajid NadiadwalaFarhad SamjiTushar HiranandaniSparsh KhetarpalTasha BhambraZeishan QuadriBased onJigarthandaby Karthik SubbarajProduced bySajid NadiadwalaStarringAkshay KumarKriti SanonJacqueline FernandezArshad WarsiCinematographyGavemic U. Ary[1]Edited byCharu Shree RoyMusic bySongs:Amaal Mal…
Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Januari 2023. Koordinat: 39°4′24″N 139°52′5″E / 39.07333°N 139.86806°E / 39.07333; 139.86806 Jūroku Rakan Iwa Jūroku Rakan Iwa (十六羅漢岩code: ja is deprecated ) atau 16 Batu Rakan merupakan sebuah monumen bagi para penangkap…