Bibliography of the Russian Revolution and Civil War

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This is a select bibliography of post-World War II English language books (including translations) and journal articles about the Revolutionary and Civil War era of Russian (Soviet) history. The sections "General surveys" and "Biographies" contain books; other sections contain both books and journal articles. Book entries may have references to reviews published in English language academic journals or major newspapers when these could be considered helpful. Additional bibliographies can be found in many of the book-length works listed below; see Further reading for several book and chapter length bibliographies. The External links section contains entries for publicly available select bibliographies from universities.

Inclusion criteria

The period covered is 1904–1923, beginning approximately with the 1905 Russian Revolution and ending approximately with the death of Lenin. The works on the Revolution and Civil War in the Russian Empire extend to 1926.^[1]

Topics covered include the Russian Revolution (1905), the February and October Revolutions in 1917, and the Russian Civil War, as well as closely related events, and biographies of prominent individuals involved in the Revolution and Civil War. A limited number of English translations of significant primary sources are included along with references to larger archival collections. This bibliography does not include newspaper articles (except primary sources and references), fiction or photo collections created during or about the Revolution or Civil War.

For works on the Russo-Japanese War, see Bibliography of the Russo-Japanese War; for works on the Russian involvement in World War I, see Bibliography of Russia during World War I.

Works included below are referenced in the notes or bibliographies of scholarly secondary sources or journals. Included works should: be published by an independent academic or notable non-governmental publisher; be authored by an independent and notable subject matter expert; or have significant independent scholarly journal reviews. Works published by non-academic government entities are excluded.

This bibliography is restricted to history.^[a]

Citation style This bibliography uses APA style citations. Entries do not use templates. References to reviews and notes for entries do use citation templates. Where books which are only partially related to Ukrainian history are listed, the titles for chapters or sections should be indicated if possible, meaningful, and not excessive.

If a work has been translated into English, the translator should be included and a footnote with appropriate bibliographic information for the original language version should be included.

When listing works with titles or names published with alternative English spellings, the form used in the latest published version should be used and the version and relevant bibliographic information noted if it previously was published or reviewed under a different title.

General works on Russian history which have significant content about this bibliography's timeframe of history.

• Ascher A. (2017). Russia: A Short History. (3rd Revised Ed.). London: Oneworld Publications.^[2]
• Auty R., Obolensky D. D. (Ed.) (1980-1981). Companion to Russian Studies (3 vols.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Bartlett, R. P. (2005). A History of Russia. — Basingstoke; N. Y.: Palgrave Macmillan. (Macmillan Essential Histories).^[3][4]
• Billington, J. (2010). The Icon and Axe: An Interpretative History of Russian Culture. New York: Vintage.^[5]
• Blum, J. (1971). Lord and Peasant in Russia from the Ninth to the Nineteenth Century. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.^[6][7]
• Bogatyrev, S. (Ed.). (2004). Russia Takes Shape. Patterns of Integration from the Middle Ages to the Present. Helsinki: Finnish Academy of Science and Letters.^[8][9]
• Borrero, M. (2004) Russia: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present. New York: Facts on File.^[10]
• Boterbloem, K. (2018) A History of Russia and Its Empire: From Mikhail Romanov to Vladimir Putin. (2nd Ed.) Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.^[11]
• Boterbloem, K. (2020) Russia as Empire: Past and Present. London: Reaktion Books.^[12]
• Breyfogle, N., Schrader, A., Sunderland W. (2007) Peopling the Russian Periphery: Borderland Colonization in Eurasian History. London: Routledge.^[13]
• Bushkovitch, P. (2011). A Concise History of Russia (Illustrated edition). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.^{[14][15][16][17]}
• Chatterjee, Choi. (2022) Russia in World History: A Transnational Approach. London: Bloomsbury Academic.^[18]
• Cherniavsky, M. (Ed.). (1970). The Structure of Russian History: Interpretive Essays. New York, NY: Random House.
• Christian, D. (1998). A History of Russia, Central Asia and Mongolia (2 vols.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.^{[19][20][21][22]}
• Clarkson, J. D. (1961). A History of Russia. New York: Random House.^[23][24]
• Connolly, R. (2020). The Russian Economy: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Dmytryshyn, B. (1967, 1973, 1997). Medieval Russia: A Source Book 2: 850-1700. San Diego: Harcourt Brace College Publishers.^[25][26]
• Dmytryshyn, B. (1977). A History of Russia. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.^[27][28]
• Dukes, P. (1998) A History of Russia: Medieval, Modern, Contemporary. New York: McGraw-Hill.^{[29][30][31][32]}
• Figes, O. (2022). The Story of Russia. New York: Metropolitan Books.^[33]
• Forsyth, J. (1992). A History of the Peoples of Siberia: Russia's North Asian Colony 1581–1990. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.^{[34][35][36][37][38]}
• Freeze, G. L. (2009). Russia: A History (Revised edition). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.^[39]
• Gleason A. (Ed.). (2009). A Companion to Russian History. — Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. (Wiley-Blackwell Companions to World History).^[40][41][42]
• Grousset, R. (1970). The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia (N. Walford, Trans.). New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.^[43]
• Lieven, D., Perrie, M., & Suny, R. (Eds.). (2006). The Cambridge History of Russia (3 vols.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.^[b]
• Moss W. G. (1955, 2d ed. 2003-2005) A History of Russia (2 Vols). London: Anthem Press.
• Pipes, R. (1974). Russia Under the Old Regime. New York, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons.^{[44][45][46][47]}
• Poe, M. T. (2003) The Russian Moment in World History. Princeton; Oxford: Princeton University Press.^{[48][49][50][51]}
• Riasanovsky, N. V. (2018). A History of Russia (9th edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press.^[52]
• Shubin, D. H. (2005). A History of Russian Christianity (4 vols.). New York: Agathon Press.
• Ward, C. J., & Thompson J. M. (2021). Russia: A Historical Introduction from Kievan Rus' to the Present. (9th Ed.). New York: Routledge.

These works contain significant overviews of the Revolution and Civil War era.

• Figes, O. (2015). Revolutionary Russia, 1891-1991. New York: Metropolitan Books.
• Heller, M., Nekrich, A. M., & Carlos, P. B. (1986). Utopia in Power: The History of the Soviet Union from 1917 to the present. New York: Simon and Schuster.^[53][54]
• Hosking, G. (1987). The First Socialist Society: A History of the Soviet Union from Within (2nd Edition). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.^[55][56][57]
• Kort, M. G. (2019). The Soviet Colossus (8th Edition). London: Routledge.^[58]
• Kenez, P. (2017). A History of the Soviet Union from the Beginning to its Legacy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
• Lewin, M. (2016). The Soviet Century. (G. Elliot, Ed.). New York: Verso.^[59][60]
• Malia, M. (1995). Soviet Tragedy: A History of Socialism in Russia 1917-1991. New York: Free Press.^[61][62]
• McAuley, M. (1992). Soviet Politics 1917-1991. Oxford University Press.^[63]
• McCauley, M. (2007). The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Union (Longman History Of Russia). London: Routledge.^[64][65]
• Nove, A. (1993). An Economic History of the USSR 1917-1991 (3rd Edition). London: Arkana Publishing.
• Suny, R. G. (1997). The Soviet Experiment: Russia, The USSR, and the Successor States. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Suny, R. G. (Ed.). (2006). The Cambridge History of Russia: Volume 3, The Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.^[c][66][67]
• Suny, R. G. (2013). The Structure of Soviet History: Essays and Documents (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.^[68]

• Beevor, A. (2022). Russia: Revolution and Civil War, 1917—1921. New York: Viking Press.
• Brenton, T. (2017). Was Revolution Inevitable?: Turning Points of the Russian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press.^[69]
• Carr, E. H. (1985). A History of Soviet Russia: The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917–1923. (3 vols). New York: W. W. Norton and Company.^[70][71]
• Chamberlin, W. H. (1935/1987). The Russian Revolution 1917-1918, Vol. 1: From the Overthrow of the Tsar to the Assumption of Power by the Bolsheviks. Princeton: Princeton University Press.^[72]
• Daniels, R. V. (1972). The Russian Revolution. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.^[73][74]
• Dowler, W. (2010). Russia in 1913. DeKalb: DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press.^[75][76]
• Engelstein, L. (2017). Russia in Flames: War, Revolution, Civil War, 1914–1921. New York: Oxford University Press.^[77][78]
• Figes, O. (1997). A People's Tragedy: A History of the Russian Revolution. New York: Viking Press.^[79][80]
• Fitzpatrick, S. (2017). The Russian Revolution. (4th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.^[81][82][83]
• Lee, S. J. (2003). Lenin and Revolutionary Russia. London: Routledge.
• Kowalski, R. I. (1997). The Russian Revolution, 1917–1921 London: Routledge.^[84][85]
• Lewin, M. (2005). Lenin's Last Struggle. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.^[86]
• Lieven, D. (2016). The End of Tsarist Russia: The March to World War I and Revolution. New York: Penguin Books.^[87][88]
• Lincoln, W. B. (1986). Passage Through Armageddon: The Russians in War and Revolution, 1914-1918. New York: Simon and Schuster.^[89]
• Malone, R. (2004). Analysing the Russian Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Marples, D. R. (2014). Lenin's Revolution: Russia, 1917–1921. London: Routledge.
• McMeekin, S. (2017). The Russian Revolution: A New History. New York: Basic Books.
• Miéville, C. (2017). October: The Story of the Russian Revolution. New York: Verso.
• Pipes, R. (1990). The Russian Revolution. New York: Knopf.
• Rabinowich, A. (1991). Prelude to Revolution: The Petrograd Bolsheviks and the July 1917. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.^[90]
• ———. (2007). The Bolsheviks in Power: The First Year of Soviet Rule in Petrograd. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.^[91][92]
• ———. (2017). The Bolsheviks Come to Power: The Revolution of 1917 in Petrograd. Chicago: Haymarket Books.^[93]
• Read, C. (1996). From Tsar to Soviets: The Russian People and Their Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press.^[94]
• ———. (2013). War and Revolution in Russia, 1914–22. London: Macmillan.^[95]
• Schapiro, L. B. (1984). The Russian Revolutions of 1917: The Origins of Modern Communism. New York: Basic Books.^[96]
• Service, R. W. (1991). The Russian Revolution 1900–1927. London: Macmillan.^[d]
• Smith, S. A. (2017). Russia in Revolution: An Empire in Crisis, 1890 to 1928. New York: Oxford University Press.^[97][98]
• Smele, J. (2016). The "Russian" Civil Wars, 1916-1926: Ten Years That Shook the World. New York: Oxford University Press.^{[e][99][100][101]}
• Ulam, A. B. (1965). The Bolsheviks: The Intellectual and Political History of the Triumph of Communism in Russia. New York: Macmillan.^[102][103]
• Wade, R. A. (1969).The Russian Search For Peace, February - October 1917. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press^[104][105]
• ———. (2000). The Russian Revolution, 1917. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Williams, B. (2021). Late Tsarist Russia, 1881–1913 (Routledge Studies in the History of Russian and Eastern Europe). New York: Routledge.^[106]
• Zygar, M. (2017). The Empire Must Die: Russia's Revolutionary Collapse, 1900-1917. New York: PublicAffairs.^[107]

• Anweiler, O. (1975). The Soviets: The Russian Workers, Peasants, and Soldiers Councils, 1905-1921. New York: Pantheon Books.^[108][109]
• Argenbright, R. (1998). The Soviet Agitational Vehicle: State Power on the Social Frontier. Political Geography, 17(3), 253–272.
• Badcock, S. (2007). Politics and the People in Revolutionary Russia: A Provincial History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.^[110]
• Bettelheim, C., & Pearce, B. (1976). Class Struggles in the USSR: First Period 1917-1923. New York: Monthly Review Press.^{[111][112][113]}
• Borrero, M. (2003). Hungry Moscow: Scarcity and Urban Society in the Russian Civil War, 1917-1921. New York: Peter Lang.^[114]
• Brovkin, V. N. (1994). Behind the Front Lines of the Civil War: Political Parties and Social Movements in Russia, 1918–1922. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
• ———. (1997). The Bolsheviks in Russian Society: The Revolution and the Civil Wars. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.^{[115][116][117]}
• Chary, F. (1975). The Russian Masses in the October Revolution 1917. European Labor and Working Class History, 7 (6–7).
• Engel, B. (1997). Not by Bread Alone: Subsistence Riots in Russia during World War I. The Journal of Modern History, 69(4), 696–721.
• Fitzpatrick, S. (1971). The Commissariat of Enlightenment: Soviet Organization of Education and the Arts Under Lunacharsky, October 1917-1921. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.^[118][119]
• ———. (1992). The Cultural Front: Power and Culture in Revolutionary Russia. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.^{[f][120][121][122]}
• ———. (1988). The Bolsheviks' Dilemma: Class, Culture, and Politics in the Early Soviet Years. Slavic Review, 47(4), 599–613.
• Fitzpatrick, S., Rabinowich, A., & Stites, R. (1995). Russia in the Era of NEP: Explorations in Soviet Society and Culture. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.^{[123][124][125][126]}
• Frame, M., Kolonit︠s︡kiĭ, B. I., Marks, S. G., & Stockdale, M. K. (2014). Russian Culture in War and Revolution, 1914–1922. Vol 1: Popular Culture, the Arts, and Institutions/Russian Culture in War and Revolution, 1914–1922. Vol. 2: Political Culture, Identities, Mentalities, and Memory. Bloomington: Slavica Publishers.^[127]
• Gleason, A. (1989). Bolshevik Culture: Experiment and Order in the Russian Revolution. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.^[128][129]
• Galmarini, M. (2016). The Right to Be Helped: Deviance, Entitlement, and the Soviet Moral Order (NIU Series in Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies). DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press.^[130]
• Keep, J. L. H. (1976). The Russian Revolution. A Study in Mass Mobilization. New York: Norton.^{[131][132][133]}
• Koenker, D. (1985). Urbanization and Deurbanization in the Russian Revolution and Civil War. The Journal of Modern History, 57(3), 424–450.
• Koenker, D., Rosenberg, W. G., & Suny, R. G. (1989). Party, State, and Society in the Russian Civil War: Explorations in Social History. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.^[134]
• Lih, L. T. (1990). Bread and Authority in Russia, 1914–1921. Berkeley: University of California Press.^[135][136]
• Lorimer, F. (1979). The Population of the Soviet Union: History and Prospects. New York: AMS Press.^[137][138]
• Marot, J. E. (1994). Class Conflict, Political Competition and Social Transformation: Critical Perspectives on the Social History of the Russian Revolution. Revolutionary Russia, 7(2), 111–163.
• Mawdsley, E., & White, S. (2004). The Soviet Elite from Lenin to Gorbachev: The Central Committee and Its Members, 1917-1991. Oxford: Oxford University Press.^[139][140]
• Palat, M. V. K. (2001). Social Identities in Revolutionary Russia. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.^[141][142]
• Raleigh, D. (1999). Co-optation Amid Repression: The Revolutionary Communists in Saratov Province 1918-1920. Cahiers Du Monde Russe, 40(4), 625–656.
• Rosenberg, W. G. (1988). Identities, Power, and Social Interactions in Revolutionary Russia. Slavic Review, 47(1), 21–28.
• ———. (1990). Bolshevik Visions: First Phase of the Cultural Revolution in Soviet Russia. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.^[143]
• Sanborn, J. (2005). Unsettling the Empire: Violent Migrations and Social Disaster in Russia during World War I. The Journal of Modern History, 77(2), 290–324.
• Service, R. W. (1999). Society and Politics in the Russian Revolution. New York: Macmillan.^{[144][145][146]}
• Siegelbaum, L. H. (1994). Soviet State and Society Between Revolutions, 1918-1929. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.^[147][148]
• Stites, R. (1992). Russian Popular Culture: Entertainment and Society Since 1900. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.^[149][150]
• Smith, D. (1983). Former People: The Final Days of the Russian Aristocracy. New York: Picador Macmillan.^[151]
• Steinberg, M. D. (2018). Proletarian Imagination: Self, Modernity, and the Sacred in Russia, 1910-1925. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.^[152]
• Stites, R. (1988). Revolutionary Dreams: Utopian Vision and Experimental Life in the Russian Revolution. New York: Oxford University Press.^[153][154]
• Wheatcroft, S. (1983). Famine and Epidemic Crises in Russia, 1918-1922: The Case of Saratov. Annales De Démographie Historique, (1983), 329–352.
• Williams, C. (1993). The 1921 Russian Famine: Centre and Periphery Responses. Revolutionary Russia, 6(2), 277–314.

• Allen, B. (2005). Alexander Shliapnikov and the Origins of the Workers' Opposition, March 1919-April 1920. Jahrbücher Für Geschichte Osteuropas, 53(1), 1–24.
• Avrich, P. (1963). The Bolshevik Revolution and Workers' Control in Russian Industry. Slavic Review, 22(1), 47–63.
• Aves, J. (1996). Workers Against Lenin: Labour Protest and the Bolshevik Dictatorship. London: I.B. Tauris.^{[155][156][157]}
• Bater, J. H. (1976). St Petersburg: Industrialization and Change. London: E. Arnold.^{[158][159][160]}
• Berk, S. (1975). The "Class-Tragedy" of Izhevsk: Working-Class Opposition to Bolshevism in 1918. Russian History, 2(2), 176–190.
• Boll, M. M. (1979). The Petrograd Armed Workers Movement in the February Revolution (February–July, 1917): A Study in the Radicalization of the Petrograd Proletariat. Washington DC: University Press of America.^[161][162]
• Brinton, M. (1975). The Bolsheviks and Workers' Control, 1917-1921: The State and Counter-Revolution. Montreal, QC: Black Rose Books.
• Brovkin, V. (1990). Workers' Unrest and the Bolsheviks' Response in 1919. Slavic Review, 49(3), 350–373.
• Chase, W. J. (1987). Workers, society, and the Soviet State: Labor and Life in Moscow, 1918-1929. Urbana : University of Illinois Press.^[163]
• Haimson, L. (1964). The Problem of Social Stability in Urban Russia, 1905–1917. Slavic Review. Part 1: 23(4), 619–642. Part 2: 24(1), 1–22.
• Hamm, M. F. The Breakdown of Urban Modernization: A Prelude to the Revolution of 1917 in Hamm, M. F. (Ed.). (1976). The City in Russian History. Lexington, KY: Kentucky University Press. 182–210.
• Hatch, J. (1987). Working-Class Politics in Moscow during the Early NEP: Mensheviks and Workers' Organisations, 1921-1922. Soviet Studies, 39(4), 556–574.
• Holmes, L. E. (1990). For the Revolution Redeemed: The Workers Opposition in the Bolshevik Party 1919-1921. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Center for Russian and East European Studies.
• Husband, W. (1985). Workers' Control and Centralization in the Russian Revolution: The Textile Industry of the Central Industrial Region, 1917-1920. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
• Jahn, H. (1990). The Housing Revolution in Petrograd 1917-1920. Jahrbücher Für Geschichte Osteuropas, 38(2), Neue Folge, 212–227.
• Kaiser, D. H. (Ed.). (1987). The Workers' Revolution in Russia, 1917. The View from Below. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.^[164][165]
• Koenker, D. (1981). Moscow Workers and the 1917 Revolution. Princeton: Princeton University Press.^{[166][167][168]}
• ———. (1995). Men against Women on the Shop Floor in Early Soviet Russia: Gender and Class in the Socialist Workplace. The American Historical Review, 100(5), 1438–1464.
• Mandel, D. (2007). The Petrograd Workers and the Fall of the Old Regime: From the February Revolution to the July Days, 1917. Chicoutimi: Bibliothèque Paul-Émile Boulet de l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi.^[169]
• Pirani, S. (2004). The Moscow Workers' Movement in 1921 and the Role of Non-Partyism. Europe-Asia Studies, 56(1), 143–160,
• Rappaport, H. (2017). Caught in the Revolution: Petrograd, Russia, 1917 - A World on the Edge. New York: St. Martin's Press.^[170]
• Rosenberg, W. (1985). Russian Labor and Bolshevik Power After October. Slavic Review, 44(2), 213–238.
• Rosenberg, W., & Koenker, D. (1987). The Limits of Formal Protest: Worker Activism and Social Polarization in Petrograd and Moscow, March to October, 1917. The American Historical Review, 92(2), 296–326.
• Rucker, R. (1979). Workers' Control of Production in the October Revolution and Civil War. Science & Society, 43(2), 158–185.
• Schwarz, S. M. (1967). Russian Revolution of 1905: Worker's Movement and Formation of Bolshevism and Menshevism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.^[171]
• Shkliarevsky, G. (1993). Labor in the Russian Revolution: Factory Committees and Trade Unions: 1917-1918. New York: St. Martin's Press.^[172][173]
• Siegelbaum, L. H. (1983). The Politics of Industrial Mobilization in Russia, 1914-17: A Study of the War-Industries Committees. London: Macmillan.^[174][175]
• Smith, S. A. (1983/2010). Red Petrograd: Revolution in the Factories, 1917-1918 (Cambridge Russian, Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.^{[176][177][178][179][180]}
• ———. (1984). Moscow Workers and the Revolutions of 1905 and 1917. Soviet Studies, 36(2), 282–289.
• Tsuji, Y. (1989). The Debate on the Trade Unions, 1920–21. Revolutionary Russia, 2(1), 31–100.
• Wade, R. A. (1984). Red Guards and Workers' Militias in the Russian Revolution. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.^[181][182]
• Ward, C. (1990). Russia’s cotton workers and the new economic policy: Shop-Floor Culture and State Policy, 1921-1929. Cambridge University Press.^[183]

• Avrich, P. (1970). Kronstadt, 1921. Princeton: Princeton University Press.^[184]
• Bascomb, N. (2007). Red Mutiny: Eleven Fateful Days on the Battleship Potemkin. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
• Ferro, M. (1971). The Russian Soldier in 1917: Undisciplined, Patriotic, and Revolutionary. Slavic Review, 30(3), 483–512.
• Getzler, I. (2009). Kronstadt 1917-1921: The Fate of a Soviet Democracy (Cambridge Russian, Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.^{[185][186][187]}
• Jones, D. (1976). The Officers and the October Revolution. Soviet Studies, 28(2), 207–223.
• Longley, D. A. (1973). Officers and Men. A Study of the Development of Political Attitudes among the Sailors of the Baltic Fleet in 1917. Soviet Studies, 25(1), 28–50.
• Mawdsley, E. (1978). The Russian Revolution and the Baltic Fleet: War and Politics, February 1917-April 1918. London: Macmillan.^[188][189]
• Nikolaieff, A. (1946). The February Revolution and the Russian Army. The Russian Review, 6(1), 17–25.
• Sanborn, J. A. (2011). Drafting the Russian Nation: Military Conscription, Total War, and Mass Politics, 1905-1925. Dekalb: Northern Illinois University Press.^[190]
• Saul, N. (1978). Sailors in Revolt. The Russian Baltic Fleet in 1917. Lawrence, KS: Regents Press of Kansas.^[191]
• Von, H. M. (1993). Soldiers in the Proletarian Dictatorship: The Red Army and the Soviet Socialist State, 1917-1930. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.^[192][193]
• Wildman, A. (1970). The February Revolution in the Russian Army. Soviet Studies, 22(1), 3–23.

• Atkinson, D. (1983). The End of the Russian Land Commune, 1905-1930. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.
• Badcock, S. (2001). We're for the Muzhiks' Party!' Peasant Support for the Socialist Revolutionary Party During 1917. Europe-Asia Studies, 53(1), 133–149.
• Baker, M. (1999). Beyond the National: Peasants, Power, and Revolution in Ukraine. Journal of Ukrainian Studies, 24(1), 39–67.
• Baker, M. R. (2016). Peasants, Power, and Place: Revolution in the Villages of Kharkiv Province, 1914–1921 (Harvard Series In Ukrainian Studies). Cambridge: Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute.^[194]
• Bartlett, R. P. (1990). Land Commune and Peasant Community in Russia: Communal Forms in Imperial and Early Soviet Society. New York: St. Martin's Press.^[195]
• Bernstein, H. (2018). The 'peasant problem' in the Russian revolution(s), 1905–1929. The Journal of Peasant Studies 45(5/6) 1127–1150.
• Channon, J. (1988). The Bolsheviks and the Peasantry: The Land Question during the First Eight Months of Soviet Rule. The Slavonic and East European Review, 66(4), 593–624.
• Figes, O. (1989). Peasant Russia, Civil War: The Volga Countryside in Revolution (1917–1921). New York: Oxford University Press.^[196][197]
• Danilov, V. P. (1988). Rural Russia Under the New Regime. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.^[198]
• Fleishchauer, I. (1979). The Agrarian Program of the Russian Constitutional Democrats. Cahiers du Monde Russe et Soviétique, 20(2), 173–201.
• Gill, G. J. (1979). Peasants and Government in the Russian Revolution. Landham: Rowman & Littlefield.^[199][200]
• Graziosi, A. (1996). The Great Soviet Peasant War: Bolsheviks and Peasants, 1917-1933. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.^[201]
• Heinzen, J. (1997). "Alien" Personnel in the Soviet State: The People's Commissariat of Agriculture under Proletarian Dictatorship, 1918-1929. Slavic Review, 56(1), 73–100.
• Lih, L. (1986). Bolshevik Razverstka and War Communism. Slavic Review, 45(4), 673–688.^[g]
• ———. (1990). The Bolshevik Sowing Committees of 1920: Apotheosis of War Communism?. The Carl Beck Papers in Russian and East European Studies.
• Miller, B. R. (2013). Rural unrest during the first Russian Revolution: Kursk Province, 1905-1906. Budapest: Central European University Press.^[202]
• Pallot, J. (1999). Land Reform in Russia, 1906-1917: Peasant Responses to Stolypin's Project of Rural Transformation. New York: Oxford University Press.^[203][204]
• Radkey, O. H. (1958). The Agrarian Foes of Bolshevism: Promise and Default of the Russian Socialist Revolutionaries February to October 1917. New York: Columbia University Press.^[205]
• Raleigh, D. (1986). Revolution on the Volga. 1917 in Saratov. Ithaca: NCROL.^[206][207]
• Retish, A. B. (2011). Russia's Peasants in Revolution and Civil War: Citizenship, Identity, and the Creation of the Soviet State, 1914-1922. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.^{[208][209][210][211][212]}
• Seregny, S. J. (1989). Russian Teachers and Peasant Revolution: The Politics of Education in 1905. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.^{[213][214][215]}
• Seregny, S. (2000). Zemstvos, Peasants, and Citizenship: The Russian Adult Education Movement and World War I. Slavic Review, 59(2), 290–315.
• Shanin, T. (1972). The Awkward Class: Political Sociology of Peasantry in a Developing Society: Russia 1910-1925. Oxford: Clarendon Press.^[216][217]

• Ball, A. M. (1996). And Now My Soul Is Hardened: Abandoned Children in Soviet Russia, 1918–1930. Berkeley: University of California Press.
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• Wandycz, P. S. (1965). Secret Soviet–Polish Peace Talks in 1919. Slavic Review, 24(3), 425–449.
• Neiberg, M. S. & Jordan, D. (2012). The Eastern Front 1914–1920: From Tannenberg to the Russo–Polish War. London: Amber Books.
• Wandycz, P. S. (1965). Secret Soviet–Polish Peace Talks in 1919. Slavic Review, 24(3), 425–449.
• Wandycz, P. S. (1969). Soviet–Polish Relations, 1917–1921. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
• Wandycz, P. S. (2017). France and the Polish–Soviet War, 1919–1920. The Polish Review, 62(3), 3–15.
• Zamoyski, A. (2008). Warsaw 1920: Lenin's Failed Conquest of Europe. New York: HarperPress.

• Becker, Seymour. (2004). Russia's Protectorates in Central Asia: Bukhara and Khiva, 1865–1924. London: Routledge.
• Bennigsen, A. (1983). Muslim Guerilla warfare in the Caucasus (1918–1928). Central Asian Survey, 2(1), 45–56.
• Brower, D. (2012). Turkestan and the Fate of the Russian Empire. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis.
• Broxup, M. (1983) The Basmachi. Central Asian Survey, 2(1), 57–81.
• Carrere d'Encausse, Helene. (1988). Islam and the Russian Empire: Reform and Revolution in Central Asia. Berkeley: University of California Press.
• Chaqueri, C. (1983). The Baku Congress. Central Asian Survey, 2(2), 89–107.^[v]
• ———. (1995). The Soviet Socialist Republic of Iran, 1920–1921: Birth of the Trauma. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
• Keller, S. (2020). Russia and Central Asia: Coexistence, Conquest, Convergence. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.^[389]
• Khalid, A. (1996). Tashkent 1917: Muslim Politics in Revolutionary Turkestan. Slavic Review, 55(2), 270–296.
• ———. (2000). The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform: Jadidism in Central Asia. New York: Oxford University Press.^{[w][390][391][392][393]}
• ———. (2001). Nationalizing the Revolution in Central Asia: The Transformation of Jadidism, 1917–1920. In Suny, R. G. and Martin, T. (Eds.). A State of Nations: Empire and Nation-Making in the Age of Lenin and Stalin. (145–164). New York: Oxford University Press.^[w]
• ———. (2006). Between Empire and Revolution: New Work on Soviet Central Asia. Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History, 7(4), 865–884.
• ———. (2015). Making Uzbekistan: Nation, Empire, and Revolution in the Early USSR. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.^[394][395]
• ———. (2021). Central Asia: A New History from the Imperial Conquests to the Present. Princeton: Princeton University Press.^[224]
• Lageard, H. A. (1987). The Revolt of the Basmachi According to Red Army Journals (1920–1922). Central Asian Survey, 6(3), 1–35.
• Marwat, F. R. K. (1985). The Basmachi Movement in Soviet Central Asia: A Study in Political Development. Peshawar: Emjay Books International.
• Massell, G. J. (1974). The Surrogate Proletariat: Moslem Women and Revolutionary Strategies in Soviet Central Asia, 1919–1929. Princeton: Princeton University Press.^{[230][396][397]}
• Olcott, M. (1981). The Basmachi or Freemen's Revolt in Turkestan 1918–24. Soviet Studies, 33(3), 352–369.
• Park, A. G. (1957). Bolshevism in Turkestan 1917–1927. New York: Columbia University Press.^[398]
• Sabol, Steven. (1995). The Creation of Soviet Central Asia: The 1924 National Delimitation. Central Asian Survey, 14(2), 225–241.
• Sareen, T. R. (1989). British Iintervention in Central Asia and Trans-Caucasia. New Delhi: Anmol Publications.
• Share, M. (2010). The Russian Civil War in Chinese Turkestan, 1918–1921. Europe–Asia Studies, 62(3), 389–420.
• Sokol, E. D. (1954/2016). The Revolt of 1916 in Russian Central Asia. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
• Sonyel, S. R. (1990). Enver Pasha and the Basmaji Movement in Central Asia. Middle Eastern Studies, 26(1), 52–64.^[x]
• Vaidyanath, R. (1967). The Formation of the Soviet Central Asian Republics: A Study in Soviet Nationalities Policy, 1917–1936. New Delhi: People's Publishing House.
• White, S. (1984). Soviet Russia and the Asian Revolution, 1917–1924. Review of International Studies, 10(3), 219–232.

• Baron, N. (2007). The King of Karelia: Col P.J. Woods and the British Intervention in North Russia 1918–1919. London: Francis Boutle Publishers.^[399][400]
• Brinkley, G. A. (1966). The Volunteer Army and Allied Intervention in South Russia, 1917–1921. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.^[401][402]
• Bradley, J. (1968). Allied Intervention in Russia. New York: Basic Books.^[403][404]
• Brook-Shepherd, G. (1999). Iron Maze: The Western Secret Services and the Bolsheviks. London: Picador.
• Carley, M. J. (1976). The Politics of Anti-Bolshevism: The French Government and the Russo-Polish War, December 1919 to May 1920. The Historical Journal, 19(1), 163–189.
• ———. (1976). The Origins of the French Intervention in the Russian Civil War, January–May 1918: A Reappraisal. The Journal of Modern History, 48(3), 413–439.
• ———. (1980). Anti-Bolshevism in French Foreign Policy: The Crisis in Poland in 1920. The International History Review, 2(3), 410–431.
• ———. (1983). Revolution and Intervention: The French Government and the Russian Civil War, 1917–1919. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.^[405][406]
• Debo, R. (1986). The Manuilskii Mission: An Early Soviet Effort to Negotiate with France, August 1918–April 1919. The International History Review, 8(2), 214–235.
• Dobson, C., & Miller, J. (1986). The Day We Almost Bombed Moscow: The Allied War in Russia 1918–1920. London: Hodder and Stoughton.^[407]
• Dunscomb, P. E. (2012). Japan's Siberian Intervention, 1918–1922: 'A Great Disobedience Against the People'. Lanham: Lexington Books.^[408][409]
• Isitt, B. (2011). From Victoria to Vladivostok: Canada's Siberian Expedition, 1917–19. Vancouver, BC: UBC Press.^[410]
• Kennan, G. F. (1961). Russia and the West Under Lenin and Stalin. Boston: Little Brown and Company.^[411]
• Kenez, P. (1971, 1977). Civil War in South Russia (2 vols.). Berkeley: University of California Press.^[412]
• Kettle, M. (1979/1988/1992). Russia and the Allies, 1917–1920. (3 vols.). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.^{[413][414][415][416]}
• Kinvig, C. (2006). Churchill's Crusade: The British Invasion of Russia, 1918–1920. London: Hambledon Continuum.^[417]
• Kirby, D. (1976). The Finnish Social Democratic Party and the Bolsheviks. Journal of Contemporary History, 11(2/3), 99–113.
• Saunders, D. (1988). Britain and the Ukrainian Question (1912–1920). The English Historical Review, 103(406), 40–68.
• Senn, A. E. (1971). The Russian Revolution in Switzerland, 19l4–19l7. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.^[418][419]
• Service, R. W. (2011). Spies and Commissars: Bolshevik Russia and the West. New York: Macmillan.
• Ullman, R. H. (1961/1968/1972). Anglo-Soviet Relations, 1917–1921, (3 vols.). Princeton: Princeton University Press.^[420]
• Wheeler-Bennett, J. D. (1934/2015). Brest-Litovsk: The Forgotten Peace, March 1918. New York: St. Martin's Press.^[421]
• White, S. (1979). Britain and the Bolshevik Revolution. London: Macmillan.^[422][423]

• Bacino, L. J. (1999). Reconstructing Russia: U.S. Policy in Revolutionary Russia, 1917–1922 Kent, OH: Kent State University Press.^[424][425]
• Dukes, P. (2012). The USA in the Making of the USSR: The Washington Conference, 1921–1922, and 'uninvited Russia'. London: Routledge.^[426]
• Fisher, H. H. (1927). The Famine in Soviet Russia, 1919–1923: The Operations of the American Relief Administration. New York: Macmillan.
• Foglesong, D. S. (1995). America's Secret War against Bolshevism: U.S. Intervention in the Russian Civil War, 1917–1920. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press.^[427][428]
• ———. (1995). The United States, Self-determination and the Struggle Against Bolshevism in the Eastern Baltic Region, 1918–1920. Journal of Baltic Studies, 26(2), 107–144.
• Herman, A. L. (2017). 1917: Lenin, Wilson, and the Birth of the New World Disorder. New York: HarperCollins.
• House, J. M. (2016). Wolfhounds and Polar Bears: The American Expeditionary Force in Siberia, 1918–1920. Tuscaloosa": University of Alabama Press.^[429]
• Karolevitz, R. F. & Fenn, R. S. (1974). Flight of Eagles: The Story of the American Kościuszko Squadron in the Polish–Russian War 1919–1920. Sioux Falls, SD: Brevet Press.^[430]
• Kennan, G. F. (1956). Soviet–American Relations, 1917–1920 (2 Vols. Vol. 1:Russia Leaves the War Vol. 2: The Decision to Intervene). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
• Moore, J. R., Meade, Harry H., & Jahns, Lewis E. (2008). History of the American Expedition Fighting the Bolsheviks: Us Military Intervention in Soviet Russia 1918–1919. St Petersburg, FL: Red and Black Publishers.
• Nelson, J. C. (2019). The Polar Bear Expedition: The Heroes of America's Forgotten Invasion of Russia, 1918–1919. New York: William Morrow.
• Patenaude, B. M. (2002). The Big Show in Bololand: The American Relief Expedition to Soviet Russia in the Famine of 1921. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.^[431][432]
• Richard, C. (1986). "The Shadow of a Plan": The Rationale Behind Wilson's 1918 Siberian Intervention. The Historian, 49(1), 64–84.
• Richard, C. J. (2012). When the United States Invaded Russia: Woodrow Wilson's Siberian Disaster. Landham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.^[433]
• Saul, N. E. (2001). War and Revolution: The United States and Russia, 1914–1921. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas.^[434]
• ———. (2006). Friends or Foes?: The United States and Soviet Russia, 1921–1941. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas.^[435][436]
• Shimkin, Michael. & Shimkin, Mary. (1985). From Golden Horn to Golden Gate: The Flight of the Siberian Russian Flotilla. Californian History, 64(4), 290–294.
• Smith, D. (2019). The Russian Job: The Forgotten Story of How America Saved the Soviet Union from Ruin. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
• Untergerger, B. (1987). Woodrow Wilson and the Bolsheviks: The "Acid Test" of Soviet–American Relations. Diplomatic History, 11(2), 71–90.
• Weissman, B. (1970). The Aftereffects of the American Relief Mission to Soviet Russia. The Russian Review, 29(4), 411–421.

• Frankland, N. (1961). Imperial Tragedy: Nicholas II, Last of the Tsars. New York: Coward-McCann.^[437]
• Ferro, M. (1995). Nicholas II: Last of the Tsars. New York: Oxford University Press.^[438]
• Lieven, D. (1993). Nicholas II: Emperor of all the Russias. London: John Murray Publishing.^[439][440]
• Massie, R. K. (2012). Nicholas and Alexandra: The Classic Account of the Fall of the Romanov Dynasty. New York: Modern Library.
• Maylunas, A., & Mironenko, S. (2000). Lifelong Passion: Nicholas and Alexandra: Their Own Story. New York: Doubleday.
• Montefiore, S. (2016). The Romanovs: 1613–1918. New York: Knopf.^[441]
• Perry, J. C. & Pleshakov, C. V. (1999). The Flight Of The Romanovs: A Family Saga. New York: Basic Books.^[442]
• Radzinsky, E. (1992). The Last Tsar: The Life And Death Of Nicholas II. New York: Doubleday.^[443]
• Rappaport, H. (2009). The Last Days of the Romanovs: Tragedy at Ekaterinburg. New York: St. Martin's Press.
• Service, R. W. (2017). The Last of the Tsars: Nicholas II and the Russian Revolution. New York: Pegasus Books.

This is a list of works about Vladimir Lenin. For a bibliography of works by Lenin, see Vladimir Lenin bibliography.

• Merridale, C. (2017). Lenin on the Train. New York: Penguin Books.
• Payne, R. (1964). The Life and Death of Lenin. New York: Simon and Schuster.
• Pipes, R. (1996). The Unknown Lenin: From the Secret Archive. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
• Rappaport, H. (2010). Conspirator: Lenin in Exile. New York: Basic Books.
• Read, C. (2005). Lenin: A Revolutionary Life. London: Routledge.
• Sebestyen, V. (2017). Lenin: The Man, the Dictator, and the Master of Terror. New York: Pantheon Books.
• Service, R. W. (2000). Lenin: A Biography. Cambridge: Belknap Press.
• Shukman, H. (1966). Lenin and the Russian Revolution. London: B.T. Batsford.
• Theen, R. (2004). Lenin: Genesis and Development of a Revolutionary. Princeton: Princeton University Press.^[351]
• Volkogonov, D. (1994). Lenin: Life and Legacy. London: HarperCollins.

This is a list of works about Leon Trotsky. For a bibliography of works by Trotsky, see Leon Trotsky bibliography.

• Beilharz, P. (1985). Trotsky as Historian. History Workshop, (20), 36–55.
• Cox, M. (1992). Trotsky and His Interpreters; or, Will the Real Leon Trotsky Please Stand up?. The Russian Review. 51(1), 84–102.
• Day, R. (2009). Leon Trotsky and the Politics of Economic Isolation (Cambridge Russian, Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.^[444][445]
• Deutscher, I. (2015). The Prophet: The Life of Leon Trotsky. New York: Verso.^[y]
• Heyman, N. (1976). Leon Trotsky's Military Education: From the Russo-Japanese War to 1917. The Journal of Modern History, 48(2), 71–98.
• Hoidal, O. (2013). Trotsky in Norway: Exile, 1935–1937 (NIU Series in Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies). DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press.^[446]
• Rubenstein, J. (2011). Leon Trotsky: A Revolutionary's Life. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
• Service, R. W. (2009). Trotsky: A Biography. Cambridge: Belknap Press.
• Swain, G. (2014). Trotsky and the Russian Revolution. New York: Routledge.
• ———. (2016). Trotsky. New York: Routledge.
• Thatcher, I. D. (2003). Trotsky. New York: Routledge.
• Volkogonov, D. (1996). Trotsky, the Eternal Revolutionary. New York: Free Press.

Works included here have a focus or significant material on Stalin during the revolutionary period. See main article for more works.

• Kotkin, S. (2014). Stalin: Volume I: Paradoxes of Power, 1878–1928. New York: Penguin Press.^{[447][448][449][450]}
• Montefiore, S. (2007). Young Stalin. New York: Knopf.^[451]
• Service, R. W. (2005). Stalin: A Biography. Cambridge: Belknap Press.^[452]
• Suny, R. G. (2020). Stalin: Passage to Revolution. Princeton: Princeton University Press.^[453]

• Abraham, R. (1987). Alexander Kerensky: The First Love of the Revolution. New York: Columbia University Press.
• Cohen, S. F. (1980). Bukharin and the Bolshevik Revolution: A Political Biography, 1888–1938. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Fuhrmann, J. T. (2012). Rasputin: The Untold Story. Hoboken: Wiley Press.
• Haupt G. & Marie, J. (1974). Makers of the Russian Revolution. Biographies of Bolshevik Leaders. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
• Getzler, I. (1967). Martov: Political Biography: A Political Biography of a Russian Social Democrat. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Kröner, A. W. (2010). The White Knight of the Black Sea: The Life of General Peter Wrangel. The Hague: Leuxenhoff.^[z]
• McNeal, R. H. (1972). Bride of the Revolution: Krupskaya and Lenin. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
• Smith, D. (2016). Rasputin: Faith, Power, and the Twilight of the Romanovs. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

• Abramson, Henry. (1990). Historiography on the Jews and the Ukrainian Revolution. Journal of Ukrainian Studies, 15(2), 33–46.
• Azovtsev, N. N. and Naumov, V. P. (1972/2014). Study of the History of the Military Intervention and Civil War in the USSR. Soviet Studies in History, 10(4), 327–360.
• Acton, E., Cherniaev, V., & Rosenberg, W. (Eds.). (1997). Critical Companion to the Russian Revolution 1914–1921. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
• Bachman, J. (1970). Recent Soviet Historiography of Russian Revolutionary Populism. Slavic Review, 29(4), 599–612.
• Beilharz, P. (1985). Trotsky as Historian. History Workshop, (20), 36–55.
• Bradley, J. (2017) The February Revolution. Russian Studies in History, 56(1), 1–5.
• Budnitskii, O. (2001). Jews, Pogroms, and the White Movement: A Historiographical Critique. Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History, 2(4), 1–23.
• Confino, M. (2009). The New Russian Historiography, and the Old—Some Considerations. History and Memory, 21(2), 7–33.
• Frankel, E. R., Frankel, J., & Knei-Paz, B. (Eds.). (1992). Revolution in Russia: Reassessments of 1917. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Gilbert, G. (2020). "New" Histories of the Russian Revolution?. Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History. 21(1), 159–172.
• Graziosi, A. (2019). A Century of 1917s: Ideas, Representations, and Interpretations of the October Revolution, 1917–2017. Harvard Ukrainian Studies, 36(1/2), 9–44.
• Holmes, L. E. (2021). Revising the Revolution: The Unmaking of Russia's Official History of 1917'. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.^[224]
• Kolonitskii, B., & Cohen, Y. (2009). Russian Historiography of the 1917 Revolution: New Challenges to Old Paradigms?. History and Memory, 21(2), 34–59.
• Kolonitsky, B. (2019). Historians and the Centennial of the Russian Revolution In Russian Studies in History, 58(1), 44–53.
• McCann, J. M. (1984). Beyond the Bug: Soviet Historiography of the Soviet-Polish War of 1920. Soviet Studies, 36(4), 475–493.
• Meyer, A. (1986). Coming to Terms with the Past... and with One's Older Colleagues. The Russian Review, 45(4), 401–408.
• Pethybridge, R. (1970). The 1917 Petrograd Soviet and the Centralist Issue. Government and Opposition 5(3), 327–344.
• Petrov, Y. (2019). Russia on the Eve of the Great Revolution of 1917: Recent Trends in Historiography. Russian Studies in History, 58(1), 10–28.
• Read, C. (2002). In Search of Liberal Tsarism: The Historiography of Autocratic Decline. The Historical Journal, 45(1), 195–210.
• Service, R. W. (2009). The Russian Revolution, 1900-1927. London: Palgrave.
• Shelokhaev, V. & Solovyov, K. (2019). February in the Shadow of October: Historiography and Tasks Awaiting Further Research. Russian Studies in History, 58(1), 29–43.
• Smith, S. A. (1994). The Historiography of the Russian Revolution 100 Years On. Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History, 16(4), 733–749.
• Smith, Steve. (1994). Writing the History of the Russian Revolution after the Fall of Communism. Europe-Asia Studies, 46(4), 563–578.
• Suny, R. G. (1983). Toward a Social History of the October Revolution. The American Historical Review, 88(1), 31–52.
• ———. (1994). Revision and Retreat in the Historiography of 1917: Social History and Its Critics. The Russian Review, 53(2), 165–182.
• ———. (2017). Red Flag Unfurled: History, Historians, and the Russian Revolution. New York: Verso.
• Uldricks, T. (1975). Petrograd Revisited: New Views of the Russian Revolution. The History Teacher, 8(4), 611–623.
• Wade, R. A. (2004). Revolutionary Russia: New Approaches to the Russian Revolution of 1917. New York: Routledge.
• ———. (2008). The Revolution at Ninety-One: Anglo-American Historiography of the Russian Revolution of 1917. Journal of Modern Russian History and Historiography, 1(1), 1–42.
• Warth, R. (1967). On the Historiography of the Russian Revolution. Slavic Review, 26(2), 247–264.
• White, J. D., & Thatcher, I. D. (Eds.). (2006). Reinterpreting Revolutionary Russia: Essays in Honour of James D. White. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

• Corney, F.C. (2020). Revolution and Memory. In A Companion to the Russian Revolution, D. Orlovsky (Ed.). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
• Laruelle, M., & Karnysheva, M. (2020). Memory Politics and the Russian Civil War: Reds versus Whites. London: Bloomsbury.^[389]

• The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Russia and the former Soviet Union. (1994). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Jackson, G. D., & Devlin, R. J. (1989). Dictionary of the Russian Revolution. New York: Greenwood.
• Kasack, W. & Atack, R. (1988). Dictionary of Russian literature since 1917. New York: Columbia University Press.
• Minahan, J. (2012). The Former Soviet Union's Diverse Peoples: A Reference Sourcebook. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO.
• Orlovsky, D. (2020). A Companion to the Russian Revolution. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
• Pushkarev, S. G., Fisher, R. T., & Vernadsky, G. (1970). Dictionary of Russian Historical Terms from the Eleventh Century to 1917. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
• Shukman, H. (1988). The Blackwell Encyclopedia of the Russian Revolution. Cambridge: Blackwell Publishers.
• Smele, J. D. (2015). Historical Dictionary of the Russian Civil Wars, 1916–1926 (2 vols.). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
• Smith, S. A. (2014). The Oxford Handbook of the History of Communism. New York: Oxford University Press.^[454][455]
• Vronskaya, J. & Čuguev, V. (1992). The Biographical Dictionary of the Former Soviet Union: Prominent people in all fields from 1917 to the present. London: Bowker-Saur.
• Nathan Smith (April 1, 1985). "Political Freemasonry in Russia, 1906–1918: A Discussion of the Sources". The Russian Review. 44 (2): 157–173. doi:10.2307/129171. JSTOR 129171.

• Aronova, E. (2021). Scientific History: Experiments in History and Politics from the Bolshevik Revolution to the End of the Cold War'. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.^[224]
• Ascher, A.. (2001). P. A. Stolypin: The Search for Stability in Late Imperial Russia. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.^[456][457]
• Avrich, P. (1967). Russian Anarchists. Princeton: Princeton University Press.^[458]
• Baron, N. & Gatrell, P. (2004). Homelands: War, Population and Statehood in Eastern Europe and Russia, 1918–1924. London: Anthem Press.^[459][460]
• Biggart, J. (1972). Kirov before the Revolution. Soviet Studies, 23(3), 345–372.
• Chamberlain, L. (2007). The Philosophy Steamer: Lenin and the Exile of the Intelligentsia. London: Atlantic.
• David-Fox, M., Holquist, P., & Martin, A. M. (2012). Fascination and Enmity: Russia and Germany as entangled histories, 1914–1945. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.^{[461][462][463]}
• Edmondson, C. (1981). An Inquiry into the Termination of Soviet Famine Relief Programmes and the Renewal of Grain Export, 1922–23. Soviet Studies, 33(3), 370–385.
• Figes, O. & Kolonitskii, B. (1999). Interpreting the Russian Revolution: The Language and Symbols of 1917. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.^[464][465]
• Finkel, S. (2007). On the Ideological Front: The Russian Intelligentsia and the Making of the Soviet Public Sphere. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.^[466][467]
• Frame, M. (2013). Crime, Society and 'Revolutionary Conscience' during the Russian Civil War: Evidence from the Militia Files. Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies. 17(1), 129–150.
• Getzler, I. (2014). Nikolai Sukhanov: Chronicler of the Russian Revolution. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.^[aa][468]
• Gleason, W. E. (1983). Alexander Guchkov and the End of the Russian Empire. Philadelphia, PA: American Philosophical Society.^[ab][469]
• Gregory, P. R. (2017). The Black Swan of the Russian Revolution. The Independent Review, 22(2), 167–171.
• Hartley, J. M. (2021). Chapter 13:The Volga in War, Revolution and Civil War. In The Volga: A History. New Haven: Yale University Press.
• Hasegawa, T. (2017). Crime and Punishment in the Russian Revolution: Mob Justice and Police in Petrograd. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
• Holquist, P. (2002). Making War, Forging Revolution: Russia's Continuum of Crisis, 1914–1921. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.^[470]
• Hosking, G. (1973). The Russian Constitutional Experiment: Government and Duma, 1907–1914. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.^[471]
• Ings, S. (2017). Stalin and the Scientists: A History of Triumph and Tragedy, 1905–1953. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press.
• Josephson, P. (1988). Science Policy in the Soviet Union, 1917–1927. Minerva, 26(3), 342–369.
• Linkhoeva, T. (2020). Revolution Goes East: Imperial Japan and Soviet Communism (Studies of the Weatherhead East Asian Institute). Ithaca: Cornell University Press.^[472]
• Lowe, K. (2014). Humanitarianism and National Sovereignty: Red Cross Intervention on behalf of Political Prisoners in Soviet Russia, 1921–3. Journal of Contemporary History, 49(4), 652–674.
• Lyandres, S. (1995). The Bolsheviks' "German Gold" Revisited: An inquiry into the 1917 accusations. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.^{[ac][473][474]}
• Main, S. (1995). The Creation and Development of the Library System in the Red Army during the Russian Civil War (1918–1920): A Historical Introduction. The Library Quarterly: Information, Community, Policy, 65(3), 319–332.
• McKean, R. B. (1998). Between the Revolutions: Russia 1905 to 1917. Shaftesbury, UK: Historical Association.
• McMeekin, S. (2009). History's Greatest Heist: The looting of Russia by the Bolsheviks. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
• McNeal, R. H. (1959). Lenin's Attack on Stalin: Review and Reappraisal. American Slavic and East European Review, 18(3), 295–314.
• Middleton, J. (1962). "Bolshevism in Art": Dada and Politics. Texas Studies in Literature and Language, 4(3), 408–430.
• Mosse, W. E. (1965). Stolypin's Villages. The Slavonic and East European Review, 43(101), 257–274.
• Nation, R. C. (2009). War on War: Lenin, the Zimmerwald Left, and the Origins of Communist Internationalism. Chicago: Haymarket Books.^[475][476]
• Nicolaevsky, B. I., Rabinowich, A., Rabinowitch, J., & Kristof, L. K. D. (1973). Revolution and Politics in Russia: Essays in Memory of B.I. Nicolaevsky. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.^{[477][478][479]}
• Pearson, M. (1975). The Sealed Train. New York: Macmillan.
• Pethybridge, R. (1967). The Significance of Communications in 1917. Soviet Studies, 19(1), 109–114.
• Riha, T. (1967). 1917. A Year of Illusions. Soviet Studies, 19(1), 115–121.
• Raeff, R. (1990). Russia Abroad: A Cultural History of the Russian Emigration, 1919–1939. New York: Oxford University Press.^{[480][481][482]}
• Russell, R. (1990). The Arts and the Russian Civil War. Journal of European Studies, 20(3), 219–240.
• Scharlau, W. B. & Zeman, Z. A. B. (1900). The Merchant of Revolution; The Life of Alexander Israel Helphand (Parvus) 1867–1924. London: Oxford University Press.^{[483][484][485]}
• Service, R. W. (1977). The Bolshevik Party in Revolution, 1917–1923: A Study in Organizational Change, 1917–1923. New York: MacMillan.^[486]
• Slusser, R. (1987). Stalin in October. The Man Who Missed the Revolution. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.^[487][488]
• Strakhovsky, L. (1959). The Statesmanship of Peter Stolypin: A Reappraisal. The Slavonic and East European Review, 37(89), 348–370.
• Waldron, P. (1997). Between Two Revolutions: Stolypin and the Politics of Renewal in Russia. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press.^[489][490]
• Williams, R. C. (1986). The Other Bolsheviks: Lenin and His Critics, 1904–1914. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.^[491][492]

Collected Works

• Essential Works of Lenin. New York: Bantam Books. (1966).
• Collected Works (45 vols.). (1977). Moscow: Progress Publishers.

Major individual works related to the Revolution and Civil War

• What Is to Be Done?: Burning Questions of our Movement. (1902). Text
• The Right of Nations to Self-Determination. (1914). Text.
• Socialism and War: The Attitude of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party Towards the War. (1915). Text
• Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism. (1916). Text.
• The Tasks of the Proletariat in the Present Revolution (April Thesis). (1917). Text.
• The Seventh All-Russia Conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks). (1917). Text.^[ad]
• Lessons of the Revolution. (1917). Text.
• The Impending Catastrophe and How to Combat It. (1917). Text.
• The State and Revolution. (1917).^[493] Text.
• The Crisis Has Matured. (1917). Text.
• Second All Russia Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies. (1917). Text.^[ae]
• To the Citizens of Russia! (1917). Text. ^[af]
• Decree on Peace (1917). Text.^[494]
• Decree on Land (1917). Text.
• Seventh Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks). (1918). Text.^[ag]
• Fourth All-Russia Congress Of Soviets. (1918). Text.^[ah]
• The Immediate Tasks of the Soviet Government. (1918). Text.
• "Left-Wing" Childishness and the Petty-Bourgeois Mentality. (1918). Text.
• Theses On The Present Political Situation. (1918). Text.
• The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky.^[m] (1918). Text.
• Eighth Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) (1919). Text.^[ai]
• Left-Wing" Communism: An Infantile Disorder. (1920). Text.
• On The Kronstadt Revolt. (1921). Text
• Tenth Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) (1921). Text.^[aj]
• Eleventh Congress Of The Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) (1922). Text.^[ak]
• Lenin's Testament. (1923). Text.

Archives

• The Collected Works of Vladimir Lenin.

Collected works

• Official Government Documents from the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs. (1918). Text
• Trotsky's Military Writings. (1918–1923). Vol. 1 Text (1918), Vol. 2 Text (1919), Vol. 3 Text (1920), Vol. 4 Text (1921–1923).
• Howe, Irving (editor). The Basic Writings of Trotsky. New York: Schocken Books. (1976).

Major Individual Works related to the Revolution and Civil War

• Results and Prospects. (1906), Text
• The Year 1905. (1907). Text
• The War and the International (The Bolsheviks and World Peace). (1914). Text
• Terrorism and Communism: An Answer to Karl Kautsky.^[m] (1920). Text
• Between Red and White. A Study of Some Fundamental Questions of Revolution, With Particular Reference to Georgia. (1922). Text
• The New Course. (1923). Text
• Lessons of October (1924). Text
• History of the Russian Revolution. (1930). Text^[al]

Archives

• Works by Leon Trotsky at Project Gutenberg
• Trotsky Internet Archive.

Collected works

• Akhapkin, Y. (Ed.). (1970). First Decrees of Soviet Power. London: Lawrence and Wishart.
• Brovkin, V. N. (Ed.). (1991). Dear Comrades: Menshevik Reports on the Bolshevik Revolution and the Civil War. Palo Alto: Hoover Institution Press.
• Browder, R. P. & Kerensky, A. F. (Eds.). (1961). The Russian Provisional Government 1917: Documents. (3 vols.). Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.
• Bunyan, J. & Fisher, H. H. (Eds.). (1934) Bolshevik Revolution 1917–1918 – Documents and Materials. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.
• ———. (1976). Intervention, Civil War, and Communism in Russia, April–December, 1918: Documents and Materials. New York: Octagon Books.
• ———. (2019). Origin of Forced Labor in the Soviet State, 1917–1921: Documents and Materials. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
• Butt, V. P., Swain, G., Murphy, A. B., & Myshov, N. A. (Eds.). (1996). The Russian Civil War: Documents from the Soviet Archives. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
• Daly, J. W., Trofimov, L. (2009). Russia in War and Revolution, 1914–1922: A Documentary History. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company.
• Daniels, R. V. (Ed.). (2001). A Documentary History of Communism in Russia: From Lenin to Gorbachev (3rd Edition). Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
• Degras, J. (1978). Soviet Documents on Foreign Policy: 1933–1941. (3 vols.). New York: Octagon Books.
• Elwood, R. C., Gregor, R., Hodnett, G., Schwartz, D. V., & McNeal, R. H. (1974). Resolutions and Decisions of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union: The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party: 1898–October 1917. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
• Gregor, R. (1974). Resolutions and Decisions of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union: Vol. 2, The Early Soviet Period, 1917–1929. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
• McCauley, M. (1996). The Russian revolution and the Soviet state 1917–1921: Documents. New York: Macmillan.
• Storella, C. J., Sokolov, A. K. (2013). The Voice of the People: Letters from the Soviet Village, 1918–1932. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
• Szczesniak, B. (1959). The Russian Revolution and Religion: A Collection of Documents Concerning the Suppression of Religion by the Communists, 1917–1925. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.
• Varneck, E. & Fisher, H. H. (1935). The Testimony of Kolchak and Other Siberian Materials. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.

Individual works related to the Revolution and Civil War

• The Manifesto on the Improvement of the State Order (October Manifesto) (1905). Text
• The Russian Constitution of 1906. (1906). Text
• Anderson, G. J. (2010). A Michigan Polar Bear Confronts the Bolsheviks: A War Memoir. (G. Olsen, Ed.). Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
• Babel, I. (1995). 1920 Diary. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
• Gapon, G. (1906). The Story of My Life. Text
• Gilliard, P. (1921). 'Thirteen Years at the Russian Court: A Personal Record of the Last Years and Death of the Tsar Nicholas II, and His Family.' Text
• Gorky, M. (1918). Untimely Thoughts: Essays on Revolution, Culture, and the Bolsheviks. Text
• Heifetz, E. (1921). The Slaughter of the Jews in the Ukraine in 1919. Text
• Kerensky, A. F. (1927). The Catastrophe. Text
• Kautsky, K. (1919). The Dictatorship of the Proletariat. Text.
• ———. (1920). Terrorism and Communism: A Contribution to the Natural History of Revolution. Text.
• Krupskaya, Nadezhda. (1930). The October Days. Reminiscences of Lenin. Text.
• Luxemburg, R. (1906). The Mass Strike, the Political Party and the Trade Unions. Text^[am]
• Mstislavskiĭ, S. D. (1989). Five days which transformed Russia. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
• Radek, K. (1922). The Paths of the Russian Revolution. Text.
• Reed, J. (1919). Ten Days That Shook the World. Text.^[an]
• de Robien, Louis (1969). The Diary of a Diplomat in Russia, 1917-1918; translated from the French. London: Michael Joseph.
• Romanov, N. (1966). Diary of Nicholas II, 1917–1918, an annotated translation. (Translation by K. de Price). The University of Montana
• ———. (1917). The Letter of Abdication of Nicholas II. Text. Brigham Young University.
• Sukhanovthe, N. N. (1921). The Memoirs of N. N. Sukhanov, The Russian Revolution 1917, (7 vols).^[ao][ap]
• Tseretelli, I. (1955–56). Reminiscences of the February Revolution: The April Crisis.^[aq] The Russian Review,

Part 1: 14(2), 93–108.

Part 2: 14(3), 184–200.

Part 3: 14(4), 301–321.

Part 4: 15(1), 37–48.

• Wrangel, P. N. (1957). Always With Honour: Memoirs of General Wrangel. New York: Robert Speller & Sons. Text.^[ar]

Archives

• Archives of the Soviet Communist Party and Soviet State. Hoover Institution, Stanford University.
• Karl Kautsky Archive.^[m]
• Julius Martov Archive
• Georgi Plekhanov Archive.^[o]
• Grigory Zinoviev Archive.^[as]
• The October Revolution Archive

• Bibliography of Russian history
• Bibliography of Stalinism and the Soviet Union
• Bibliography of the Post Stalinist Soviet Union
• Bibliography of Ukrainian history
• Bibliography of the history of Belarus and Byelorussia
• Bibliography of the history of Poland
• Index of articles related to the Russian Revolution and Civil War

Bibliographies contain English and non-English language entries unless noted otherwise. This bibliography does not include bibliographies which do not contain English language entries.

Bibliographies of the Revolution and Civil War

• Engelstein, L. (2017). Bibliographic Essay In Russia in Flames: War, Revolution, Civil War, 1914–1921. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Figes, O. (2014). A Short Guide To Further Reading In Revolutionary Russia, 1891–1991: A History. New York: Metropolitan Books.
• Frame, M. (1995). The Russian Revolution, 1905–1921: A Bibliographic Guide to Works in English. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
• Grierson, P. (1969). Grierson, Philip. Books on Soviet Russia, 1917–1942: a bibliography and a guide to reading. Twickenham, UK: Anthony C. Hall.
• Fitzpatrick, S. (2017). Selected Bibliography in The Russian Revolution. (4th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
• Greenbaum, A. (2007). Bibliographic Essay In Klier, J. & Lambroza, S., Pogroms: Anti-Jewish Violence in Modern Russian History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• McMeekin, S. (2017). Published and Online Works Cited or Profitably Consulted, Including Memoirs In The Russian Revolution: A New History. New York: Basic Books.
• Miéville, C. (2017). Further Reading In October: The Story of the Russian Revolution. New York: Verso.
• Pearson, R. (1989). Russia and Eastern Europe. 1789–1985. A Bibliographic Guide. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.
• Pipes, R. (1990). One Hundred Works On The Russian Revolution In The Russian Revolution. New York: Knopf.
• ———. (2011). Select Bibliography In Russia Under the Bolshevik Regime: 1919–1924. New York: Knopf.
• Sebestyen, V. (2017). Select Bibliography In Lenin: The Man, the Dictator, and the Master of Terror. New York: Pantheon Books.
• Smele, J. (2003). The Russian Revolution and Civil War: 1917–1921: An Annotated Bibliography. London: Bloomsbury Continuum.
• ———. (2016). Bibliography In The "Russian" Civil Wars, 1916–1926: Ten Years That Shook the World. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Smith, S. A. (2017). Notes In Russia in Revolution: An Empire in Crisis, 1890 to 1928. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Zygar, M. (2017). References In The Empire Must Die: Russia's Revolutionary Collapse, 1900–1917. New York: PublicAffairs.

Bibliographies of Russian history including significant material on the Revolution and Civil War

• Edelheit, A. J., & Edelheit, H. (1992). The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Union: A selected bibliography of sources in English. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing.
• Grierson, P. (1969). Books on Soviet Russia: 1917–1942; a bibliography and a guide to reading. Twickenham, UK: Anthony C. Hall.
• Horecky, P. L. (1971). Russia and the Soviet Union: A Bibliographic Guide to Western-language Publications. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
• Kenez, P. (2016). Soviet History: A Bibliography. In A History of the Soviet Union from the Beginning to its Legacy (3rd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Schaffner, B. L. (1995). Bibliography of the Soviet Union, its predecessors and successors. Metuchen: Scarecrow Press.
• Spapiro, D. (1962). A select bibliography of works in English on Russian history, 1801–1917. Oxford: Blackwell.
• Simmons, E. J. (1962). Russia: Selective and Annotated Bibliography. The Slavic and East European Journal, 6(2), 148–158.

Bibliographies of the Soviet-Polish War

• Drobnicki, J. A. (1997). The Russo-Polish War, 1919–1920: A Bibliography of Materials in English. The Polish Review, 42(1), 95–104.

Bibliographies of primary source documents

• Arans, D. (1988). How We Lost the Civil War: Bibliography of Russian emigre memoirs on the Russian Revolution, 1917–1921. Newtonville: Oriental Research Partners.

The list below contains journals frequently referenced in this bibliography.

This section is for links to Bibliographies about the Russian Revolution and Civil War and Russian History from English language universities.

Bibliography of the Russian Revolution and Civil War

• Bibliography of the Russian Revolution from Fordham University
• Bibliography for The Russian Revolutions of 1917 from University of Glasgow.
• Bibliography of the Russian Revolution from the Hoover Institution, Stanford University.
• Select Bibliography: The Russian Revolutions of 1917 from University of Kansas
• Russian Revolution Bibliography from University of Louisiana at Monroe.
• Kort, Michael. Russian Revolutions and Civil War, 1917–1921 from Oxford Bibliographies Online.
• Read, Christopher. The Russian Revolution 1914-1921 - Bibliography. Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, from the University of Warwick.

Bibliography of Russian history

• Selected Bibliography of English-language Print Resources for Russia - Yale University