Chloride channel blocker
A chloride channel blocker is a type of drug which inhibits the transmission of ions (Cl− ) through chloride channels .
Niflumic acid is a chloride channel blocker that has been used in experimental scientific research .[ 1] Another example is anthracene-9-carboxylic acid , a potent blocker of the CLCN1 -type chloride channel found in skeletal muscle, which is used to study animal models of myotonia congenita .[ 2]
Some antagonists of glycine receptors and GABAA receptors also act as chloride channel blockers.
See also
References
Further reading
Phillis JW, Song D, O'Regan MH (January 1998). "Tamoxifen, a chloride channel blocker, reduces glutamate and aspartate release from the ischemic cerebral cortex". Brain Research . 780 (2): 352–5. doi :10.1016/S0006-8993(97)01352-8 . PMID 9507191 . S2CID 3160962 .
Zhou, Yuhong; Shapiro, Michael; Dong, Qu; Louahed, Jamila; Weiss, Christine; Wan, Shanhong; Chen, Qiming; Dragwa, Carl; Savio, Dawn; Huang, Minxue; Fuller, Catherine; Tomer, Yaniv; Nicolaides, Nicholas C.; McLane, Michael; Levitt, Roy C. (2002). "A Calcium-Activated Chloride Channel Blocker Inhibits Goblet Cell Metaplasia and Mucus Overproduction" . Mucus Hypersecretion in Respiratory Disease . Novartis Foundation Symposia. Vol. 248. pp. 150–170. doi :10.1002/0470860790.ch10 . ISBN 9780470844786 .
Mohamed F, Senarathna L, Percy A, Abeyewardene M, Eaglesham G, Cheng R, Azher S, Hittarage A, Dissanayake W, Sheriff MH, Davies W, Buckley NA, Eddleston M (2004). "Acute human self-poisoning with the N-phenylpyrazole insecticide fipronil--a GABAA-gated chloride channel blocker" . Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology . 42 (7): 955–63. doi :10.1081/CLT-200041784 . PMC 1351141 . PMID 15641641 .
Lukacs GL, Nanda A, Rotstein OD, Grinstein S (August 1991). "The chloride channel blocker 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropyl-amino) benzoic acid (NPPB) uncouples mitochondria and increases the proton permeability of the plasma membrane in phagocytic cells" . FEBS Letters . 288 (1–2): 17–20. doi :10.1016/0014-5793(91)80992-C . PMID 1652470 . S2CID 35959479 .
Kang JX, Man SF, Brown NE, Labrecque PA, Clandinin MT (August 1992). "The chloride channel blocker anthracene 9-carboxylate inhibits fatty acid incorporation into phospholipid in cultured human airway epithelial cells" . The Biochemical Journal . 285 ( Pt 3) (3): 725–9. doi :10.1042/bj2850725 . PMC 1132855 . PMID 1323271 .
Liu J, Lai ZF, Wang XD, Tokutomi N, Nishi K (April 1998). "Inhibition of sodium current by chloride channel blocker 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS) in guinea pig cardiac ventricular cells" . Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology . 31 (4): 558–67. doi :10.1097/00005344-199804000-00014 . PMID 9554805 .
Calcium
VDCCs Tooltip Voltage-dependent calcium channels
Potassium
VGKCs Tooltip Voltage-gated potassium channels
IRKs Tooltip Inwardly rectifying potassium channel
KCa Tooltip Calcium-activated potassium channel
K2Ps Tooltip Tandem pore domain potassium channel
Sodium
VGSCs Tooltip Voltage-gated sodium channels
ENaC Tooltip Epithelial sodium channel
ASICs Tooltip Acid-sensing ion channel
Chloride
CaCCs Tooltip Calcium-activated chloride channel
CFTR Tooltip Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
Unsorted
Others
TRPs Tooltip Transient receptor potential channels LGICs Tooltip Ligand gated ion channels