Xukuruan languages

Xukuruan
Xukuruan
Shukuru
Geographic; distribution	Brazil
Linguistic classification	unclassified
Subdivisions	Xukurú; Paratió;
Glottolog	xuku1239 (Xukurú)

Map of indigenous territories in Alagoas and Sergipe states, Brazil

The Xukuruan languages are a language family proposed by Loukotka (1968) that links two extinct and poorly attested languages of eastern Brazil.^[1] The languages are:

Loukotka (1968) also lists the unattested Garañun (Garanhun), an extinct, undocumented language once spoken in the Serra dos Garanhuns.^[1]

Vocabulary

Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for Shukurú and Paratio.^[1]

gloss	Shukurú	Paratió
ear	bandulák	bolúdo
tooth	chilodé	vovó
man	sheñupre	sheñup
sun	kiá	kiá
moon	klariːmon	limolago
earth	krashishi
tobacco	mãzyé	mazyaː

Pompeu (1958)

These word lists of language varieties from the Serra do Urubá (also known as the Serra do Arorobá or Serra do Ororubá, located in the municipality of Pesqueira, Pernambuco) are reproduced from Pompeu Sobrinho (1958).^[2]

Below is a vocabulary collected by Domingos Cruz in Pesqueira, Pernambuco from his informant Rodrigues de Mendonça, who was originally from the Serra do Urubá:

Portuguese gloss (original)	English gloss (translated)	"Serra do Urubá"
cabeça	head	kreká, kri, ká
cabeça de vaca	cow head	kreká memêngo
chapéu	hat	kriákugo, kriá
chuva	rain	kraxixi
comida	food	kringó
comida boa	good food	kringó konengo
cachaça	cachaça (liquor)	irínka
bom, boa	good	konengo
chefe, mais velho	boss, older	taióp
deus	God	tupá
faca grande	big knife	xaníko
faca pequena	small knife	saquarék
homem	man	xiakrók
homem branco	white man	karé
homem índio	Indian man	xenunpe
homem defeituoso	deformed man	jajú
fome	hunger	xurák
inimigo	enemy	aredirí
ir embora	go away	nuntógo
mulher	woman	krippó
milho	corn	xigó
nevoeiro	fog	batukin
lua	moon	limolago
sol	sun	oraci
pedra	stone	krá
pedra (em cima da terra)	stone (on top of the earth)	krá xixí
pé	foot	poiá
defeito	defect	guxú
pé defeituoso	defective foot	poiá guxú
ruim	bad	aguá, pigó
homem branco ruim	bad white man	karé aguá
homem branco bom	good white man	karé konengo
O inimigo vem aí.	The enemy is coming.	arediri arediri

Vocabulary collected by Domingos Cruz from his informant Pedro Rodrigues, who was originally from the sitio of Gitó in the Serra do Urubá:

Portuguese gloss (original)	English gloss (translated)	Gitó variety
aguardente	aguardente (liquor)	orinka
aldeiamento	village	taiopo maritáro
arco (arma)	bow (weapon)	tamaingú, temaigú
carne	meat	inxi, ixi
fome	hunger	xurák
negro (homem)	black (man)	taká
cabra	goat	krexkuák jãtarinta
negra	black	taká jipu
onça	jaguar	jetôme
raça, tribo	race, tribe	xekurú
marinheiro (estrangeiro)	sailor (foreigner)	karé irut
carne	meat	inxin
comedor de carne	meat eater	inzin aragogú
mentiroso	liar	jupegúgo
lua	moon	limolágo
sol	sun	orací
deus	God	tupá
Nossa Senhora	Our Lady (Virgin Mary)	Tamaipí

Vocabulary collected by José Joaquim in Rio Branco, Pernambuco of a language spoken in the Serra do Urubá:

Portuguese gloss (original)	English gloss (translated)	"Serra do Urubá"
bom dia	good morning	degómen
cacete	club	kirí, quirí
cabeça	head	krêkió
batata	potato	baká, koxó
altar	altar	oiô
canela (tíbia)	shin; tibia	gatí
canela fina	fine shin	gatirí
cachaça	cachaça (liquor)	urínka
?	?	urinka karóba
mão	hand	kêerakê
dedo	finger	atirí, tirí
nariz	nose	korõzó
espiga (milho)	ear (of corn)	tók, tóque
fumo, tabaco	smoke, tobacco	mãjá
Como vai?	How are you?	adeusá
livro	book	quatirá
fino	thin	irí
longe	far	tigí
ir embora	go away	ombêira
livrar-se	get rid of	muntógo
feijão	bean	jejá
cara, rosto	face	nãí
cara feia	ugly face	naiogo
negro (homem)	black (man)	taka
olhar	look	antiá
pano	cloth	mití (?)
pano velho (farrapo)	old cloth (rag)	takó
mandioca ou macaxeira	cassava or manioc	xaká
milho	corn	xigó
vertir	pour, spill	tadí
roupa	clothes	kunãgo
roupa nova	new clothes	tiliká
roupa velha	old clothes	takó
girau	turned	koiá
livro	book	katirá, quatirá
tamboeira (de milho)	poorly sprouted corn	boró tiga
espiga de milho	corn cob	tiga gugá

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
^ Pompeu Sobrinho, Thomaz. 1958. Línguas Tapuias desconhecidas do Nordeste: Alguns vocabulários inéditos. Boletim de Antropologia (Fortaleza-Ceará) 2. 3-19.