Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

1848–49 United States House of Representatives elections

1848–49 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1846 & 1847 August 7, 1848 – November 6, 1849[a] 1850 & 1851 →

All 233[b] seats in the United States House of Representatives
117 seats needed for a majority
  First party Second party
 
Leader Howell Cobb Robert C. Winthrop
Party Democratic Whig
Leader's seat Georgia 6th Massachusetts 1st
Last election 110 seats 116 seats
Seats won 113[b] 106
Seat change Increase 3 Decrease 10
Popular vote 1,212,632 1,231,320
Percentage 44.16% 44.84%
Swing Decrease 4.27% Increase 0.32%

  Third party Fourth party
 
Party Free Soil Know Nothing
Last election New Party 1 seats
Seats won 9 1
Seat change Increase 9 Steady
Popular vote 237,714 10,539
Percentage 8.66% 0.38%
Swing Increase 5.57%[c] Decrease 0.83%

  Fifth party
 
Party Independent
Last election 3 seats[d]
Seats won 3[e]
Seat change Steady
Popular vote 48,223
Percentage 1.76%
Swing Decrease 0.98%

Speaker before election

Robert C. Winthrop
Whig

Elected Speaker

Howell Cobb
Democratic

The 1848–49 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between August 1848 and November 1849. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 31st United States Congress convened on December 3, 1849. The new state of Wisconsin elected its first representatives, and California also held its first congressional elections before officially achieving statehood in 1850, increasing the size of the House to 233 seats.

These elections spanned the 1848 United States presidential election and took place amid the U.S. victory over Mexico in the (1846–48) Mexican–American War. The Whigs lost their House majority as Democrats, whose support had driven the war, gained a House plurality. Among minor parties, the Free Soil Party won nine Northern seats, while the American or "Know Nothing" Party retained one.

Following the discovery of gold in January 1848, California boomed, creating immediate pressure for statehood. The Compromise of 1850, though largely crafted in the Senate, was also passed by the House, brokering its admission to the Union. Anticipating statehood, California elected two members at-large on November 13, 1849, to be seated September 11, 1850.

As neither major party held a majority when Congress convened on December 3, 1849 ⁠— the Democrats finished three seats short, while the Whigs had lost 12 seats and the majority ⁠— the election of a Speaker proved contentious.

The Whigs were sectionally split, with Northern Whigs nominating incumbent speaker Robert C. Winthrop of Massachusetts and Southern Whigs supporting Meredith P. Gentry of Tennessee. Democrats primarily supported Howell Cobb of Georgia; 13 other Democratic hopefuls also garnered support. The small Free Soil Party, opposing expansion of slavery into the Western territories, supported David Wilmot of Pennsylvania, author of the Wilmot Proviso, calling attention to slave power's hold over both major parties.

After nearly three weeks of heated debate, the House suspended its majority rule for the Speaker election: Cobb was elected on the 63rd ballot by plurality.[1]

Election summaries

Wisconsin was apportioned an additional seat in 1848,[2] and two more seats were added for the new state of California.[3]

113 11 108
Democratic [f] Whig
State Type Date Total
seats
Democratic Free Soil Whig Other
Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change
Arkansas At-large August 7, 1848 1 1 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Illinois District August 7, 1848 7 6 Steady 0 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Iowa District August 7, 1848 2 2 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Missouri District August 7, 1848 5 5 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Vermont District September 5, 1848 4 1 Steady 0 Steady 3 Steady 0 Steady
Maine District September 11, 1848 7 5 Decrease1 0 Steady 2 Increase1 0 Steady
Florida At-large October 2, 1848 1 0 Steady 0 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Georgia District October 2, 1848 8 4 Steady 0 Steady 4 Steady 0 Steady
South Carolina District October 9–10, 1848 7 7 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Ohio District October 10, 1848 21 11 Increase1 2 Increase2 8 Decrease3 0 Steady
Pennsylvania District October 10, 1848 24 9 Increase2 1 Increase1 13 Decrease3 1[g] Steady
Delaware At-large November 6, 1848 1 0 Steady 0 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Michigan District November 7, 1848
(Election Day)[h]
3 2 Decrease1 0 Steady 1 Increase1 0 Steady
New Jersey District 5 1 Steady 0 Steady 4 Steady 0 Steady
New York District 34 1 Decrease10 1 Increase1 32 Increase9 0 Steady
Wisconsin District 3[i] 1 Decrease1 1 Increase1 1 Increase1 0 Steady
Massachusetts District November 13, 1848 10[j] 0 Steady 1 Increase1 8 Decrease2 0 Steady
Late elections, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term
New Hampshire District March 13, 1849 4 2 Steady 1 Increase1 1 Steady 0 Decrease1[k]
Connecticut District April 2, 1849 4 2 Increase2 1 Increase1 1 Decrease3 0 Steady
Rhode Island District April 4, 1849 2 0 Decrease1 0 Steady 2 Increase1 0 Steady
Virginia District April 26, 1849 15 13 Increase4 0 Steady 2 Decrease4 0 Steady
Tennessee District August 2, 1849 11 7 Increase1 0 Steady 4 Decrease1 0 Steady
Alabama District August 6, 1849 7 5 Steady 0 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady
Indiana District August 6, 1849 10 8 Increase2 1 Increase1 1 Decrease3 0 Steady
Kentucky District August 6, 1849 10 4 Steady 0 Steady 6 Steady 0 Steady
Texas District August 6, 1849 2 2 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
North Carolina District August 7, 1849 9 3 Steady 0 Steady 6 Steady 0 Steady
Maryland District October 3, 1849 6 3 Increase1 0 Steady 3 Decrease1 0 Steady
Louisiana District November 5, 1849 4 3 Steady 0 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Mississippi District November 5–6, 1849 4 4 Increase1 0 Steady 0 Decrease1 0 Steady
California At-large November 11, 1849[l] 2 1 Increase1 0 Steady 0 Steady 1[m] Increase1
Total[b] 233 113
48.7%
Increase1 9
3.9%
Increase9 108
46.6%
Decrease8 2
0.9%
Steady
Popular vote
Democratic
44.16%
Free Soil
8.66%
Independent
1.76%
Know Nothing
0.38%
Others
0.20%
Whig
44.84%
House seats
Democratic
49.78%
Free Soil
3.46%
Independent
1.30%
Know Nothing
0.43%
Whig
45.02%

Special elections

30th Congress

District Incumbent This race
Member / Delegate Party First elected Results Candidates
Pennsylvania 6 John W. Hornbeck Whig 1846 Incumbent died January 16, 1848.
New member elected March 6, 1848.
Democratic gain.
Winner was not a candidate for the next term; see below.
Massachusetts 8 John Quincy Adams Whig 1830 Incumbent died February 23, 1848.
New member elected April 3, 1848.
Whig hold.
Winner later re-elected to the next term; see below.
South Carolina 1 James A. Black Democratic 1843 Incumbent died April 3, 1848.
New member elected October 10, 1848.
Democratic hold.
Winner later re-elected to the next term; see below.
  • Green tickY Daniel Wallace (Democratic) 39.59%
  • H. F. Thompson (Unknown) 35.77%
  • W. F. Davie (Unknown) 24.64%[5]
New York 27 John M. Holley Whig 1846 Incumbent died March 8, 1848.
New member elected November 7, 1848.
Whig hold.
Winner later re-elected to the next term; see below.
  • Green tickY Esbon Blackmar (Whig) 45.62%
  • James C. Smith (Free Soil) 40.89%
  • Cullen Foster (Democratic) 13.49%[6]
South Carolina 4 Alexander D. Sims Democratic 1844 Incumbent died November 22, 1848.
New member elected January 9, 1849.
Democratic hold.
Winner later elected to the next term; see below.
Wisconsin Territory at-large New delegate elected October 30, 1848.

31st Congress

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
South Carolina 4 Alexander D. Sims Democratic 1844 Incumbent had been re-elected, see below, but died November 22, 1848.
New member elected January 16, 1849.
Democratic hold.
Winner had already been elected to finish the current term; see above.
Ohio 6 Rodolphus Dickinson Democratic Incumbent died March 20, 1849.
New member elected in 1849.
Vermont 3 George P. Marsh Whig 1843 Incumbent resigned when appointed U.S. Minister to the Ottoman Empire.
Whig hold.
Virginia 15 Alexander Newman Democratic 1849 Incumbent died September 8, 1949.
Whig gain.

Alabama

Elections were held August 6, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Alabama 1
Alabama 2
Alabama 3
Alabama 4
Alabama 5
Alabama 6
Alabama 7

Arkansas

The election was held August 7, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Arkansas at-large Thomas W. Newton Whig 1847 (special) Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.

California

In California two at-large members were elected November 13, 1849 in anticipation of statehood and seated September 11, 1850.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
California at-large
2 seats elected on a general ticket
None (new state) New seat.
Independent gain.
Others
  • Peter Halsted (Unknown) 2.4%
  • L. W. Hastings (Unknown) 0.9%
  • Pierson B. Reading (Whig) 0.7%
  • W. H. Russell (Unknown) 0.4%
  • J. S. Thompson (Unknown) 0.3%
  • Kimball H. Dimmick (Unknown) 0.2%
None (new state) New seat.
Democratic gain.

Connecticut

Elections were held April 2, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates[12]
Connecticut 1 James Dixon Whig 1845 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
Connecticut 2 Samuel D. Hubbard Whig 1845 Incumbent lost re-election.
Free Soil gain.
Connecticut 3 John A. Rockwell Whig 1845 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Connecticut 4 Truman Smith Whig 1845 Incumbent retired.
Whig hold.

Delaware

The election was held November 6, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Delaware at-large

Florida

Florida's single at-large member was elected October 2, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Florida at-large Edward C. Cabell Whig 1846 Incumbent re-elected.

Georgia

Elections were held October 2, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Georgia 1
Georgia 2
Georgia 3
Georgia 4
Georgia 5
Georgia 6
Georgia 7
Georgia 8

Illinois

Elections were held August 7, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Illinois 1
Illinois 2
Illinois 3
Illinois 4
Illinois 5
Illinois 6
Illinois 7

Indiana

Elections were held August 10, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Indiana 1
Indiana 2
Indiana 3
Indiana 4
Indiana 5
Indiana 6
Indiana 7
Indiana 8
Indiana 9
Indiana 10

Iowa

Elections were held August 7, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Iowa 1
Iowa 2

Kentucky

Elections were held August 6, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Kentucky 1
Kentucky 2
Kentucky 3
Kentucky 4
Kentucky 5
Kentucky 6
Kentucky 7
Kentucky 8
Kentucky 9
Kentucky 10

Louisiana

Elections were held November 5, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Louisiana 1
Louisiana 2
Louisiana 3
Louisiana 4

Maine

Elections were held September 11, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Maine 1
Maine 2
Maine 3
Maine 4
Maine 5
Maine 6
Maine 7

Maryland

Elections were held October 3, 1849 elections were after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the new term, but still before the Congress convened in December 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Maryland 1
Maryland 2
Maryland 3
Maryland 4
Maryland 5
Maryland 6

Massachusetts

Elections were held November 13, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Massachusetts 1
Massachusetts 2
Massachusetts 3
Massachusetts 4 John G. Palfrey Whig 1846 Incumbent lost re-election as Free Soil candidate.
No member elected due to failure to achieve majority vote.
Whig loss.
Massachusetts 5
Massachusetts 6
Massachusetts 7 Julius Rockwell Whig 1844 (late) Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 8
Massachusetts 9
Massachusetts 10

Michigan

Elections were held November 7, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Michigan 1 Robert McClelland Democratic 1843 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • Green tickY Alexander W. Buel (Democratic) 46.7%
  • George C. Bates (Whig) 40.8%
  • Caleb N. Ormsby (Free Soil) 12.4%[15]
Michigan 2 Charles E. Stuart Democratic 1847 (special) Incumbent lost re-election.
Whig gain.
Michigan 3 Kinsley S. Bingham Democratic 1846 Incumbent re-elected.
  • Green tickY Kinsley S. Bingham (Democratic) 51.0%
  • George H. Hazelton (Whig) 38.7%
  • John M. Lamb (Free Soil) 10.3%[17]

Minnesota Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Mississippi

Elections were held November 5–6, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Mississippi 1 Jacob Thompson Democratic 1839 Incumbent re-elected.
Mississippi 2 Winfield S. Featherston Democratic 1847 Incumbent re-elected.
Mississippi 3 Patrick W. Tompkins Whig 1847 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
Mississippi 4 Albert G. Brown Democratic 1847 Incumbent re-elected.

Missouri

Elections were held August 7, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Missouri 1
Missouri 2
Missouri 3
Missouri 4
Missouri 5

New Hampshire

Elections were held March 13, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
New Hampshire 1
New Hampshire 2
New Hampshire 3
New Hampshire 4

New Jersey

Elections were held November 7, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
New Jersey 1
New Jersey 2
New Jersey 3
New Jersey 4
New Jersey 5

New York

Elections were held November 7, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
New York 1
New York 2
New York 3
New York 4
New York 5
New York 6
New York 7
New York 8
New York 9
New York 10
New York 11
New York 12
New York 13
New York 14
New York 15
New York 16
New York 17
New York 18
New York 19
New York 20
New York 21
New York 22
New York 23
New York 24
New York 25
New York 26
New York 27
New York 28
New York 29
New York 30
New York 31
New York 32
New York 33
New York 34

North Carolina

Elections were held August 7, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
North Carolina 1
North Carolina 2
North Carolina 3
North Carolina 4
North Carolina 5
North Carolina 6
North Carolina 7
North Carolina 8
North Carolina 9

Ohio

Elections were held October 10, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Ohio 1
Ohio 2
Ohio 3
Ohio 4
Ohio 5
Ohio 6
Ohio 7
Ohio 8
Ohio 9
Ohio 10
Ohio 11
Ohio 12
Ohio 13
Ohio 14
Ohio 15
Ohio 16
Ohio 17
Ohio 18
Ohio 19
Ohio 20
Ohio 21

Oregon Territory

See Non-voting delegates, below.

Pennsylvania

Elections were held October 10, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Pennsylvania 1
Pennsylvania 2
Pennsylvania 3
Pennsylvania 4
Pennsylvania 5
Pennsylvania 6
Pennsylvania 7
Pennsylvania 8
Pennsylvania 9
Pennsylvania 10
Pennsylvania 11
Pennsylvania 12
Pennsylvania 13
Pennsylvania 14
Pennsylvania 15
Pennsylvania 16
Pennsylvania 17
Pennsylvania 18
Pennsylvania 19
Pennsylvania 20
Pennsylvania 21
Pennsylvania 22
Pennsylvania 23
Pennsylvania 24

Rhode Island

Elections were held April 4, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Rhode Island 1
Rhode Island 2

South Carolina

Elections were held October 9–10, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
South Carolina 1
South Carolina 2
South Carolina 3
South Carolina 4 Alexander D. Sims Democratic 1844 Incumbent re-elected.
Incumbent then died November 22, 1848, leading to two special elections.
South Carolina 5
South Carolina 6
South Carolina 7

Tennessee

Tennessee Results, shaded according to winning candidates share of vote

Elections were held August 2, 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Tennessee 1 Andrew Johnson Democratic 1842 Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee 2 William M. Cocke Whig 1845 Incumbent lost re-election as a Democrat.
Whig hold.
Tennessee 3 John H. Crozier Whig 1845 Incumbent retired.
Whig hold.
Tennessee 4 Hugh L.W. Hill Democratic 1847 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • Green tickY John H. Savage (Democratic) 48.44%
  • Samuel Turney (Unknown) 38.82%
  • John B. Rogers (Whig) 12.74%[26]
Tennessee 5 George W. Jones Democratic 1842 Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee 6 James H. Thomas Democratic 1847 Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee 7 Meredith P. Gentry Whig 1845 Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee 8 Washington Barrow Whig 1847 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
Tennessee 9 Lucien B. Chase Democratic 1845 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
Tennessee 10 Frederick P. Stanton Democratic 1845 Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee 11 William T. Haskell Whig 1847 Incumbent retired.
Whig hold.

Texas

Elections were held August 6, 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Texas 1
Texas 2

Vermont

Elections were held September 5, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates[9]
Vermont 1 William Henry Whig 1846 Incumbent re-elected.
Vermont 2 Jacob Collamer Whig 1843 Incumbent retired.
Whig hold.
First ballot
Second ballot
Vermont 3 George P. Marsh Whig 1843 Incumbent re-elected.
First ballot
Second ballot
Vermont 4 Lucius B. Peck Democratic 1846 Incumbent re-elected.
First ballot
Second ballot

Virginia

Elections were held April 26, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates[34]
Virginia 1 Archibald Atkinson Democratic 1843 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
  • Green tickY John Millson (Democratic) 51.7%
  • Samuel Watts (Whig) 48.3%
Virginia 2 Richard Kidder Meade Democratic 1847 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • Green tickY Richard Kidder Meade (Democratic) 88.7%
  • [FNU] Shell (Unknown) 5.7%
  • S. J. Weisigner (Whig) 5.7%
Virginia 3 Thomas Flournoy Whig 1847 Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Virginia 4 Thomas S. Bocock Democratic 1847 Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 5 William L. Goggin Whig 1839
1843 (lost contest)
1844 (special)
1845 (retired)
1847
Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Virginia 6 John Botts Whig 1839
1843 (lost)
1847
Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain.
Virginia 7 Thomas H. Bayly Democratic 1844 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 8 Richard L. T. Beale Democratic 1847 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
Virginia 9 John Pendleton Whig 1845 Incumbent lost re-election.
Independent Whig gain.
Virginia 10 Henry Bedinger Democratic 1845 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.
Virginia 11 James McDowell Democratic 1846 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 12 William B. Preston Whig 1847 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
Virginia 13 Andrew S. Fulton Whig 1847 Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain.
Virginia 14 Robert A. Thompson Democratic 1847 Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold.
Virginia 15 William G. Brown Sr. Democratic 1845 Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic hold.

Wisconsin

Wisconsin members were first elected in advance of its June 1848 statehood. It elected two members to finish the current term in the 30th Congress, and then it gained an elected an additional member for elections to the 31st Congress.

30th Congress

Wisconsin's two members were elected May 8, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates[35]
Wisconsin 1 None (new state) New seat.
Democratic gain.
Wisconsin 2 None (new state) New seat.
Democratic gain.

31st Congress

Wisconsin's three members were elected November 7, 1848.

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates[35]
Wisconsin 1 William Pitt Lynde Democratic 1848 Incumbent lost re-election.
Free Soil gain.
Wisconsin 2 Mason C. Darling Democratic 1848 Incumbent retired.
Whig gain.
Wisconsin 3 None (new district) New seat.
Democratic gain.

Non-voting delegates

Going into these elections, there were no incumbent delegates, because the only territory — Wisconsin Territorybecame a state in 1848. Two new territories — Minnesota Territory and Oregon Territory — were granted delegates in 1849.

District Incumbent This race
Delegate Party First elected Results Candidates
Minnesota Territory New district New seat.
New delegate elected July 7, 1849.
Democratic gain.
Oregon Territory New district New seat.
New delegate elected in 1849.
Democratic gain.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Excludes states admitted during the 31st Congress
  2. ^ a b c Includes late elections
  3. ^ In comparison to its precursor, the Liberty Party, in the last election cycle.
  4. ^ Includes two Independent Democrats.
  5. ^ Includes one Independent, one Independent Whig, and one Anti-Rent Whig.
  6. ^ There were 9 Free Soilers, 1 Know Nothing, and 1 Independent.
  7. ^ 1 Know Nothing
  8. ^ In 1845, Congress passed a law providing for a uniform date for choosing presidential electors (see: Statutes at Large, 28th Congress, 2nd Session, p. 721). Congressional elections were unaffected by this law, but the date was gradually adopted by the states for congressional elections as well.
  9. ^ Increase of 1 seat.
  10. ^ One vacancy, in Massachusetts's 4th district, for the duration of the 31st Congress (as no candidate received a majority of the vote after multiple elections).
  11. ^ Previous election had 1 Independent.
  12. ^ Seated September 11, 1850 after admission to the Union.
  13. ^ 1 Independent elected.

References

  1. ^ Brooks, Corey M. (2016). Liberty Power: Antislavery Third Parties and the Transformation of American Politics. University of Chicago Press. pp. 155–160. ISBN 978-0-226-30728-2. Retrieved March 2, 2019.
  2. ^ Stat. 235
  3. ^ Stat. 452
  4. ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 8 - Special Election Race - Apr 03, 1848". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2020-12-31.
  5. ^ "Our Campaigns - SC - District 01 Race - Oct 09, 1848". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2020-12-31.
  6. ^ "Our Campaigns - NY District 27 - Special Election Race - Nov 07, 1848". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2020-12-31.
  7. ^ "Our Campaigns - SC - District 04 Special Election Race - Jan 08, 1849". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2020-12-31.
  8. ^ "Our Campaigns - SC - District 04 Special Election Race - Jan 15, 1849". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2020-12-31.
  9. ^ a b "VT Elections Database » Vermont Election Results and Statistics". VT Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-08-29.
  10. ^ "Virginia Elections Database » Virginia Election Results and Statistics". Virginia Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  11. ^ Guide to U.S. Elections. Vol. II (6th ed.). Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. 2010. p. 1010. ISBN 9781604265361. LCCN 2009033938. OCLC 430736650.
  12. ^ "State of Connecticut Elections Database » Search Past Election Results". State of Connecticut Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-10-09.
  13. ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 4 - 4th Trial Race - May 26, 1851". OurCampaigns.com.
  14. ^ "Our Campaigns - MA District 7 Race - Nov 13, 1848". OurCampaigns.com.
  15. ^ "MI - District 01 Race - Nov 07, 1848". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
  16. ^ "MI - District 02 Race - Nov 07, 1848". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
  17. ^ "MI - District 03 Race - Nov 07, 1848". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
  18. ^ "MS - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
  19. ^ "MS - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
  20. ^ "MS - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
  21. ^ "MS - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
  22. ^ "Our Campaigns - SC - District 04 Race - Oct 09, 1848". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2020-12-31.
  23. ^ "TN - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  24. ^ "TN - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  25. ^ "TN - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  26. ^ "TN - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  27. ^ "TN - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  28. ^ "TN - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  29. ^ "TN - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  30. ^ "TN - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  31. ^ "TN - District 09". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  32. ^ "TN - District 10". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  33. ^ "TN - District 11". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  34. ^ "Virginia Elections Database » Virginia Election Results and Statistics". Virginia Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-08-31.
  35. ^ a b "Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results" (PDF). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved March 8, 2022 – via Wayback Machine.

Bibliography

Read other articles:

Questa voce sull'argomento strade d'Italia è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Strada statale 7 var/CVariante di Cisterna di LatinaLocalizzazioneStato Italia Regioni Lazio Province Latina DatiClassificazioneStrada statale InizioInnesto SS 7 FineInnesto SS 7 Lunghezza5,250 km GestoreANAS Manuale La strada statale 7 var/C Variante di Cisterna di Latina (SS 7 var/C) è una strada statale italiana. Indice 1 Storia 2 Percorso 2.1 Tab…

هذه مقالة غير مراجعة. ينبغي أن يزال هذا القالب بعد أن يراجعها محرر؛ إذا لزم الأمر فيجب أن توسم المقالة بقوالب الصيانة المناسبة. يمكن أيضاً تقديم طلب لمراجعة المقالة في الصفحة المخصصة لذلك. (فبراير 2021) هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وص…

Pendidikan musik adalah bidang studi yang terkait dengan pengajaran dan pembelajaran musik. Bidang studi ini mencakup semua aspek pembelajaran, termasuk psikomotor (pengembangan kemampuan), kognitif (pemerolehan pengetahuan), dan afektif, termasuk apresiasi musik dan sensitivitasnya. Keberadaan pelatihan musik mulai dari pendidikan prasekolah sampai pascasekunder umum ditemukan di berbagai negara karena keterlibatan dalam musik dianggap sebagai komponen dasar budaya dan perilaku manusia. Musik, …

Stadion FeijenoordDe Kuip UEFA Informasi stadionNama lengkapStadion FeijenoordLokasiLokasi Rotterdam, BelandaKoordinat51°53′38.02″N 4°31′23.71″E / 51.8938944°N 4.5232528°E / 51.8938944; 4.5232528KonstruksiDibuat1935 – 1937Dibuka23 Juli 1937Direnovasi1994ArsitekLeendert van der Vlugt Broekbakema (renovasi)Data teknisKapasitas51.577PemakaiFeyenoord (Eredivisie) Tim nasional BelandaSunting kotak info • L • BBantuan penggunaan templat ini Stadion F…

العلاقات الآيسلندية التشيلية آيسلندا تشيلي   آيسلندا   تشيلي تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الآيسلندية التشيلية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين آيسلندا وتشيلي.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه المقارنة آ…

Ganglion dilihat dibawah mikroskop Dalam anatomi, ganglion ada sebuah bongkahan jaringan biologis. Ganglion paling banyak terbentuk dari sel saraf tubuh.[1] Sel yang ditemukan di dalam ganglion disebut sel ganglion. Istilah ini juga kadang digunakan untuk mengacu ke istilah yang lebih spesifik yaitu sel ganglion retina Kejadian kurang umum yang berhubungan dengan ganglion adalah kista ganglion, benjolan kecil yang umumnya muncul di tangan atau kaki, belum diyakini sebagai sel saraf. Liha…

Pandemic on the Navajo Nation COVID-19 pandemic on the Navajo NationDiseaseCOVID-19Virus strainSARS-CoV-2LocationNavajo Nation, United StatesIndex caseChilchinbito, ArizonaArrival dateMarch 17, 2020Confirmed cases31,571 (as of August 6, 2021[update])[1][2]Recovered29,969 (as of August 6, 2021[update])[1][2]Deaths1,377 (as of August 6, 2021[update])[1][2] On March 17, 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic was…

American politician Verner MainPress & Sun-Bulletin (Binghamton, NY), December 18, 1935Member of the U.S. House of Representativesfrom Michigan's 3rd districtIn officeDecember 17, 1935 – January 3, 1937Preceded byHenry M. KimballSucceeded byPaul W. ShaferMember of the Michigan State House of RepresentativesIn office1927–1929 Personal detailsBorn(1885-12-16)December 16, 1885Ashley, Ohio, U.S.DiedJuly 6, 1965(1965-07-06) (aged 79)Battle Creek, Michigan, U.S.Politi…

Синелобый амазон Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:ЗавропсидыКласс:Птиц…

Roald HoffmannRoald HoffmannLahir18 Juli 1937 (umur 86)Zolochiv, Poland (now Ukraine)KebangsaanAmericanWarga negaraUnited StatesAlmamaterStuyvesant High School Columbia UniversityHarvard UniversityDikenal atasreaction mechanismsPenghargaan1981 Hadiah Nobel dalam KimiaKarier ilmiahBidangChemistryInstitusiCornell UniversityPembimbing doktoralWilliam N. Lipscomb, Jr. Roald Hoffmann (lahir 1937 di Złoczów, Polandia (kini Zolochiv di Ukraina) diberi nama untuk menghormati penjelajah Norwegia, …

Canadian ice hockey player and executive Ice hockey player Jason King King with the St. John's IceCaps in 2011Born (1981-09-14) September 14, 1981 (age 42)Corner Brook, Newfoundland, CanadaHeight 6 ft 1 in (185 cm)Weight 195 lb (88 kg; 13 st 13 lb)Position CentreShot LeftPlayed for Vancouver CanucksSkellefteå AIKAnaheim DucksAdler MannheimHamburg FreezersNHL draft 212th overall, 2001Vancouver CanucksPlaying career 2003–2013 Jason King (born Septembe…

Annual film festival in Avezzano, Italy Festival Cinema e Ambiente AvezzanoLocationAvezzano, ItalyWebsitehttps://cinemaeambienteavezzano.it/ The Festival Cinema e Ambiente Avezzano is an annual film festival held in Avezzano, in the Abruzzo region, Italy. The festival boasts the recognition of the Ministry of Culture.[1] The festival The festival Cinema e Ambiente follows the story of Avezzano film festivals and since 2016 it has become an international kermesse dedicated to environmenta…

Voce principale: Società Sportiva Calcio Napoli. AC NapoliStagione 1948-1949 Sport calcio Squadra Napoli Allenatore Felice Borel (1ª-25ª) Luigi De Manes (26ª-41ª) Vittorio Mosele (42ª) Presidente Egidio Musollino Serie B5º Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Chellini, Rosi (41)Totale: Chellini, Rosi (41) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Brighenti (8)Totale: Brighenti (8) Stadiodella Liberazione 1947-1948 1949-1950 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Questa voce raccoglie le informazioni rigu…

French Le Fantasque-class large destroyer For other ships with the same name, see French ship Indomptable. L'Indomptable at sea circa 1939 History France NameL'Indomptable Ordered18 August 1931 BuilderForges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée, La Seyne-sur-Mer Laid down25 January 1932 Launched7 December 1933 Completed10 February 1936 Commissioned15 November 1935 In service15 April 1936 FateScuttled, 27 November 1942 General characteristics (as built) Class and typeLe Fantasque-class destroyer Dis…

日語寫法日語原文日本標準時假名にほんひょうじゅんじ平文式罗马字Nihon Hyōjunji此條目可参照日語維基百科相應條目来扩充。若您熟悉来源语言和主题,请协助参考外语维基百科扩充条目。请勿直接提交机械翻译,也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依版权协议,译文需在编辑摘要注明来源,或于讨论页顶部标记{{Translated page}}标签。兵庫縣明石市的明石市立天文科學館(日…

Presidente degli Emirati Arabi UnitiStemma presidenziale Stendardo presidenziale Nome originale(AR) رئيس دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة Stato Emirati Arabi Uniti TipoPresidente federale In caricaMohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan Istituito2 dicembre 1971 Nominato daConsiglio supremo federale Sito webwww.government.ae/about-the-uae/the-uae-government/government-leaders/hh-sheikh-khalifa-bin-zayed-al-nahyan Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Il presidente degli E…

  关于与「內閣總理大臣」標題相近或相同的条目页,請見「內閣總理大臣 (消歧義)」。 日本國內閣總理大臣內閣總理大臣紋章現任岸田文雄自2021年10月4日在任尊称總理、總理大臣、首相、阁下官邸總理大臣官邸提名者國會全體議員選出任命者天皇任期四年,無連任限制[註 1]設立法源日本國憲法先前职位太政大臣(太政官)首任伊藤博文设立1885年12月22日,​…

هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها.Learn how and when to remove this message يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزال…

دائرة الصويرة تقسيم إداري البلد  المغرب الجهة مراكش آسفي الإقليم الصويرة السكان التعداد السكاني وسيط property غير متوفر. إجمالي السكان 198862 نسمة (2004)[1]   • عدد الأسر 35295 أسرة معلومات أخرى التوقيت الصيفي +1 غرينيتش تعديل مصدري - تعديل   دائرة الصويرة هي إحدى دوائر إقليم ا…

الجامعة الإسلامية العالمية، إسلام آباد   معلومات التأسيس 1980 الموقع الجغرافي إحداثيات 33°39′24″N 73°01′29″E / 33.65673056°N 73.02476111°E / 33.65673056; 73.02476111   المكان إسلام آباد البلد باكستان الإدارة الرئيس أحمد يوسف الدريويش العميد منظور أحمد إحصاءات عدد الطلاب 10,000 تقريبا. (سن…

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya